The family Annulariidae is a taxonomic family of small operculate land snails in the superfamily Littorinoidea.MolluscaBase eds. (2020). MolluscaBase. Annulariidae Henderson & Bartsch, 1920. Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at: http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=368483 on 2020-08-10
Characteristics (Original description) This family encompasses all New World "Cyclostomoid" mollusks previously classified under the family names Cyclostomatidae or Eriidae.
Key Distinguishing Characteristics: The primary feature that separates this family from all other operculate pulmonates is found in the radula (the rasping tongue), which exhibits a fundamental uniformity across the large number of included species.
Radula Structure the radula possesses a consistent tooth arrangement: Rachidian tooth: single and unicuspid. Lateral tooth: single and unicuspid. Inner marginal tooth: resembles the lateral tooth in form but is multicuspid. Outer Mmrginal tooth: long and curved like a bow (arcuate). It is pectinated (comb-like) on both its recurved edge and its main portion, but these pectinations do not divide it into individual teeth. Jaw: absent. Foot and progression The sole of the foot is longitudinally divided by a sulcus (groove), which separates it into two muscular masses. These two masses function independently, allowing the animal a method of progression by alternate waves of muscular contraction (first on one side, then on the other). The foot is relatively short. Head and sensory organs Muzzle: a bifid (forked) muzzle of varying length is always present. Tentacles: they are long, slender, and either fibrillar or slightly swollen at the ends. Eyes: The eyes are situated at the base of the tentacles on the outer side. They are often raised above the surface of the head by a fleshy protuberance.
Operculum The operculum displays a wide degree of variation across the family's divisions, yet it follows distinct evolutionary lines of progression. The structure ranges from a simple type to a highly complicated one, with intermediate steps easily traceable. All opercula possess a basal chondroid plate (cartilaginous base) upon which calcareous ribs and lamellae (thin plates) are deposited. Modifications of these calcareous structures are used to subdivide the family into a series of subfamilies and genera, as will be discussed below.
Shell The shell shape varies widely, from depressed helicoid (flat, spiral like a snail) to elongate conic. The surface sculpture varies greatly: from axially ribbed only to axially ribbed and spirally lirate (with fine spiral lines). The intensity of these elements ranges from obsolete (faint) to lamellose (layered/plate-like).
Genera Subfamily Abbottellinae Watters, 2016 Abbottella Henderson & Bartsch, 1920 Abbottipoma Watters, M. L. Smith & Sneddon, 2020 Annularisca Henderson & Bartsch, 1920 Arenabbottella Watters, M. L. Smith & Sneddon, 2020 Lagopoma Bartsch, 1946 Leiabbottella Watters, 2010 Meganipha F. G. Thompson, 1978 Microabbottella Watters, M. L. Smith & Sneddon, 2020 Opisthosiphon Dall, 1905 Preclaripoma Watters, M. L. Smith & Sneddon, 2020 Rolleia Crosse, 1891 Subfamily Annulariinae Henderson & Bartsch, 1920 Adamsiella L. Pfeiffer, 1851 Annularia Schumacher, 1817 Annularops Henderson & Bartsch, 1920 Blaesospira Crosse, 1891 Chittypoma Watters, 2006 Cistulops H. B. Baker, 1924 Eyerdamia Bartsch, 1946 Juannularia de la Torre & Bartsch, 1941 Lugarenia de la Torre & Bartsch, 1941 Megannularia Watters, 2006 Saulaepoma Watters, 2006 Weinlandipoma Bartsch, 1946 Xenopoma Crosse, 1891 Xenopomoides de la Torre & Bartsch, 1941 Subfamily Chondropomatinae Henderson & Bartsch, 1920 Aguayotudora de la Torre & Bartsch, 1941 Annularodes Henderson & Bartsch, 1920 Bonairea H. B. Baker, 1924 Chondropoma L. Pfeiffer, 1847 Chondrops Bartsch, 1946 Chondrothyrium Henderson & Bartsch, 1920 Colonella Bartsch, 1946 Crossepoma Bartsch, 1946 Cubadamsiella de la Torre & Bartsch, 1941 Diplopoma L. Pfeiffer, 1859 Parachondria Dall, 1905 Parachondrops Henderson & Bartsch, 1920 Rhytidopoma Sykes, 1901 Rhytidothyra Henderson & Bartsch, 1920 Subfamily Rhytidopomatinae Henderson & Bartsch, 1920 Colonina Bartsch, 1946 Ramsdenia Preston, 1913 Subfamily Tudorinae Watters, 2006 Annularita Henderson & Bartsch, 1920 Articulipoma Bartsch, 1946 Choanopomops H. B. Baker, 1928 Chondropomartes Henderson & Bartsch, 1920 Chondropomella Bartsch, 1932 Chondropometes Henderson & Bartsch, 1920 Chondropomium Henderson & Bartsch, 1920 Chondrothyra Henderson & Bartsch, 1920 Clydonopoma Pilsbry, 1933 Colobostylus Crosse & P. Fischer, 1888 Dallsiphona de la Torre & Bartsch, 1941 Eutudora Henderson & Bartsch, 1920 Gouldipoma Watters, 2006 Gutierrezium de la Torre & Bartsch, 1938 Halotudora Watters, 2006 Licina Gray, 1847 Paradoxipoma Watters, 2014 Sallepoma Bartsch, 1946 Samanicola Watters, 2006 Superbipoma Watters & Larson, 2017 Tudora Gray, 1850 Tudorina de la Torre & Bartsch, 1941 Tudorisca Henderson & Bartsch, 1920 Turrithyra de la Torre & Bartsch, 1938 Tessaripoma Watters, 2016 Incertipoma Bartsch, 1946 (temporary name)
Distribution Island of Hispaniola and the Bahama Archipelago.
References
Watters, G. Thomas. The Caribbean land snail family Annulariidae: A revision of the higher taxa and a catalog of the species. Backhuys Publishers, 2006.
External links