The year 1531 in science and technology included many events, some of which are listed here.
Astronomy Halley's Comet makes its only appearance this century (Perihelion: August 26).
Earth sciences January 26 – Lisbon, Portugal, is hit by an earthquake.
Technology Autumn – Kõpu Lighthouse first lit on the Estonian island of Hiiumaa; it will remain in continuous use into the 21st century.
Births June 1 – János Zsámboky, Hungarian physician and scholar (died 1584) Agostino Ramelli, Italian engineer (died c. 1600)
Deaths February 16 – Johannes Stöffler, German mathematician (born 1452) March 28 − Nicholas Leonicus Thomaeus, Italian scholar and professor of philosophy (born 1456) prob. date – Antonio Pigafetta, Italian circumnavigator (born c. 1491)
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