This article contains lists of the most common surnames in most of the countries of Europe, including Armenia, Kosovo, and five transcontinental countries but excluding five European microstates. Countries are arranged in alphabetical order.

Albania

At the moment, listings for the most common names are unavailable for Albania. However the most common names include the following:

Common names denoting profession. Of these, religious professional names have been particularly widespread, including Hoxha (a Muslim priest, Sunni or Bektashi, with its variant Hoxhaj), Prifti (a Christian priest, Catholic or Orthodox), Shehu (a Bektashi priest) and Dervishi (Bektashi clergy). Bektashi itself is also a common surname. Ironically, Hoxha was the surname of Enver Hoxha, the leader of Communist Albania who banned all religions. There are numerous other professional names which are not as common. Begu also denotes a former ruler and also the surname(s) Gjoni or Gjonaj. Common names which originated as patrinomials. Common names of this sort include Leka or Lekaj (Alex), Gjoni or Gjonaj (John), Murati (Murad), Mehmeti (Mehmed), Hysi (typically short for Hussein), Gjika/Gjoka (short for Jacob, cf Jake), Marku (Mark), Kola/Kolla/Nikolla (Nicholas), Hasani (Hassan), Kristi/Kristo, Luka (Lucas), Brahimi (Abraham, from Turkish), Sinani, Thanasi (Athanasius), Halili (Halil), and Abazi (Abbas). Albanians of Muslim background often bear Christian last names (denoting former Christian origin), and those with Christian often bear Muslim last names (which many in Northern regions adopted thinking it would lead to better treatment from the Ottoman authorities), although the holders of Bektashi surnames are usually actually of Bektashi background Common names which originated as place names. May denote former residence, or, if the bearer has a Muslim patrilineal background, that their ancestors ruled the place. Common places used as surnames include Dibra, Laci, Shkodra, Prishtina, Delvina, Koroveshi and Permeti, as well as the famous Frasheri surname of the Frasheri family. Additionally common some names indicate regional origins: Gega/Gegaj (for one of Gheg origin), Tosku/Toskaj (signifying Tosk origin) and Chami (for Cham origin). Some common names are Northern Albanian clan names that double as place names such as Kelmendi and Shkreli. Other notable clan-origin names include Berisha, Krasniqi and Gashi. These sorts of names are very common in far Northern Albania and in Kosovo. Colors: of which Kuqi (red) and Bardhi (white) are the most commonly used as surnames.

Rank Surname Note (equivalent or else meaning) * Hoxha a Muslim priest, Sunni or Bektashi, with its variant Hoxhaj * Prifti a Christian priest, Catholic or Orthodox * Shehu a Bektashi priest * Dervishi Bektashi clergy * Bektashi follower of Bektashism * Begu * Gjoni or Gjonaj John * Leka or Lekaj Alex * Gjoni or Gjonaj John * Murati Murad * Mehmeti Mehmed * Hysi short for Hussein * Gjika/Gjoka short for Jacob, cf Jake * Marku Mark * Kola/Kolla/Nikolla Nicholas * Hasani Hassan * Kristi/Kristo Christian * Luka Lucas * Brahimi Abraham, from Turkish * Sinani * Thanasi Athanasius * Halili Halil * Abazi Abbas * Dibra from Dibër * Laçi from Laç * Shkodra from Shkodër * Prishtina from Pristina * Delvina from Delvinë * Koroveshi * Përmeti from Përmet * Frashëri from Frashër * Gega/Gegaj of Gheg origin or son of Gegë * Toska/Toskaj signifying Tosk origin * Çami Cham origin * Kelmendi * Shkreli * Berisha * Krasniqi * Gashi * Kuqi red * Bardhi white

Armenia

Source: Armenia's Voter List

Rank Name Armenian Root name1Grigoryan Grigor (Gregory)2Harutyunyan Harutyun ("resurrection") 3Sargsyan Sargis (Sergius) 4Hovhannisyan Hovhannes (John)5Khachatryan Khachatur ("given by cross")6Hakobyan Hakob (Jacob)7Petrosyan Petros (Peter)8Vardanyan Vardan9Gevorgyan Gevorg (George)10Karapetyan Karapet ("forerunner")11Mkrtchyan Mkrtich ("baptist")12Ghazaryan Ghazar (Lazarus)13Manukyan Manuk ("child")14Avetisyan Avetis/Avetik ("good news")15Poghosyan Poghos (Paul)16Martirosyan Martiros ("martyr")17Sahakyan Sahak (Isaac)18Arakelyan Arakel ("apostle")19Margaryan Margar20Davtyan Davit (David)

Austria

The forty-one most common surnames in Austria as published in 2006 are shown below beside the approximate percentage of the Austrian population sharing each surname.

Rank Surname Meaning Approximate percentage 1 Gruber one who lives in the valley 0.3991 2 Huber land-owning farmer 0.3873 3 Bauer farmer 0.3373 4 Wagner Wainwright 0.3100 5 Müller Miller 0.3012 6 Pichler one who lives on or by a hill 0.2753 7 Steiner one who dwells by the stone 0.2713 8 Moser one who lives on moorland 0.2674 9 Mayer a variant of Meier 0.2653 10 Hofer probably for steward, property or horse maintenance, even blacksmith or related 0.2479 11 Leitner one who lives at a hillside 0.2429 12 Berger one who lives in the mountains 0.2383 13 Fuchs Fox 0.2250 14 Eder one who lives in a barren land 0.2144 15 Fischer Fisher 0.2141 16 Schmid blacksmith 0.2115 17 Winkler a small trader 0.2015 18 Weber weaver 0.1995 19 Schwarz black 0.1961 20 Maier a variant of Meier 0.1946 21 Schneider tailor 0.1915 22 Reiter horse rider or 'from the forest clearing' () 0.1790 23 Mayr a variant of Meier 0.1751 24 Schmidt Smith 0.1740 25 Wimmer Vintner 0.1628 26 Egger Ploughman 0.1610 27 Brunner one dwells by a water well 0.1602 28 Lang long 0.1599 29 Baumgartner Forrester (lit. 'tree gardener') 0.1586 30 Auer 'from the meadow' 0.1555 31 Binder Cooper 0.1458 32 Lechner variant of Lehner 0.1435 33 Wolf Wolf 0.1395 34 Wallner pos. 'forest dweller' Waldenare or a variant of Waldemar 0.1394 35 Aigner allodial title 0.1386 36 Ebner 'from the plateau or flatland' 0.1342 37 Koller 'charcoal maker', variant of Kohler 0.1301 38 Lehner a feudal land holder, see also Lehnsmann 0.1268 39 Haas Hare 0.1261 40 Schuster Cobbler 0.1168 41 Heilig Holy 0.1161

Azerbaijan

Rank Surname Romanization Meaning 1 Mammadov son of Mammad 2 Aliyev son of Ali 3 Huseynov son of Hüseyn 4 Hasanov son of Hasan 5 Guliyev son of Qulu 6 Ismayilov son of Ismayil 7 Ahmadov son of Ahmad 8 Abdullayev son of Abdulla 9 Abbasov son of Abbas 10 Jafarov son of Jafar

Belarus Statistics available for the Belarusian capital of Minsk only:

Rank Surname in Russian Surname in Belarusian Romanization Population 1 Ivanoŭ 7,000 2 Kazloŭ 4,700 3 Kavalioŭ 4,300 4 Kazloŭski 3,900 5 Novik 3,300

Belgium

Belgium is a European nation composed of three main regions: Flemish Region (Flanders), Walloon Region (Wallonia), and Brussels-Capital Region. Flanders has a Dutch-language tradition, while Wallonia has a French-language tradition. The Brussels-Capital Region is a mix of both Dutch- and French-language influences, with a large influx of foreign names. These different linguistic backgrounds are reflected in differing frequencies of surnames, as shown in the table below. On 31 December 1997 there were 316 295 different surnames in Belgium (total population: 11,521,238).

Note — the following table contains the ten most common surnames in each of the three federal regions as of 1 January 2021.

RankSurnamePopulationLanguageMeaningNationalBrusselsFlandersWallonia 1 8 1 63 Peeters 31,079 Dutch (son) of Peter [earlier form: Peeter] 2 6 2 52 Janssens 28,532 Dutch (son) of John 3 20 3 66 Maes 24,594 Dutch (son) of Thomas [earlier form: Thomaes] 4 13 4 88 Jacobs 19,077 Dutch (son) of Jacob / James 5 17 6 66 Mertens 17,906 Dutch (son) of Maarten [earlier form: Merten] 6 39 5 65 Willems 17,747 Dutch (son) of Willem 7 79 7 102 Claes 15,798 Dutch (son) of Nicolaas [earlier form: Niclaes] 8 33 9 124 Goossens 15,269 Dutch (son) of Goos 9 68 8 181 Wouters 14,999 Dutch (son) of Walter 10 57 10 259 De Smet 13,484 Dutch the smith 13 7 237 1 Dubois 12,387 French of the forest 17 21 262 2 Lambert 11232 French bright land 21 22 162 4 Dupont 9,795 French of the bridge 31 9 546 3 Martin 8,677 French of or pertaining to the Roman god Mars 36 1 295 109 Diallo 8,159 Fula unclear (one of four common Fula surnames) 37 15 1134 5 Simon 7,533 French 40 25 797 7 Dumont 7,389 French of the mountain 45 30 1283 6 Leclercq 7,117 French the clerk 47 29 1119 8 Laurent 6,785 French from Laurentum 50 35 944 10 Denis 6,636 French Derived from Greek god of wine, Dionysus, but original etymology unclear 59 87 1638 9 Lejeune 6,246 French the young one 119 2 564 381 Bah 4,516 Fula unclear (one of four common Fula surnames) 234 3 1010 370 Barry 3,332 Fula unclear (one of four common Fula surnames) 318 5 1114 268 Nguyen 2,736 Vietnamese Sino-Vietnamese 阮 ('ruan') 451 4 1751 999 Sow 2,132 Fula unclear (one of four common Fula surnames) 956 10 2482 2970 Benali 1,267 Arabic son of Ali

Bosnia and Herzegovina

Bosniaks

Rank Surname Meaning 1 Hodžić Imam 2 Hadžić Hajji 3 Čengić Turkish for Genghis 4 Delić son of a delija (brave) 5 Demirović son of Demir 6 Kovačević son of the blacksmith 7 Tahirović son of Tahir 8 Ferhatović son of Ferhat 9 Muratović son of Murat 10 Ibrahimović son of Ibrahim 11 Hasanović son of Hasan 12 Mehmedović son of Mehmed 13 Salihović son of Salih 14 Terzić tailor 15 Ademović son of Adem 16 Adilović son of Adil 17 Delemović son of Delem 18 Zukić 19 Krličević 20 Suljić son of Suliman (Salomon) 21 Ahmetović son of Ahmad

Serbs

The following names are the most common names for Serbs from Bosnia and Herzegovina.

Rank Surname Meaning 1 Kovačević son of the blacksmith 2 Subotić of Saturday 3 Savić son of Sava 4 Popović son of the priest 5 Jovanović son of Jovan 6 Petrović son of Petar 7 Đurić son of Đura 8 Babić of grandmother, old woman 9 Lukić son of Luka 10 Knežević son of the prince 11 Marković son of Marko 12 Ilić son of Ilija 13 Đukić son of Đuka 14 Vuković son of Vuk/ of wolf 15 Vujić son of Vujo 16 Simić son of Simo 17 Radić son of Rade 18 Nikolić son of Nikola 19 Marić son of Mara 20 Mitrović son of Mitar 21 Tomić son of Toma/Tomo 22 Božić son of Božo 23 Golubović of dove/pigeon 24 Mirković son of Mirko

Bulgaria

Feminized names included (m. Dimitrov – f. Dimitrova). Figures are from 2018 and provided by the Bulgarian National Statistics Institute.Names 2018 nsi.bg

+ Statistic of the Bulgarian surnames Rank Surname Transliteration Number of males Number of females 1 Ivanov/Ivanova 136,125 141,183 2 Georgiev/Georgieva 105,209 108,302 3 Dimitrov/Dimitrova 101,020 104,754 4 Petrov/Petrova 67,804 71,082 5 Nikolov/Nikolova 58,189 61,339 6 Hristov/Hristova 53,818 57,034 7 Stoyanov/Stoyanova 53,088 56,387 8 Todorov/Todorova 52,139 54,275 9 Iliev/Ilieva 44,732 46,343 10 Angelov/Angelova 43,985 45,629

Croatia