Brodersen is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:
Arvid Brodersen (1904–1996), Norwegian sociologist Friedrich Brodersen (1873–1926), German opera singer Kai Brodersen (born 1958), German historian and classical scholar Robert W. Brodersen (born 1945), American electrical engineer Viggo Brodersen (1879–1965), Danish classical composer and pianist
See also 17965 Brodersen, a main-belt asteroid