A total solar eclipse occurred at the Moon's descending node of orbit on Tuesday, November 19, 1816, with a magnitude of 1.0233. A solar eclipse occurs when the Moon passes between Earth and the Sun, thereby totally or partly obscuring the image of the Sun for a viewer on Earth. A total solar eclipse occurs when the Moon's apparent diameter is larger than the Sun's, blocking all direct sunlight, turning day into darkness. Totality occurs in a narrow path across Earth's surface, with the partial solar eclipse visible over a surrounding region thousands of kilometres wide. Occurring about 1.7 days before perigee (on November 17, 1816, at 17:10 UTC), the Moon's apparent diameter was larger.
The path of totality was visible from parts of modern-day Norway, Sweden, Poland, western Ukraine, Romania, Turkey, Syria, Iraq, Iran, Afghanistan, Pakistan, northern India, and western China. A partial solar eclipse was also visible for parts of Europe, North Africa, Northeast Africa, the Middle East, Central Asia, and South Asia.
Observations
From Germany, this total eclipse could not be seen with clouded sky except by few observers at Pomerania only.ON THE ECLIPSES AND OCCULTATIONS SEEN IN GERMANY IN THE PAST
Capel Lofft observed this eclipse from Ipswich.
Eclipse details Shown below are two tables displaying details about this particular solar eclipse. The first table outlines times at which the Moon's penumbra or umbra attains the specific parameter, and the second table describes various other parameters pertaining to this eclipse.
+November 19, 1816 Solar Eclipse Times Event Time (UTC) First Penumbral External Contact 1816 November 19 at 08:01:46.3 UTC First Umbral External Contact 1816 November 19 at 09:20:18.4 UTC First Central Line 1816 November 19 at 09:21:02.3 UTC First Umbral Internal Contact 1816 November 19 at 09:21:46.7 UTC Equatorial Conjunction 1816 November 19 at 09:47:11.3 UTC Ecliptic Conjunction 1816 November 19 at 10:08:45.7 UTC Greatest Eclipse 1816 November 19 at 10:17:22.4 UTC Greatest Duration 1816 November 19 at 10:17:35.6 UTC Last Umbral Internal Contact 1816 November 19 at 11:13:19.6 UTC Last Central Line 1816 November 19 at 11:14:01.9 UTC Last Umbral External Contact 1816 November 19 at 11:14:43.9 UTC Last Penumbral External Contact 1816 November 19 at 12:33:14.9 UTC
+November 19, 1816 Solar Eclipse Parameters Parameter Value Eclipse Magnitude 1.02326 Eclipse Obscuration 1.04707 Gamma 0.84075 Sun Right Ascension 15h38m54.9s Sun Declination -19°30'48.2" Sun Semi-Diameter 16'11.7" Sun Equatorial Horizontal Parallax 08.9" Moon Right Ascension 15h40m03.9s Moon Declination -18°42'56.6" Moon Semi-Diameter 16'25.6" Moon Equatorial Horizontal Parallax 1°00'17.2" ΔT 12.2 s
Eclipse season
This eclipse is part of an eclipse season, a period, roughly every six months, when eclipses occur. Only two (or occasionally three) eclipse seasons occur each year, and each season lasts about 35 days and repeats just short of six months (173 days) later; thus two full eclipse seasons always occur each year. Either two or three eclipses happen each eclipse season. In the sequence below, each eclipse is separated by a fortnight.
+ Eclipse season of November–December 1816 November 19Descending node (new moon) December 4Ascending node (full moon) Total solar eclipseSolar Saros 120 Partial lunar eclipseLunar Saros 132
Related eclipses Eclipses in 1816 An annular solar eclipse on May 27. A total lunar eclipse on June 10. A total solar eclipse on November 19. A partial lunar eclipse on December 4.
Metonic Preceded by: Solar eclipse of February 1, 1813 Followed by: Solar eclipse of September 7, 1820
Tzolkinex Preceded by: Solar eclipse of October 9, 1809 Followed by: Solar eclipse of January 1, 1824
Half-Saros Preceded by: Lunar eclipse of November 15, 1807 Followed by: Lunar eclipse of November 25, 1825
Tritos Preceded by: Solar eclipse of December 21, 1805 Followed by: Solar eclipse of October 20, 1827
Solar Saros 120 Preceded by: Solar eclipse of November 8, 1798 Followed by: Solar eclipse of November 30, 1834
Inex Preceded by: Solar eclipse of December 9, 1787 Followed by: Solar eclipse of October 30, 1845
Triad Preceded by: Solar eclipse of January 18, 1730 Followed by: Solar eclipse of September 21, 1903
Solar eclipses of 1816–1819
The partial solar eclipses on March 25, 1819 and September 19, 1819 occur in the next lunar year eclipse set.
Solar eclipse series sets from 1816 to 1819 Ascending node Descending node Saros Map Gamma Saros Map Gamma 115 May 27, 1816Annular −0.9492 120 November 19, 1816Total 0.8408 125 May 16, 1817Annular −0.2049 130 November 9, 1817Total 0.1487 135 May 5, 1818Annular 0.5440 140 October 29, 1818Total −0.5524 145 April 24, 1819Partial 1.2579 150 October 19, 1819Partial −1.3226
Saros 120
Metonic series All eclipses in this table occur at the Moon's descending node.
22 eclipse events between September 8, 1801 and September 7, 1877September 7–8June 26–27April 14–15January 31–February 1November 19–20112114116118120September 8, 1801June 26, 1805April 14, 1809February 1, 1813November 19, 1816122124126128130September 7, 1820June 26, 1824April 14, 1828February 1, 1832November 20, 1835132134136138140September 7, 1839June 27, 1843April 15, 1847February 1, 1851November 20, 1854142144146148150September 7, 1858June 27, 1862April 15, 1866January 31, 1870November 20, 1873152September 7, 1877
Tritos series
Inex series
Notes
References
NASA chart graphics Googlemap NASA Besselian elements The 1816 Solar Eclipse and the Comet 1811I in Linnell's Astronomical Album JOURN. HISTORY OF ASTRONOMY V.23, NO. 2/MAY, P.121, 1992