A total solar eclipse occurred at the Moon's ascending node of orbit on Wednesday, August 30, 1905, with a magnitude of 1.0477. A solar eclipse occurs when the Moon passes between Earth and the Sun, thereby totally or partly obscuring the image of the Sun for a viewer on Earth. A total solar eclipse occurs when the Moon's apparent diameter is larger than the Sun's, blocking all direct sunlight, turning day into darkness. Totality occurs in a narrow path across Earth's surface, with the partial solar eclipse visible over a surrounding region thousands of kilometres wide. Occurring about 1.9 days before perigee (on September 1, 1905, at 11:10 UTC), the Moon's apparent diameter was larger.

Totality was visible from Canada, Newfoundland Colony (now belonging to Canada), Spain, French Algeria (now Algeria), French Tunisia (now Tunisia), Ottoman Tripolitania (now Libya) include the capital Tripoli, Egypt, Ottoman Empire (the parts now belonging to Saudi Arabia) including Mecca, Emirate of Jabal Shammar (now belonging to Saudi Arabia), Aden Protectorate (now belonging to Yemen), and Muscat and Oman (now Oman). A partial eclipse was visible for parts of Eastern North America, Europe, Northern Africa, Central Africa, and West Asia.

This eclipse was observed from Arija and Alcalà de Xivert in Spain. It was also observed by members of the British Astronomical Association from various locations. It was the last total solar eclipse visible in Spain until the eclipse of August 12, 2026.

Observations Teams of the United States Naval Observatory observed the eclipse from three different locations. Two were near the centerline of the path of totality: Daroca, Spain, at an altitude of , and Guelma, French Algeria, at an altitude of . The third was near the southern edge of the path of totality, at Porta Coeli Charterhouse, Valencia, Spain, at an altitude of . The leader and some team members departed from New York City by ship on July 3 and arrived at Grao, the port of Valencia, on July 20, while other team members had already arrived there in advance. The weather was clear at all three locations, and the observations were successful. The team took images of the corona and observed the spectrum.

Eclipse details Shown below are two tables displaying details about this particular solar eclipse. The first table outlines times at which the Moon's penumbra or umbra attains the specific parameter, and the second table describes various other parameters pertaining to this eclipse.

+August 30, 1905 Solar Eclipse Times Event Time (UTC) First Penumbral External Contact 1905 August 30 at 10:37:28.1 UTC First Umbral External Contact 1905 August 30 at 11:40:16.4 UTC First Central Line 1905 August 30 at 11:41:22.2 UTC First Umbral Internal Contact 1905 August 30 at 11:42:28.2 UTC Equatorial Conjunction 1905 August 30 at 12:50:08.0 UTC Greatest Duration 1905 August 30 at 13:07:15.3 UTC Greatest Eclipse 1905 August 30 at 13:07:25.8 UTC Ecliptic Conjunction 1905 August 30 at 13:13:19.1 UTC Last Umbral Internal Contact 1905 August 30 at 14:32:33.8 UTC Last Central Line 1905 August 30 at 14:33:41.6 UTC Last Umbral External Contact 1905 August 30 at 14:34:49.2 UTC Last Penumbral External Contact 1905 August 30 at 15:37:27.7 UTC

+August 30, 1905 Solar Eclipse Parameters Parameter Value Eclipse Magnitude 1.04766 Eclipse Obscuration 1.09759 Gamma 0.57084 Sun Right Ascension 10h32m53.1s Sun Declination +09°08'33.0" Sun Semi-Diameter 15'50.7" Sun Equatorial Horizontal Parallax 08.7" Moon Right Ascension 10h33m31.6s Moon Declination +09°41'25.8" Moon Semi-Diameter 16'22.5" Moon Equatorial Horizontal Parallax 1°00'05.8" ΔT 4.8 s

Eclipse season

This eclipse is part of an eclipse season, a period, roughly every six months, when eclipses occur. Only two (or occasionally three) eclipse seasons occur each year, and each season lasts about 35 days and repeats just short of six months (173 days) later; thus two full eclipse seasons always occur each year. Either two or three eclipses happen each eclipse season. In the sequence below, each eclipse is separated by a fortnight.

+ Eclipse season of August 1905 August 15Descending node (full moon) August 30Ascending node (new moon) Partial lunar eclipseLunar Saros 117 Total solar eclipseSolar Saros 143

Related eclipses

Eclipses in 1905 A partial lunar eclipse on February 19. An annular solar eclipse on March 6. A partial lunar eclipse on August 15. A total solar eclipse on August 30.

Metonic Preceded by: Solar eclipse of November 11, 1901 Followed by: Solar eclipse of June 17, 1909

Tzolkinex Preceded by: Solar eclipse of July 18, 1898 Followed by: Solar eclipse of October 10, 1912

Half-Saros Preceded by: Lunar eclipse of August 23, 1896 Followed by: Lunar eclipse of September 4, 1914

Tritos Preceded by: Solar eclipse of September 29, 1894 Followed by: Solar eclipse of July 30, 1916

Solar Saros 143 Preceded by: Solar eclipse of August 19, 1887 Followed by: Solar eclipse of September 10, 1923

Inex Preceded by: Solar eclipse of September 17, 1876 Followed by: Solar eclipse of August 10, 1934

Triad Preceded by: Solar eclipse of October 29, 1818 Followed by: Solar eclipse of June 30, 1992

Solar eclipses of 1902–1906

Saros 143

Metonic series

Tritos series

Inex series

Notes Fabricio Cardenas, Vieux papiers des Pyrénées-Orientales, Eclipse solaire de 1905 à Perpignan, 20 March 2015

References

The total solar eclipse 1905: Reports of observations made by members of the ... By British Astronomical Association, Frederick William Levander Report of the solar eclipse expedition to Palma, Majorca, August 30, 1905 ... By Solar Physics Committee, Norman Lockyer Sketchs of Solar Corona August 30, 1905 Sketchs from Russia expedition for solar Corona August 30, 1905 (2)