Burke's Peerage Limited is a British genealogical publisher, considered an authority on the order of precedence of noble families and information on the lesser nobility of the United Kingdom. It was founded in 1826, when the Anglo-Irish genealogist John Burke began releasing books devoted to the ancestry and heraldry of the peerage, baronetage, knightage and landed gentry of Great Britain and Ireland. His first publication, a Genealogical and Heraldic Dictionary of the Peerage and Baronetage of the United Kingdom, was updated sporadically until 1847, when the company began publishing new editions every year as Burke's Peerage, Baronetage and Knightage (often shortened and known as Burke's Peerage).
Other books followed, including Burke's Landed Gentry, Burke's Colonial Gentry, and Burke's General Armory. In addition to its peerage publications, the Burke's publishing company produced books on Royal families of Europe and Latin America, ruling families of Africa and the Middle East, distinguished families of the United States and historical families of Ireland.
History
The firm was established in 1826 by John Burke (1786–1848), progenitor of a dynasty of genealogists and heralds. His son Sir John Bernard Burke (1814–1892) was Ulster King of Arms (1853–1892) and his grandson, Sir Henry Farnham Burke (1859–1930), was Garter Principal King of Arms (1919–1930). After his death, ownership passed through a variety of people.
Apart from the Burke family, editors have included Arthur Charles Fox-Davies, Alfred Trego Butler, Leslie Gilbert Pine, Peter Townend, and Hugh Montgomery-Massingberd.
From 1974 to 1983, Jeremy Norman was chairman of the company, taking the role while Hugh Montgomery-Massingberd was editor.Noel Gerard, "Bursting out of the closet", The Spectator, 22 November 2006, accessed 27 January 2021 His fellow directors included Patrick, Lord Lichfield, and John Brooke-Little, Norroy & Ulster King of Arms. Under Norman's chairmanship, new volumes were published on royal families, Irish genealogy, and country houses of the British Isles. In 1984, the Burke's Peerage titles were separated and sold: Burke's Peerage itself was acquired by Frederik Jan Gustav Floris, Baron van Pallandt, while Burke's Landed Gentry and other titles were sold to other buyers."Burke's Peerage – History" , Burke's Peerage, accessed 27 January 2021
Criticism In 1877, the Oxford professor Edward Augustus Freeman criticised the accuracy of Burke's and said that it contained pedigrees that were purely mythical – if indeed mythical is not too respectable a name for what must be in many cases the work of deliberate invention [... and] all but invariably false. As a rule, it is not only false, but impossible [...] not merely fictions, but exactly that kind of fiction which is, in its beginning, deliberate and interested falsehood. Oscar Wilde in the play A Woman of No Importance wrote: "You should study the Peerage, Gerald. It is the one book a young man about town should know thoroughly, and it is the best thing in fiction the English have ever done!" In 1901, the historian J. Horace Round wrote of Burke's "old fables" and "grotesquely impossible tales".
More recent editions have been more scrupulously checked and rewritten for accuracy, notably under the chief editorship, from 1949 to 1959, of L. G. Pine and Hugh Massingberd (1971–1983).Burke's Landed Gentry 18th Edition (1972), editorial preface, Hugh Montgomery-Massingberd Pine was particularly sceptical regarding many families' claims to antiquity, saying: "If everybody who claims to have come over with the Conqueror were right, William must have landed with 200,000 men-at-arms instead of about 12,000.""Twentieth Century Squires", Time, 10 December 1951
See also Almanach de Gotha The Complete Peerage Debrett's Peerage & Baronetage Social Register Carnet Mondain International Register of Arms, formerly Burke's Peerage & Gentry International Register of Arms
References
External links
Burke's Peerage Foundation website
Online editions 1st edition – 1826 – Hathitrust 3rd edition – 1830 – Hathitrust 4th edition – 1832 – Vol 1 – Hathitrust 4th edition – 1832 – Vol 2 – Hathitrust 4th edition – 1832 – Vol 2 – Google Books 4th edition – corrected to 1833 – Vol 2 – Hathitrust 5th edition – 1838 – Google Books 6th edition – 1839 – Hathitrust 7th edition – 1843 – Vol 2 – Hathitrust 10th edition – 1848 – Hathitrust 12th edition – 1850 – Hathitrust 20th edition – 1858 – Hathitrust 22nd edition – 1860 – Hathitrust 23rd edition – 1861 – Hathitrust 27th edition – 1865 – Google Books 30th edition – 1868 – Google Books 30th edition – 1868 – Vol 1 – Hathitrust 30th edition – 1868 – Vol 2 – Hathitrust 31st edition – 1869 – Vol 1 – Hathitrust 31st edition – 1869 – Vol 2 – Hathitrust 37th edition – 1875 – Vol 2 – Hathitrust 40th edition – 1878 – Hathitrust 47th edition - 1885 - Hathitrust also 48th edition – 1886 – University of Dusseldorf 53rd edition – 1891 – University of Dusseldorf 59th edition - 1897 - Archive.org 60th edition - 1898 - Hathitrust 65th edition - 1903 - Archive.org 66th edition - 1904 - Archive.org 74th edition – 1912 – Archive.org 76th edition – 1914 (to page 1274) – Archive.org 77th edition – 1915 – Archive.org 92nd edition - 1934 - Google Books - covers to 'Lacon'