Sharonov, feminine: Sharonova () is a Russian surname that may refer to:

Aleksandr Sharonov (born 1942) Mordvin (Russian) philologist, writer Nikolai Sharonov (1901-?), Soviet diplomat Roman Sharonov (born 1976), Russian footballer Vsevolod Sharonov (1901–1964), a Russian astronomer Yevgeny Sharonov (born 1958), a Russian water polo player

See also