An eponym is a person (real or fictitious) from whom something is said to take its name. The word is back-formed from "eponymous", from the Greek "eponymos" meaning "giving name". __NOTOC__ Here is a list of eponyms:
A Shinzō Abe, Japanese Prime Minister – Abenomics Niels Henrik Abel, Norwegian mathematician – abelian group, Abel's theorem, Abel–Ruffini theorem Helmut Abt, German-born American astrophysicist - Abt's star (SV Crateris/ β 600/ ADS 8115/ HD 98088, in the constellation Crater) Allama Iqbal, Indian Muslim philosopher, and poet of Urdu, Persian language, Arabic languages, national poet and ideological father of Pakistan — Allama Iqbal Town, Allama Iqbal Town, Muzaffargarh, Allama Iqbal International Airport, Allama Iqbal Medical College, Allama Iqbal Open University, Iqbal Academy Pakistan. Achaemenes, Persian king – Achaemenid dynasty Achilles, Greek mythological character – Achilles' heel, Achilles tendon Ada Lovelace, first person to describe computer programming (for the Babbage engine) – Ada programming language Adam, Biblical character – Adam's apple Gilbert-Joseph Adam, French mineralogist – adamite Alvin Adams, American businessman – Adams Express Adamson, Swedish comics character – Adamson Award Thomas Addison, British physician – Addison's disease, Addisonian crisis, Addison–Schilder syndrome Adelaide of Saxe-Meiningen, British queen – the city of Adelaide in Australia, Queen Adelaide, Cambridgeshire, Adelaide Archipelago, Adelaide Island Adhemar, Belgian comics character – Bronzen Adhemar Adonis, Greek mythological character – adonis (a good looking, handsome young boy), adonism, Adonis, adonis (species of skink), Adonis belt Aeolus, Greek mythological character – Aeolian harp Adam Afzelius, Swedish botanist – Afzelius's disease, afzelia Agag, biblical king – Agagites Agatha of Sicily, Italian Christian martyr – St. Agatha's Tower Agrippina the Younger, Roman empress – Cologne, Germany (formerly Colonia Agrippina) Ahasuerus, Biblical character – the term "ahasverus" is used to describe a "restless person" in certain languages, Ahasverus (genus of beetle) Alfred V. Aho, Canadian computer scientist – the first letter of the name AWK, a computer pattern/action language, is taken from Aho George Biddell Airy, English mathematician and astronomer - Airy disk Ajax, Greek mythological character – Ajax Amsterdam, Ajax dish detergent Akademos, Greek mythological character – academy Akela, British literary character – Akela, another term for 'scoutsleader' Rabbi Akiva, Judean rabbi – Bnei Akiva Muhammad ibn Musa al-Khwarizmi, Latinized as "Algoritmi", Persian mathematician – algorithm. Abd al-Rahman al-Sufi, Persian astronomer - al-Sufi's cluster (an easy-to-observe asterism in the constellation Vulpecula which looks like a coathanger, also known as Brocchi's Cluster and Collinder 399). Semyon Alapin, Lithuanian chess player – Alapin's Opening King Albert I, Belgian king – Albert Canal, Albert premetro station, Alberteum Aedes Scientiae, King Albert Park, Albertine, King Albert Medal, Albertina markers. Albert, Prince Consort, British prince – Prince Albert piercing, a form of male genital piercing; Albert Bridge, London, Albert Bridge, Glasgow, Royal Albert Dock, Liverpool, Royal Albert Dock, London, Royal Albert Hall, Albert Memorial, Lake Albert, Prince Albert, Saskatchewan, Prince Albert National Park, Albert Medal Adolf Albin, Romanian chess player – Albin Countergambit Alcaeus, Greek poet – Alcaic stanza Alexander Alekhine, Russian chess player – Alekhine's Defence Alexander of Aphrodisias, Greek philosopher – Alexandrism, Alexander's band Alexander the Great, Greek-Macedonian conqueror – Alexandria, İskenderun, Kandahar, alexandrine, Iskanderkul Matthew Algie, Scottish businessman – "Matthew Algie" (company) Alice, British literary character – Alice in Wonderland syndrome Thomas Allinson, British physician – Allinson bread Herb Alpert and Jerry Moss, American musicians – A&M Records Arthur Cecil Alport, South African physician – Alport syndrome Walter C. Alvarez, American physician − Alvarez' syndrome; Alvarez-waves; Walter C. Alvarez Memorial Award Alois Alzheimer, German neurologist – Alzheimer's disease Amanullah Khan, Afghan king – The Dutch term "ammehoela" (which means "yeah, right!" or "what do I care?") Amaryllis, Roman literary character from Virgil's pastoral Eclogues – amaryllis Amazons, Greek mythological tribe – Amazon River, Amazon.com, Inc Adelbert Ames Jr., American scientist — Ames room, Ames trapezoid Bruce Ames, American biochemist – Ames test Jakob Ammann, Swiss-American religious leader – Amish André-Marie Ampère, French scientist – ampere – unit of electric current, Ampère's law, amp Amun, Egyptian god – ammonia Roald Amundsen, Norwegian explorer – Amundsen Sea; Amundsen crater, a crater on the Moon; Amundsen–Scott South Pole Station Ignacio "Nacho" Anaya – inventor of nachos José de Anchieta, Spanish priest – Anchieta Island, Anchieta, Espírito Santo, Anchieta, Santa Catarina, Rodovia Anchieta Andromeda, Greek mythological character – Andromeda constellation, Andromeda Galaxy, Andromeda polifolia Anders Jonas Ångström, Swedish physicist – angstrom, unit of distance Adolf Anderssen, German chess player – Anderssen's Opening Saint Andrew, Christian apostle – Order of Saint Andrew, Saint Andrew's Cross, St Andrews, Scotland, San Andreas Fault, and numerous other localities, churches and cathedrals Jimmie Angel, American aviator - Angel Falls Anne of Denmark, Scottish queen – Queen Anne's Men Anne, Queen of Great Britain, British queen – Queen Anne style architecture, Queen Anne style furniture, Statute of Anne, Queen Anne's Bounty Antoninus Pius, Roman emperor – Antonine Wall Virginia Apgar, American physician and anesthesiologist – Apgar score Aphrodite, Greek mythological character – aphrodisiac Apollinaris of Ravenna – Apollinaris (water) Apollo, Greek mythological character – Apollonian and Dionysian, Apollo archetype, Apollo's belt Apollonius of Perga, Greek mathematician and astronomer – Apollonian circles, Apollonian gasket, Apollonian network, Apollonius' theorem, Problem of Apollonius Saint Thomas Aquinas, Italian philosopher – Thomism, many educational institutions Yasser Arafat, Palestinian politician and activist – Arafat scarf (nickname for a Palestinian keffiyeh) Rafael Moreno Aranzadi, nicknamed Pichichi, Spanish association football player – Pichichi Trophy Archimedes, Greek mathematician – Archimedes' screw, Archimedes' principle, Archimedean point, Claw of Archimedes, Archimedean solid Henryk Arctowski, Polish scientist and explorer – Arctowski's arc (a rare halo phenomenon) Argus Panoptes, Greek mythological character – argus-eyed, great argus (pheasant species), scatophagus argus (fish species) Albert Wojciech Adamkiewicz, Polish pathologist – Artery of Adamkiewicz Ariadne, Greek mythological character – Ariadne's thread (logic) Aristoteles, Greek mathematician and philosopher – Aristotelianism, Aristotelian ethics, Aristotelian physics, Aristotelian Society, Aristotelian theology, Aristotelia, Aristotle Mountains, Aristotle's wheel paradox, Aristotle's theory of universals, Pseudo-Aristotle Jacobus Arminius, Dutch theologian – Arminianism Louis Armstrong, American jazz musician, who was nicknamed Satchmo – Satchmo's syndrome William George Armstrong, British inventor and business man – Armstrong breech-loading gun, Armstrong effect Arthur, British-Welsh mythological king – Arthurian fantasy, Arthurian heraldry, Arthurian legend José Gervasio Artigas, Uruguayan revolutionary leader – Artiguism Asclepius, Greek mythological character – rod of Asclepius, therapeutae of Asclepius Hans Asperger, Austrian psychologist – Asperger syndrome Atalanta, Greek mythological character – Atalanta butterfly Mustafa Kemal Atatürk, Turkish president – Kemalism (also known as Atatürkism) Athena, Greek goddess – The Greek city Athens, atheneum, Athens, Athene (bird) Robert Atkins, American nutritionist – Atkins diet Atlas, Greek mythological character – atlas, Atlas, atlas, Atlas, Atlas, Atlas, Atlas bear, Atlas beetle, Atlas cedar, Atlas pied flycatcher, Atlas moth, Atlas turtle Atthis, Greek mythological character – Atthis, Attica Shlomo Zalman Auerbach, Israeli rabbi and theologist – Ramat Shlomo Aurélio Buarque de Holanda Ferreira, Brazilian lexicographer – Aurélio's Brazilian Portuguese Dictionary, nicknamed the "Big Aurélio" in Portuguese. Augeas, Greek mythological king – Augean stable Augustus Caesar, Roman emperor – the month of August; the city of Zaragoza (originally Caesaraugustus); the city of Caesarea in Israel; numerous other cities once named Caesarea; Augustan age R. Stanton Avery, American inventor and businessman – Avery Dennison Corporation Tex Avery - American animated film director - Avery-esque. Amedeo Avogadro, Italian chemist – Avogadro constant, Avogadro's law Nnamdi Azikiwe, Nigerian president – Zikism
B Báb, Persian religious leader – Bábism Charles Babbage, British mathematician and inventor – Babbage engine, Babbage Isaac Babbitt, American inventor – Babbitt metal Joseph Babinski, French neurologist – Babinski's sign, Anton–Babinski syndrome, Babinski–Fröhlich syndrome, Babinski–Froment syndrome, Babinski–Nageotte syndrome, Babinski–Vaquez syndrome, Babinski–Weil test, Babinski–Jarkowski rule. Lauren Bacall, American actress – Bogart–Bacall syndrome Facundo Bacardi, Spanish-Cuban business man – Bacardi, Bacardi cocktail, Bacardi Breezer Bacchus, Greek-Roman mythological character – Bacchic, Bacchic art, Bacchanalia Edward Bach, British physician – Bach flower remedies Johann Sebastian Bach, German composer – BACH motif John Backus, American computer scientist – Backus–Naur form Karl Baedeker, German business man – Baedeker Leo Baekeland, Belgian inventor – Bakelite William Baffin, British explorer – Baffin Bay, Baffin Island Bahá'u'lláh, Persian religious leader – Baháʼí Faith Bahram V Gur, Persian king – bahramdipitySommer, Toby J. 'Bahramdipity' and Scientific Research, The Scientist, 1999, 13(3), 13.Sommer, Toby J. Bahramdipity and Nulltiple Scientific Discoveries, Science and Engineering Ethics, 2001, 7(1), 77–104. Donald Bailey, British engineer and inventor – Bailey bridge Francis Baily, British astronomer – Baily's beads René Baire, French mathematician – Baire category theorem, Baire function, Baire measure, Baire set, Baire space, Baire space, Property of Baire John Randal Baker (1900–1984), English zoologist and anthropologist – Microscopic staining merthods: for lipids, Baker's acid-haematein, and for mucins his mucicarmine Italo Balbo, Italian aviator and politician – Balbo, Seventh Street Balbo Drive (street in Chicago) Ed Balducci, Italian-American illusionist – Balducci levitation J. G. Ballard, British author – Ballardian, Ballardesque János Balogh, Hungarian-Romanian chess master – Balogh Defense Balthazar, Biblical character – 12-litre wine bottle (see Wine bottle#Sizes) Honoré de Balzac, French author – Balzac Prize Bambi, Austrian literary character – Bambi effect, Bambi effect, Bambi Award Heinrich Band, German inventor and music instrument builder– Bandoneón Bernhard Bang, Danish physician – Bang's disease Peter Bang and Svend Olufsen, Danish businesspeople – Bang and Olufsen John Kendrick Bangs, American writer - Bangsian fantasy Joseph Banks, British botanist – Banks Peninsula, genus Banksia Baphomet, demon character – Sigil of Baphomet Barbara, daughter of American business woman Ruth Handler – Barbie doll Joseph Barbera and William Hanna, American animators – Hanna-Barbera Willem Barentsz, Dutch explorer – Barents Sea, Barentsz bridge, Barents Region Francis Baring, British businessman – Barings Bank Heinrich Barkhausen, German physicist – Barkhausen effect, Barkhausen stability criterion, Barkhausen–Kurz tube