Vedernikov (masculine, ) or Vedernikova (feminine, ) is a Russian surname. Notable people with the surname include:
Alexander Vedernikov (1964–2020), Russian conductor Alexander Vedernikov (bass) (1927–2018), Russian opera singer and music educator Andrei Vedernikov (1959–2020), Russian Olympic cyclist Mikhail Vedernikov (born 1975), Russian politician Egor Vedernikov (born 2014), Russian musician Egor Vedernikov (born 2001), Russian athlete