Camillina is a genus of ground spiders (family Gnaphosidae) that was first described by Albert Tullgren in 1910 using the unavailable name Camilla. Lucien Berland in 1919 published the replacement name Camillina. They are very similar to the sister genus Zelotes.
They are common ground dwellers often sampled in pitfall traps.
Taxonomy The genus was erected by Albert Tullgren in 1910 using the name Camilla. However, this had already been used in 1838 for a genus of flies. Accordingly, in 1919 Lucien Berland published the replacement name Camillina. The superfluous replacement name Camillana was published by Embrik Strand in 1928.
Description
Species of genus Camillina can be distinguished from all other gnaphosids by the combined presence of a preening comb on metatarsi III and IV, large and almost touching posterior median eyes, and specific genital features. The male pedipalp has a prolaterally situated, bifid terminal apophysis and medially situated, recessed embolar base, while females have a median epigynal plate.
The body coloration is typically light brown, with the opisthosoma often testaceous. The carapace is longer than wide. The anterior row of eyes, when viewed from the front, is procurved with the lateral eyes larger than the median ones. The posterior row of eyes, when viewed from above, is distinctly procurved with the median eyes larger than the laterals, angular, and contiguous posteriorly.
The sternum is narrower and more oval, measuring 1.25-1.5 times as long as broad and about 1.5 times as broad at the point of greatest width as anteriorly. The abdomen is long and oval. The legs bear preening combs on metatarsi III and IV, consisting of apical combs of long bristles usually on the undersurface.
Species , this genus includes 77 species:
Camillina aldabrae (Strand, 1907) – Central, South Africa, Seychelles. Introduced to Malaysia (Borneo) Camillina antigua Platnick & Shadab, 1982 – Guatemala, Honduras Camillina arequipa Platnick & Shadab, 1982 – Peru Camillina balboa Platnick & Shadab, 1982 – Panama, Colombia Camillina bimini Platnick & Shadab, 1982 – Bahamas Camillina biplagia Tucker, 1923 – South Africa Camillina bonaldoi Xavier, Ott & Saturnino, 2020 – Brazil Camillina brasiliensis Müller, 1987 – Brazil Camillina caldas Platnick & Shadab, 1982 – Brazil Camillina calel Platnick & Shadab, 1982 – Argentina Camillina campeche Platnick & Shadab, 1982 – Mexico Camillina capensis Platnick & Murphy, 1987 – South Africa Camillina cauca Platnick & Shadab, 1982 – Colombia Camillina cayman Platnick & Shadab, 1982 – Cayman Islands Camillina chiapa Platnick & Shadab, 1982 – Mexico Camillina chilensis (Simon, 1902) – Brazil, Chile, Juan Fernandez Islands Camillina chincha Platnick & Shadab, 1982 – Peru Camillina claro Platnick & Shadab, 1982 – Brazil Camillina colon Platnick & Shadab, 1982 – Panama Camillina cordifera (Tullgren, 1910) – Egypt, Cape Verde, Central, Southern Africa, Seychelles (type species) Camillina cordoba Platnick & Murphy, 1987 – Argentina Camillina cruz Platnick & Shadab, 1982 – Galapagos Camillina cui Platnick & Murphy, 1987 – Paraguay Camillina desecheonis (Petrunkevitch, 1930) – Puerto Rico Camillina elegans (Bryant, 1940) – Caribbean. Introduced to Angola, Pacific islands Camillina europaea Dalmas, 1922 – Italy Camillina fiana Platnick & Murphy, 1987 – Madagascar, Comoros Camillina gaira Platnick & Shadab, 1982 – Colombia, Caribbean Camillina galapagoensis (Banks, 1902) – Galapagos Camillina galianoae Platnick & Murphy, 1987 – Argentina Camillina huanta Platnick & Shadab, 1982 – Peru Camillina isabela Platnick & Murphy, 1987 – Galapagos Camillina isla Platnick & Shadab, 1982 – Galapagos Camillina javieri Alayón, 2004 – Cuba Camillina jeris Platnick & Shadab, 1982 – Curaçao Camillina kaibos Platnick & Murphy, 1987 – Ivory Coast, Kenya Camillina kochalkai Platnick & Murphy, 1987 – Paraguay Camillina kuarup Xavier, Ott & Saturnino, 2020 – Brazil Camillina longipes (Nicolet, 1849) – Chile Camillina madrejon Platnick & Murphy, 1987 – Paraguay Camillina mahnerti Platnick & Murphy, 1987 – Paraguay Camillina major (Keyserling, 1891) – Brazil, Argentina Camillina marmorata (Mello-Leitão, 1943) – Argentina, Bolivia Camillina maun Platnick & Murphy, 1987 – Zambia, Namibia, Botswana, South Africa Camillina mauryi Platnick & Murphy, 1987 – Argentina Camillina merida Platnick & Shadab, 1982 – Venezuela Camillina minuta (Mello-Leitão, 1941) – Argentina Camillina mogollon Platnick & Shadab, 1982 – Peru Camillina mona Platnick & Shadab, 1982 – Jamaica Camillina namibensis Platnick & Murphy, 1987 – Namibia Camillina nevada Platnick & Shadab, 1982 – Colombia Camillina nevis Platnick & Shadab, 1982 – Caribbean Camillina nova Platnick & Shadab, 1982 – Brazil, Paraguay, Argentina Camillina oruro Platnick & Shadab, 1982 – Bolivia, Peru, Argentina Camillina pavesii (Simon, 1897) – South Saharan Africa Camillina pecki Baert, 1994 – Galapagos Camillina pedestris (O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1898) – Mexico Camillina penai Platnick & Murphy, 1987 – Chile, Peru Camillina pernambuco Müller, 1987 – Brazil Camillina pilar Platnick & Murphy, 1987 – Paraguay, Argentina Camillina piura Platnick & Shadab, 1982 – Peru Camillina procurva (Purcell, 1908) – Namibia, South Africa Camillina puebla Platnick & Shadab, 1982 – Mexico, Honduras Camillina pulchra (Keyserling, 1891) – Brazil, Argentina. Introduced to United States Camillina punta Platnick & Shadab, 1982 – Peru Camillina recife Müller, 1987 – Brazil Camillina relucens (Simon, 1893) – Venezuela Camillina rogeri Alayón, 1993 – Cuba Camillina samariensis Müller, 1988 – Colombia Camillina sandrae Baert, 1994 – Galapagos Camillina setosa Tucker, 1923 – South Africa Camillina shaba FitzPatrick, 2005 – DR Congo Camillina suya Xavier, Ott & Saturnino, 2020 – Brazil Camillina tarapaca Platnick & Shadab, 1982 – Chile Camillina taruma Platnick & Höfer, 1990 – Brazil Camillina tsima Platnick & Murphy, 1987 – Madagascar Camillina ventana Ferreira, Zambonato & Lise, 2004 – Argentina
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