Pedersen is a surname. It may also refer to:

Pedersen rifle, a semi-automatic rifle designed by John Pedersen .276 Pedersen, an experimental cartridge used in the Pedersen rifle Pedersen bicycle, designed by Mikael Pedersen Pedersen v. Office of Personnel Management, an American federal lawsuit 3312 Pedersen, an asteroid

See also Pedersen commitment, a cryptographic technique Pedersen device, an attachment developed during World War I for the M1903 Springfield rifle Pedersen index, measure of electoral volatility in party systems Pedersen's law, a linguistic law