Acridoidea is the largest superfamily of grasshoppers in the order Orthoptera with over 11,000 species found on every continent except Antarctica.
Classification Orthoptera Species File includes the following families: Acrididae MacLeay, 1821 Dericorythidae Jacobson & Bianchi, 1905 Lathiceridae Dirsh, 1954 Lentulidae Dirsh, 1956: now includes Lithidiidae Dirsh, 1961 Ommexechidae Bolívar, 1884 Pamphagidae Burmeister, 1840 Pamphagodidae Bolívar, 1884 Pyrgacrididae Kevan, 1974 Romaleidae Pictet & Saussure, 1887 Tristiridae Rehn, 1906 incertae sedis Microtmethis Karny, 1910 (monotypic)
Chromosomes Among the families Acrididae, Ommexechidae and Romaleidae there is reported to be chromosomal stability with a high frequency of species harbouring diploid number (2n) of 23♂/24♀ chromosomes. In species of Acrididae and Romaleidae it is common to have acrocentric chromosomes with a fundamental number (FN), i.e. number of chromosome arms, of 23♂/24♀. However, chromosomal rearrangements are frequently found as deviations from the standard acrocentric karyotype. In the subfamily Ommexechinae most species show a unique karyotype (2n = 23♂/24♀, FN = 25♂/26♀) due to the occurrence of a large autosomal pair (L1) with submetacentric morphology. There is some support for 'Mesa's hypothesis' of an ancestral pericentric inversion in the ancestor of Ommexechinae to explain this karyotype variation.
References