Sabah State Legislative Assembly

The Sabah State Legislative Assembly () is a part of the legislature of Sabah, Malaysia, the other being the governor of Sabah. The assembly meets at the Sabah Legislative Assembly Building at Likas in the state capital of Kota Kinabalu.

This unicameral legislature currently has 73 seats representing state constituencies elected through a first-past-the-post electoral system across the state.

Like at the federal level in Malaysia, Sabah uses a Westminster-style parliamentary government, in which members are elected to the legislative assembly through general elections, from which the chief minister and the cabinet are appointed based on majority support. The chief minister is head of government, while the governor acts as head of state. The largest party not forming the government is known as the official opposition, its leader being recognised as leader of the opposition by the speaker.

Members of the assembly refer to themselves as "Members of the Legislative Assembly" (MLAs) and sometimes as "state assemblymen".

The most recent assembly was elected on 29 November 2025. 73 members were elected into the 17th Sabah Legislative Assembly.

Lawmaking In accordance with the traditions of the Westminster system, most laws originate with the cabinet (government bills) and are passed by the legislature after stages of debate and decision-making. Ordinary members may introduce privately (private members' bills), play an integral role in scrutinising bills in debate and committee and amending bills presented to the legislature by cabinet.

Officeholders

Chair occupants Chair occupants of the assembly are appointed by the governor on the chief minister's advice. Kadzim M. Yahya (BN-UMNO) has been the speaker since 8 October 2020. He is assisted by two Deputy Speakers, Al Hambra Juhar (Independent) and Richard Yong We Kong (SAPP) who were both appointed on 19 June 2023.

Chief Minister The Chief Minister of Sabah is appointed by the Governor of Sabah as the MLA likely to command the confidence of the majority in the assembly. He leads the Cabinet of Sabah, which is the executive branch of the state government. Following the 2025 Sabah State Elections, YAB Datuk Seri Panglima Hajiji Noor (GAGASAN-GRS), MLA for Sulaman, was appointed for a second term as Chief Minister.

Leader of the Opposition The Leader of the Opposition is the leader of the largest party represented in the State Assembly not forming the government. Following the 2025 Sabah State Elections, YB Datuk Seri Panglima Mohd. Shafie Apdal (WARISAN), MLA for Senallang, is likely to be appointed as the leader of the Opposition in the new legislative term.

Officers Speaker and Deputy Speaker The Governor, on the advice of the Chief Minister, appoints one person from the membership of the Assembly or, in deviation from traditional Westminster practices, from non-members who are qualified to be elected as members of the Assembly, as the presiding officer of the Assembly, known as the Speaker, and another person from the membership of the Assembly to be Deputy Speaker. The lengths of their service are specified by the letters patent that appointed them; however, their term may end premature if they no longer qualify for the membership of the Assembly, they resign, or the Governor terminates their speakership on the advice of the Chief Minister. The Speaker is also disqualified from the chair if they have any personal interest in another organisation; the Deputy Speaker does not need to vacate their office if they have such interests, but is barred from presiding over any matter that affects their interests.

The Speaker or Deputy Speaker presides from a chair at the front of the chamber (opposite the entrance). A member who believes that a rule (or Standing Order) has been breached may raise a , on which the Speaker makes a ruling that is not subject to any appeal. The Speaker may discipline members who fail to observe the rules of the Assembly. The Speaker or Deputy Speaker remain members of their respective parties while holding the speakership, but they are required by convention to act impartially while presiding over the Assembly. A Speaker or Deputy Speaker who is also an elected member of the Assembly retain voting rights, but by convention does not vote in proceedings they preside over except to break a tie, only doing so according to Speaker Denison's rule.

The following are the Speakers of the Sabah Legislative Assembly since 1963: No.SpeakerTerm startTerm endPartyConstituency1Sir George N. Oehlers23 September 196322 September 1964 INDNon-MLA2Haji Mohd. Kassim Haji Hashim23 September 196424 September 19753Abdul Momin Haji Kalakhan24 September 197510 May 19784Haji Mohd. Sunoh Marso11 May 197829 March 1986BERJAYALahad Datu BN (BERJAYA)5Pandikar Amin Haji Mulia31 March 198630 November 1987 BN (USNO)Non-MLA6Haji Hassan Alban Sandukong8 December 19874 December 2002Non-MLA7Juhar bin Haji Mahiruddin5 December 200231 December 2010 BN (UMNO)Non-MLA8Salleh Said Keruak31 December 201028 July 2015 BN (UMNO)Non-MLAUsukan9Syed Abas Syed Ali7 August 20156 October 2020 BN (UMNO)Balung INDNon-MLA10Kadzim M Yahya8 October 2020Incumbent BN (UMNO)Non-MLA

Secretary and Deputy Secretary The Secretary and Deputy Secretary of the Legislative Assembly are civil servants that serve as the chief advisers of procedural matters, as well as head the day-to-day administration of the Assembly. They serve a similar role to the Clerk of the House of Commons in the United Kingdom, advising the Speaker on the rules and procedure of the Assembly, signing orders and official communications, and signing and endorsing bills. They are permanent officials and not members of the Assembly. The Governor has the sole power to appoint or remove them.

Other officers The maintains the law, order and security of the Assembly, within the chamber and on the premises of the Assembly building. The Serjeant-at-Arms also carries the ceremonial mace, a symbol of the authority of the Governor and of the Legislative Assembly, into the chamber each day in front of the Speaker, and the mace is laid upon the Table of the Assembly during sittings.

Committees The Legislative Assembly uses committees for a variety of purposes, e.g. for the review of bills. Committees consider bills in detail, and may make amendments. Bills of great constitutional importance, as well as some important financial measures, are usually committed to the , a body that includes all members of the Assembly. This committee sits in the main chamber itself.

Committees can also be created for any purpose – these are known as Select Committees. However, the Select Committees of the Assembly primarily handle administrative matters of the chamber. For example, the Selection and Standing Orders Committee meet to select members of other committees as well as consider changes to the Standing Orders; the Public Petitions Committee handles petitions of any matter from the public; and the Privileges Committee considers questions of parliamentary privilege, as well as matters relating to the conduct of the members. (in Malay). Dewan Undangan Negeri Sabah. Committees need to be re-established at the beginning of each term.

List of Assemblies

AssemblyTermbeganMembersCabinetGoverning parties2nd196325Fuad Stephens I (1963–1964) Sabah Alliance (1963–1964) Sabah Alliance (1964)Peter Lo Su Yin (1965–1967)Sabah Alliance 3rd196732Mustapha ISabah Alliance 4th197132Mustapha II (1971–1975) Sabah Alliance (1971–1974)BN (1974–1975)Mohammad Said (1975–1976)Sabah Alliance 5th197648Fuad Stephens II (1976) BERJAYAHaris I (1976–1981)BN 6th198148Haris IIBN 7th198548Pairin IPBS–PASOK8th198648Pairin IIBN 9th199048Pairin IIIBN (1990) GR (1990–1993) PBS–USNO (1993–1994)10th199448Pairin IV (1994)PBSSakaran (1994) Md Salleh (1994–1996) Yong Teck Lee (1996–1998) Bernard Dompok (1998–1999) BN (1994–1995) BN (1995–1996) BN (1996–1999)11th199948Osu (1999–2001) Chong Kah Kiat (2001–2003) Musa I (2003–2004) BN (1999–2003) BN (2003–2004)12th200460Musa IIBN 13th200860Musa III BN (2008) BN (2008–2013)14th201360Musa IV BN (2013–2015) BN (2015–2018) 15th201860Musa V (2018) BN –STARShafie (2018-2020) Warisan–PH –UPKO (2018–2019) Warisan–PH –UPKO (2019–2020) Warisan–PH –UPKO (2020)16th202073Hajiji I PN –BN –PBS (September 2020–March 2022) GRS –BN –PN –KDM–PHRS–PBM (March–December 2022) GRS –BN –PH –PN –KDM–PHRS–PBM (December 2022–January 2023) GRS –PH –PN –KDM (January 2023–October 2025)17th202573Hajiji II GRS –BN –UPKO–PH –STAR–KDM–PN (December 2025–June 2026) GRS –BN –PH –STAR–KDM–PN (June 2026–August 2026) GRS –BN –PH –STAR–PN (August 2026–present)

Sabah State Legislative Assembly

Bron en licentie