Schimper is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:
Andreas Franz Wilhelm Schimper (1856–1901), botanist and phytogeographer Georg Wilhelm Schimper (1804–1878), German botanist and naturalist, born in Reichenschwand Karl Friedrich Schimper (1803–1867), German naturalist and poet Wilhelm Philippe Schimper (1808–1880), German-French botanist, born in Dossenheim-sur-Zinsel, a town near the River Rhine