Centrorhynchidae is a family of parasitic worms. Three species of these thorny-headed worms in the genus Centrorhynchus were found to parasitize birds of prey and owls Slovakia. These hosts include Buteo buteo, Buteo rufinus, Falco tinnunculus, Asio otus, Strix aluco, Strix uralensis and Tyto alba.Komorová, P., Špakulová, M., Hurníková, Z., & Uhrín, M. (2015). Acanthocephalans of the genus Centrorhynchus (Palaeacanthocephala: Centrorhynchidae) of birds of prey (Falconiformes) and owls (Strigiformes) in Slovakia. Parasitology research, 114(6), 2273-2278.
Species Centrorhynchidae contains three genera and many species:
Centrorhynchus
Centrorhynchus Lühe, 1911 contains numerous species: Centrorhynchus acanthotrias (von Linstow, 1883) Centrorhynchus albensis Rengaraju and Das, 1975 Centrorhynchus albidus Meyer, 1932 Centrorhynchus aluconis (Mueller, 1780) The complete mitochondrial genome of C. aluconis has been sequenced. Centrorhynchus amini Khan, Muti-ur-Rahman, Bilqees and Khatoon, 2010 Centrorhynchus amphibius Das, 1950 Centrorhynchus appendiculatus (Westrumb, 1821) Centrorhynchus asturinus (Johnston, 1912) Centrorhynchus atheni Gupta and Fatma, 1983 Centrorhynchus bancrofti (Johnston and Best, 1943) Centrorhynchus bazaleticus Kuraschvili, 1955 Centrorhynchus bengalensis Datta and Soota, 1954 Centrorhynchus bethaniae George and Nadakal, 1987 Centrorhynchus bilqeesae Ghazi, Khan and Noorun-Nisa, 2005 Centrorhynchus brama Rengaraju and Das, 1980 Centrorhynchus brevicaudatus Das, 1949 Centrorhynchus brumpti Golvan, 1965 Centrorhynchus brygooi Golvan, 1965 Centrorhynchus bubonis Yamaguti, 1939 Centrorhynchus buckleyi Gupta and Fatma, 1983 Centrorhynchus buteonis (Schrank, 1788) Centrorhynchus californicus Millzner, 1924 Centrorhynchus chabaudi Golvan, 1958 Centrorhynchus clitorideus (Meyer, 1931) Centrorhynchus conspectus Van Cleave and Pratt, 1940 Centrorhynchus crotophagicola Schmidt and Neiland, 1966 Centrorhynchus dimorphocephalus (Westrumb, 1821) Centrorhynchus dipsadis (Linstow, 1888) Centrorhynchus elongatus Yamaguti, 1935 Centrorhynchus falconis (Johnston and Best, 1943) Centrorhynchus fasciatus (Westrumb, 1821) Centrorhynchus fisheri Bhattacharya, 1999 Centrorhynchus freundi (Hartwick, 1953) Centrorhynchus fukiensis Wang, 1966 Centrorhynchus galliardi Golvan, 1956 Centrorhynchus gendrei (Golvan, 1957) Centrorhynchus gibsoni Khan, Ghazi and Bilqees, 2002 Centrorhynchus giganteus Travassos, 1921 Centrorhynchus glaucidii Wang, 1966 Centrorhynchus globirostris Amin, Heckmann, Wilson, Keele, and Khan, 2014Wilson, E., Keele, B., & Khan, A. (2015). Omar M. Amin, Richard A. Heckmann. Parasitol Res, 114, 2291-2299. C. globirostris infests the pheasant crow (Centropus sinensis) in Pakistan. A genetic analysis has been completed. Centrorhynchus globocaudatus (Zeder, 1800) Centrorhynchus golvani Anantaraman, et al., 1969 Centrorhynchus grassei Golvan, 1965 Centrorhynchus guira Lunaschi and Drago, 2010 Centrorhynchus guptai Golvan, 1969 Centrorhynchus hagiangensis (Petrochenko and Fan, 1969) Centrorhynchus halcyonicola Smales, 2011 Centrorhynchus hartwichi Golvan, 1994 Centrorhynchus horridus (Linstow, 1897) Centrorhynchus indicus Golvan, 1956 Centrorhynchus insularis Tubangui, 1833 Centrorhynchus itatsinsis Fukui, 1929 Centrorhynchus javanicans Rengaraju and Das, 1975 Centrorhynchus knowlesi Datta and Soota, 1955 Centrorhynchus kuntzi Schmidt and Neiland, 1966 Centrorhynchus latai Golvan, 1994 Centrorhynchus leptorhynchus Meyer, 1932 Centrorhynchus longicephalus Das, 1950 Centrorhynchus lucknowensis Gupta and Fatma, 1983 Centrorhynchus mabuiae (Linstow, 1908) Centrorhynchus macrorchis Das, 1949 Centrorhynchus madagascariensis (Golvan, 1957) Centrorhynchus magnus Fukui, 1929 Centrorhynchus mariauxi Smales, 2011 Centrorhynchus merulae Dolfus and Golvan, 1961 Centrorhynchus microcephalus (Bravo-hollis, 1947) Centrorhynchus migrans Zuberi and Faroog, 1974 Centrorhynchus milvus Ward, 1956 Centrorhynchus mysentri Gupta and Fatma, 1983 Centrorhynchus nahuelhuapensis Steinauer, Flores and Rauque, 2020 C. nahuelhuapensis was found in the intestine of the rufous-legged owl (Strix rufipes) in Patagonia, Argentina. The proboscis is armed with 31–33 rows of hooks 16 or 17 hooks per row. The hooks in each row are distributed into 5 true hooks, 4 transitional hooks, and 7–8 spiniform hooks. It has three cement glands. The worm has a filiform body. Phylogenetic analysis was conducted using the small and large ribosomal subunits confirming the placement of this species in the genus Centrorhynchus. Centrorhynchus narcissae Florescu, 1942 Centrorhynchus nicaraguensis Schmidt and Neiland, 1966 Centrorhynchus nickoli Khan, Bilqees and Ghazi, 2001 Centrorhynchus ninni (Stossich, 1891) Centrorhynchus owli Bhattacharya, 1999 Centrorhynchus paramaryasis Amin, 2013 Centrorhynchus petrochenkoi Kuraschvilli, 1955 Centrorhynchus polemaeti Troncy, 1970 Centrorhynchus ptyasus Gupta, 1950 Centrorhynchus pycnonoti Wang, 1986 Centrorhynchus renardi (Lindemann, 1865) Centrorhynchus robustus Richardson and Nickol, 1995 Centrorhynchus sharmai Gupta and Lata, 1966 Centrorhynchus sholapurensis Rengaraju and Das, 1975 Centrorhynchus sikkimensis Bhattacharya, 2003 Centrorhynchus simplex Meyer, 1932 Centrorhynchus sindhensis Khan, Khatoon and Bilqees, 2002 Centrorhynchus sinicus Wang, 1966 Centrorhynchus smyrnensis Bhattacharya, 2007 Centrorhynchus spilornae Schmidt and Kuntz, 1969 Centrorhynchus spinosus (Kaiser, 1893) Centrorhynchus tumidulus (Rudolphi, 1819) Centrorhynchus tyotensis Rengaraju and Das, 1975 Centrorhynchus undulatus Dollfus, 1951
Neolacunisoma Neolacunisoma Amin and Canaris, 1997 contains only one genus: Neolacunisoma geraldschmidti Amin and Canaris, 1997Amin, O. M., & Canaris, A. (1997). Description of Neolacunisoma geraldschmidti gen. n., sp. n.,(Acanthocephala: Centrorhynchidae) from South African shorebirds. JOURNAL-HELMINTHOLOGICAL SOCIETY WASHINGTON, 64, 275-280.
Sphaerirostris
Sphaerirostris Golvan, 1956 contains many species: Sphaerirostris areolatus (Rudolphi, 1819) Sphaerirostris batrachus (Das, 1952) Sphaerirostris bipartitus (Soloviev, 1912) Sphaerirostris cinctus (Rudolphi, 1819) Sphaerirostris corvi (Fukui, 1929) Sphaerirostris dollfusi Golvan, 1994 Sphaerirostris embae (Cholodkowski and Kostylew, 1916) Sphaerirostris erraticus (Chandler, 1925) Sphaerirostris globuli (Nama and Rathore, 1984) Sphaerirostris lancea (Westrumb, 1821) Sphaerirostris lanceoides (Petrochenko, 1949) Sphaerirostris leguminosus (Soloviev, 1912) Sphaerirostris lesiniformis (Molin, 1859) Sphaerirostris maryasis (Datta, 1932) Sphaerirostris opimus (Travassos, 1919) Sphaerirostris physocoracis (Porta, 1913) Sphaerirostris picae (Rudolphi, 1819) Sphaerirostris pinguis (Van Cleave, 1918) Sphaerirostris reptans (Bhalerao, 1931) Sphaerirostris robustus (Datta, 1928) Sphaerirostris saxicoloides (Nama and Rathore, 1984) Sphaerirostris scanensis (Lundström, 1942) Sphaerirostris serpenticola (Linstow, 1908) Sphaerirostris skrjabini (Petrochenko, 1949) Sphaerirostris tenuicaudatus (Marotel, 1889) Sphaerirostris turdi (Yamaguti, 1939) Sphaerirostris wertheimae Schmidt, 1975
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