The Salles des Croisades ("Hall of Crusades") is a set of rooms located in the north wing of the Palace of Versailles.
The rooms were created in the mid-19th century by King Louis-Philippe for his museum of French history, and opened in 1843, at a time when France was seized with enthusiasm with its historical past, and especially the Crusades period.The crusades, Christianity, and Islam by Jonathan Simon Christopher Riley-Smith p.54 The rooms are filled with over 120 paintings related to the Crusades. King Louis-Philippe included the names of the thousands of family whose ancestors went to the Crusades, encouraging many forgeries at that time.The Crusades: the essential readings by Thomas F. Madden p.131
First room paintings
Painting Title Painter Year Depicted (if applicable)Philip Augustus takes the banner to Saint-DenisPierre Révoil24 June 1190Raising the siege of SalernoEugène Roger1016Battle of CivitellaAdolphe Roger18 June 1053Battle of CeramiProsper Lafaye1061Henry of Burgundy receives the royal investiture of PortugalClaudes Jacquand1094Passage of the BosphorusÉmile Signol1096Emperor Alexis Komnenos receives Peter the Hermit in ConstantinopleGillot Saint-Evre1096Adoption of Godfrey of Bouillon by Emperor Alexis I KomnenosAlexandre Hesse1097Battle under the walls of NiceaHenry Serrur1097Baldwin seizes the city of Edessa (Arrival of Baldwin, Count of Flanders, at Edessa)Joseph-Nicolas Robert-Fleury1097The siege of Antioch by the CrusadersLouis Gallait3 June 1098Battle under the walls of AntiochHenri Frédéric Schopin28 June 1098Combat of Harim (Harene)Oscar Gué9 February 1098Siege of MarrahHenri Decaisne1098One-on-one combat of Robert, Duke of Normandy, with a Saracen warrior under the walls of AntiochJean-Joseph Dassy1098Siege of AlbareÉdouard PingretSeptember 1098Siege of JerusalemÉmile Signol15 July 1099Godfrey of Bouillon is chosen as King of JerusalemFederico de Madrazo23 July 1099Bohemond I, Prince of AntiochMerry-Joseph BlondelRoger I, Count of SicilyMerry-Joseph BlondelRaymond IV, Count of ToulouseMerry-Joseph BlondelOdo I, Duke of BurgundyMerry-Joseph BlondelRobert Guiscart, Duke of Apulia and CalabriaMerry-Joseph Blondel
Second room paintings
Painting Painter Year Depicted (If applicable)Godfrey of Bouillion hangs the trophies of Antioch on the Vaults of the Church of the Holy SepulchreFrançois Marius GranetAugust 1099Battle of AscalonJean-Victor Schnetz12 August 1099Funeral of Godfrey of BouilionÉdouard Cibot23 July 1100Siege (surrender) of TripoliCharles-Alexandre Debacq12 July 1109Battle of JaffaHenry Serrur27 May 1102Siege of BeirutEugene le Poittevin13 May 1110Raymond of Puy takes body of Turks as prisoners?1130Defense (victory) of northern (?) Syria by Raymond of Puy, grand master of the Knights HospitallersÉdouard Cibot1130Preaching the Second Crusade in Vézelay in BurgundyÉmile Signol31 March 1146Knights Templars’ chapter held in Paris under the Grand Master, Robert of BurgundyFrançois Marius Granet1147Eleanor of Guyenne takes the cross with the women of the courtFranz Xaver Winterhalter1147Louis VII takes the oriflamme to Saint DenisJean-Baptiste Mauzaesse1147Surprise of the Camp of Nur ad-Din, Sultan of Aleppo?1150Allain Fergent, Duke of BrittanyÉdouard OdierJosselin of Courtenay, Count of EdessaÉdouard OdierBaldwin II, King of JerusalemÉdouard OdierEustace III, Count of BoulogneÉdouard OdierSaint Louis Mediating Between the King of England and His BaronsGeorges Rouget23 January 1264
Third room paintings
PaintingPainterYear Depicted (If Applicable)Preaching the first crusade to Clermont in AuvergneHendrik SchefferNovember 1095Tancred's Siege of BethlehemPierre Révoil7 June 1099Procession of the Crusaders around Jerusalem, the day before the siege of the city, 14 July 1099Jean-Victor Schnetz14 July 1099Godfrey of Boullion holds the first Conference of the kingdom of JerusalemPierre-Jules JollivetJanuary 1100Institution of the Knights HospitallersHenri Decaisne15 February 1113Siege of Tyre by the crusadersAlexandre-François Caminade7 July 1124Institution of the Knights Templars François Marius Granet1123Pope Eugenius receives the ambassadors of Baldwin III, King of JerusalemHortense Haudebourt-Lescot1145Siege of Lisbon by the crusadersAugustus Desmoulins24 October 1147Louis VII defends himself against seven Saracens Antoine-Félix BoisselierJanuary 1148Louis VII, Emperor Conrad, and Baldwin III, deliberate at Ptolemais (Acre) on the conduct of the holy warCharles-Alexandre Debacq1191Siege of Ascalon Sébastien Cornu19 August 1153Battle of PutahaÉloi Firmin Féron1159Combat near Nazareth?1 May 1187Ptolemais (Acre) returns to King Philip Augustus and King Richard the LionheartMerry-Joseph Blondel12 July 1191Margaret of France, Queen of Hungary, leads the Hungarians to the crusadeÉdouard Pingret1196Siege of Constantinople by the crusadersEugène Delacroix1204Siege of Damietta by John of BrienneHenri Delaborde5 November 1219Raising of the siege of RhodesÉdouard Odier17 August 1480Entrance of the Knights Hospitallers into ViterboAugustus Debay1527The Knights Hospitallers take possession of the island of MaltaRené Théodore Berthon26 October 1530Raising the siege of MaltaCharles-Philippe LarivièreSeptember 1565Pierre of Aubusson, master of the Knights HospitallersÉdouard OdierJohn, Lord of JoinvilleMerry-Joseph BlondelCharles of France, Count of AnjouHenri DecaisnePhillip of Villiers of l'Isle-adam, Grand Master of the Knights HospitallersGillot Saint-EvreJacques de Molay, Grand Master of the Knights TemplarsEugène Emmanuel Amaury DuvalLouis IX, King of FranceÉmile SignolRobert of France, Count of ArtoisHenri DecaisneAlphonse of France, Count of PointersHenri DecaisneRichard the Lionheart, King of EnglandMerry-Joseph BlondelSaint Bernard of ClairvauxLeon de Lestang-ParadePhilip Augustus, King of FranceEmile SignolAlbéric Clément, Marshal of MayHenri DecaisneFoulques de Villaret, Grand Master of the Knights HospitallersEugène Goyet1305-1319Raymond of Puy, Grand Master of the Knights HospitallerAlexandre LaemleinLouis VII, King of FranceÉmile SignolHenry I, Count of ChampagneHenri DecaisneHugh of Payens, Grand Master of the Knights TemplarsHenri LehmannBaldwin I, King of JerusalemMerry-Joseph BlondelGodfrey of Bouillon?Robert II of Flanders, the JerusalemiteHenri DecaisneRobert III Curthose of NormandyHenri DecaisneTancred, prince of TiberiasMerry-Joseph BlondelBattle of Las Navas de Tolosa between the Spanish and the MoorsHorace Vernet16 July 1212Peter the HermitLéon de Lestang-ParadeHugh of France, Count of VermandoisHenri DecaisneAdhemar of Monteil, Bishop of PuyMerry-Joseph BlondelJohn Parisot of La Valette, Grand Master of the Knights HospitallersCharles-Philippe Larivière
Fourth room paintings
PaintingPainterYear Depicted (If Applicable)Reception of John of Brienne in Ptolemais?13 September 1210Landing of Saint Louis in EgyptGeorges Rouget5 June 1249Saint Louis receives the patriarch of Jerusalem in DamiettaOscar Gué1249Gaucher of Châtillon defends the only entrance of a street in the neighborhood of Munyat Abû AbdallahKarl Girardet6 April 1250William of Clermont defends PtolemaisDominique PapetyMay 1291Siege of Rhodes by the Knights HospitallersÉloi Firmin Féron13 August 1310Defense of Rhodes against the Ottoman SultanGustaf Wappers1315Naval battle won by the Knights Hospitallers; siege of the island of Episkopi (Tilos) by the Ottoman TurksAugustus Mayer1323Siege of Smyrna by the Knights of RhodesCharles-Alexandre Debacq28 October 1344Naval battle of Embro (Imbros) won by the Knights HospitallersEugène Lepoittevin1347The Knights Hospitallers reestablish religion in ArmeniaHenri Delaborde1347Siege of the Citadel of JaffaÉdouard Girardet31 July 1191The Marshal of Boucicault defends Constantinople against the sultan BajezetJean-Pierre Granger1402Chapter of the Knights Hospitaller, convened at Rhodes by the Grand Master Fabrizio del Carretto to deliberate over the defense of the island against the TurksClaudius Jacquand1514Boucicault, known as John of Meingre, Marshal of FranceAlexandre LaemleinPhilip III, called the Adventurous, King of FranceAlexandre LaemleinJohn Bonpar of Lastic, Grand Master of the Order of the Knights of RhodesAlexandre Genet
Fifth room paintings
PaintingPainterYear Depicted (If Applicable)Battle of Ascalon (Battle of Mongisard, near Ascalon)Philip larivière25 November 1177Interview of Philip Augustus and Henry II at GisorsGillot Saint-Evre21 January 1188Battle of Arsuf 1191Éloi Firmin Féron7 September 1191Defeat of Malek-Adel between Tyre and Sidon?1197Siege of Beirut by Amaury IIAlexandre Hesse24 October 1197Baldwin, Count of Flanders, crowned Emperor of ConstantinopleLouis Gallait6 May 1204The Assembly of crusaders in the church of Saint Mark (Geoffrey of Villehardouin asks Venice for vessels to transport the Crusaders to Palestine)Charles-Caïus Renoux1201Boniface of Montfort chosen as leader of the Fourth CrusadePierre-Antoine Labouchère1201Andrew, King of Hungary, becomes an associate of the Knights Hospitallers1208Conrad of Montferrat, King of JerusalemFrançois-Édouard PicotJohn of Brienne, Emperor of ConstantinopleFrançois-Édouard PicotGuy of Lusignan, King of JerusalemFrançois-Édouard PicotBaldwin I, Emperor of ConstantinopleFrançois-Édouard PicotFrederick Barbarossa, Holy Roman EmperorFrançois-Édouard Picot
Gallery
See also Musée de l'Histoire de France (Versailles)
References