The 2011 census of India or the 15th Indian census was conducted in two phases, house listing and population enumeration. The House listing phase began on 1 April 2010 and involved the collection of information about all buildings. Information for National Population Register (NPR) was also collected in the first phase, which will be used to issue a 12-digit unique identification number to all registered Indian residents by Unique Identification Authority of India. The second population enumeration phase was conducted between 9 and 28 February 2011. Census has been conducted in India since 1872 and 2011 marks the first time biometric information was collected. According to the provisional reports released on 31 March 2011, the Indian population increased to 1.21 billion with a decadal growth of 17.70%. Adult literacy rate increased to 74.04% with a decadal growth of 9.21%. The motto of the census was Our Census, Our Future.
Spread across 28 states and 8 union territories, the census covered 640 districts, 5,924 sub-districts, 7,935 towns and more than 600,000 villages. A total of 2.7 million officials visited households in 7,935 towns and 600,000 villages, classifying the population according to gender, religion, education and occupation. The cost of the exercise was approximately – this comes to less than per person, well below the estimated world average of per person.
Information on castes was included in the census following demands from several ruling coalition leaders including Lalu Prasad Yadav, and Mulayam Singh Yadav supported by opposition parties Bharatiya Janata Party, Shiromani Akali Dal, Shiv Sena and All India Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam. Information on caste was last collected during the British Raj in 1931. During the early census, people often exaggerated their caste status to garner social status and it is expected that people downgrade it now in the expectation of gaining government benefits. Earlier, there was speculation that there would be a caste-based census conducted in 2011, the first time in 80 years (last was in 1931), to find the exact population of the "Other Backward Classes" (OBCs) in India. This was later accepted and the Socio Economic and Caste Census 2011 was conducted whose first findings were revealed on 3 July 2015 by Central Finance Minister Arun Jaitley. Mandal Commission report of 1980 quoted OBC population at 52%, though National Sample Survey Organisation (NSSO) survey of 2006 quoted OBC population at 41%.
There is only one other instance of a caste count in post-independence India. It was conducted in Kerala in 1968 by the Government of Kerala under E. M. S. Namboodiripad to assess the social and economic backwardness of various lower castes. The census was termed Socio-Economic Survey of 1968 and the results were published in the Gazetteer of Kerala, 1971.G.O.K dew1971: Appendix XVIII
History C. Chandramouli IAS was the Registrar General and Census Commissioner of India for the 2011 Indian census. Census data was collected in 16 languages and the training manual was prepared in 18 languages. In 2011, India and Bangladesh also conducted their first-ever joint census of areas along their border. The census was conducted in two phases. The first, the house-listing phase, began on 1 April 2010 and involved collection of data about all the buildings and census houses. Information for the National Population Register was also collected in the first phase. The second, the population enumeration phase, was conducted from 9 – 28 February 2011 all over the country. The eradication of epidemics, the availability of more effective medicines for the treatment of various types of diseases and the improvement in the standard of living were the main reasons for the high decadal growth of population in India.
Information
House-listings The House-listing schedule contained 35 questions.
Building number / Census house number Predominant material of floor, wall and roof of the census house Ascertain use of actual house Condition of the census house Household number Total number of persons in the household Name of the head of the household Sex of the head Caste status (SC or ST or others) Ownership status of the house Number of dwelling rooms Number of married couples in the household Main source of drinking water Availability of drinking water source Main source of lighting Latrine within the premises Type of latrine facility Waste water outlet connection Bathing facility within the premises Availability of kitchen Fuel used for cooking Radio/Transistor Television Computer/Laptop Telephone/Mobile phone Bicycle Scooter/Motor cycle/Moped Car/Jeep/Van Availing Banking services
Population enumeration The Population enumeration schedule contained 30 questions.
Name of the person Relationship to head Sex Date of birth and age Current marital status Age at marriage Religion Scheduled Caste/Scheduled Tribe Disability Mother tongue Other languages known Literacy status Status of attendance (Education) Highest educational level attained Working any time during last year Category of economic activity Occupation Nature of industry Trade or service Class of worker Non economic activity Seeking or available for work Travel to place of work Birthplace Place of last residence Reason for migration Duration of stay in the place of migration Children surviving Children ever born Number of children born alive during last one year
National Population Register The National Population Register household schedule contained 9 questions.
Name of the person and resident status Name of the person as should appear in the population register Relationship to head Gender Date of birth Marital status Educational qualification Occupation/Activity Names of father, mother and spouse
Once the information was collected and digitised, fingerprints were taken and photos collected. Unique Identification Authority of India was to issue a 12-digit identification number to all individuals and the first ID have been issued in 2011.
Census report
Provisional data from the census was released on 31 March 2011 (and was updated on 20 May 2013). Transgender population was counted in population census in India for the first time in 2011. The overall sex ratio of the population is 943 females for every 1,000 males in 2011. The official count of the third gender in India is 490,000
Population Total 1,210,854,977 Males 623,724,568 Females 586,469,294Literacy Total 74% Males 82.10% Females 65.46%Density of populationper km2 382Sex ratioper 1000 males 943 femalesChild sex ratio (0–6 age group)per 1000 males 919 females
Population The population of India as per 2011 census was . India added 181.5 million to its population since 2001, slightly lower than the population of Brazil. India, with 2.4% of the world's surface area, accounts for 17.5% of its population. Uttar Pradesh is the most populous state with roughly 200 million people. Over half the population resided in the six most populous states of Uttar Pradesh, Maharashtra, Bihar, West Bengal, Andhra Pradesh and Madhya Pradesh. Alt URL Of the 1.21 billion Indians, 833 million (68.84%) live in rural areas while 377 million stay in urban areas. 453.6 million people in India are migrants, which is 37.8% of total population.
India is home to many religions such as Hinduism, Islam, Christianity, Buddhism, Sikhism and Jainism. It also is to several indigenous faiths and tribal religions which have been practiced alongside major religions for centuries. According to the 2011 census, the total number of households in India is 248.8 million. Of which 202.4 million are Hindu, 31.2 million are Muslim, 6.3 million are Christian, 4.1 million are Sikh, and 1.9 million are Jain. According to 2011 census, there are around 3.01 million places of worship in India.
+ Population distribution in India by states State / Union Territory (UT) Capital Type Population Males Females SexRatio Literacyrate (%) Population Area (km2) Density (1/km2) DecadalGrowth%(2001–11) number % of total Rural Urban Uttar Pradesh Lucknow State 199,812,341 104,480,510 95,331,831 912 155,111,022 44,470,455 240,928 828 20.1% Maharashtra Mumbai State 112,374,333 58,243,056 54,131,277 929 61,545,441 50,827,531 307,713 365 16.0% Bihar Patna State 104,099,452 54,278,157 49,821,295 918 92,075,028 11,729,609 94,163 1,102 25.1% West Bengal Kolkata State 91,276,115 46,809,027 44,467,088 950 62,213,676 29,134,060 88,752 1,030 13.9% Andhra Pradesh Hyderabad State 84,580,777 42,442,146 42,138,631 993 56,361,702 28,219,075 275,045 308 10.9% Madhya Pradesh Bhopal State 72,626,809 37,612,306 35,014,503 931 52,537,899 20,059,666 308,245 236 20.3% Tamil Nadu Chennai State 72,147,030 36,137,975 36,009,055 996 37,189,229 34,949,729 130,058 555 15.6% Rajasthan Jaipur State 68,548,437 35,550,997 32,997,440 928 51,540,236 17,080,776 342,239 201 21.4% Karnataka Bengaluru State 61,095,297 30,966,657 30,128,640 973 37,552,529 23,578,175 191,791 319 15.7% Gujarat Gandhinagar State 60,439,692 31,491,260 28,948,432 919 34,670,817 25,712,811 196,024 308 19.2% Odisha Bhubaneshwar State 41,974,218 21,212,136 20,762,082 979 34,951,234 6,996,124 155,707 269 14.0% Kerala Thiruvananthapuram State 33,406,061 16,027,412 17,378,649 1,084 17,445,506 15,932,171 38,863 859 4.9% Jharkhand Ranchi State 32,988,134 16,930,315 16,057,819 948 25,036,946 7,929,292 79,714 414 22.3% Assam Dispur State 31,205,576 15,939,443 15,266,133 958 26,780,526 4,388,756 78,438 397 16.9% Punjab Chandigarh State 27,743,338 14,639,465 13,103,873 895 17,316,800 10,387,436 50,362 550 13.7% Chhattisgarh Raipur State 25,545,198 12,832,895 12,712,303 991 19,603,658 5,936,538 135,191 189 22.6% Haryana Chandigarh State 25,351,462 13,494,734 11,856,728 879 16,531,493 8,821,588 44,212 573 19.9% Delhi Delhi UT 16,787,941 8,887,326 7,800,615 868 944,727 12,905,780 1,484 11,297 21% Jammu and Kashmir Jammu(winter)Srinagar(summer) State 12,541,302 6,640,662 5,900,640 889 9,134,820 3,414,106 222,236 56 23.7% Uttarakhand Dehradun State 10,086,292 5,137,773 4,948,519 963 7,025,583 3,091,169 53,483 189 19.2% Himachal Pradesh Shimla State 6,864,602 3,481,873 3,382,729 972 6,167,805 688,704 55,673 123 12.8% Tripura Agartala State 3,673,917 1,874,376 1,799,541 960 2,710,051 960,981 10,486 350 14.7% Meghalaya Shillong State 2,966,889 1,491,832 1,475,057 989 2,368,971 595,036 22,429 132 27.8% Manipur Imphal State 2,721,756 1,290,171 1,280,219 992 1,899,624 822,132 22,327 122 18.7% Nagaland Kohima State 1,978,502 1,024,649 953,853 931 1,406,861 573,741 16,579 119 −0.5% Goa Panaji State 1,458,545 739,140 719,405 973 551,414 906,309 3,702 394 8.2% Arunachal Pradesh Itanagar State 1,383,727 713,912 669,815 938 1,069,165 313,446 83,743 17 25.9% Puducherry Pondicherry UT 1,247,953 612,511 635,442 1,037 394,341 850,123 479 2,598 27.7% Mizoram Aizawl State 1,097,206 555,339 541,867 976 529,037 561,997 21,081 52 22.8% Chandigarh Chandigarh UT 1,055,450 580,663 474,787 818 29,004 1,025,682 114 9,252 17.1% Sikkim Gangtok State 610,577 323,070 287,507 890 455,962 151,726 7,096 86 12.4% Andaman and Nicobar Islands Port Blair UT 380,581 202,871 177,710 876 244,411 135,533 8,249 46 6.7% Dadra and Nagar Haveli Silvassa UT 343,709 193,760 149,949 774 183,024 159,829 491 698 55.5% Daman and Diu Daman UT 243,247 150,301 92,946 618 60,331 182,580 112 2,169 53.5% Lakshadweep Kavaratti UT 64,473 33,123 31,350 946 14,121 50,308 32 2,013 6.2% India 1,210,854,977 623,724,248 586,469,174 943 833,087,662 377,105,760 3,287,240 382 17.64%
Religious demographics