Enurmino (; Chukchi: , Innurmin; Yupik language: АнушпикV.V. Leontev and K.A. Novikova, Топонимический словарь северо-востока СССР (Toponymic Dictionary of the Northeastern USSR) (1989) Magadan. p.329 and also known as Ennurmin () and Enyurmin ()) is a rural locality (a selo) in Chukotsky District of Chukotka Autonomous Okrug, Russia. It is located on the Chukchi Sea near Cape Serdtse-Kamen.Strogoff, p.120 Population: Municipally, Enurmino is subordinated to Chukotsky Municipal District and incorporated as Enurmino Rural Settlement.
History
Pre-Soviet Period The name of the village comes from the Chukchi I'nnurmin, meaning "a place behind the hills", as the village is located in a valley surrounded by hills. Nearby discoveries have revealed the site of an older village where the ancestors of those who live in Enurmino used to live, with the site of the village itself sitting on top of an ancient Chukchi settlement.Enurmino Area, Beringia Nature Park Website Nearby the village is the abandoned settlement of Chegitun (), occupied from about 500 AD to the twentieth century, until the village was closed and the population transferred to Inchoun.Beringian Notes 2.2, Bogoslovaskaya, L., National Park Service, Alaska Region (1993), pp. 1-12
Soviet Period In 1926, the village had a population of 103,Information on Enurmino , Electoral Commission of the Chukotka Autonomous District (Избирательная комиссия Чукотского автономного округа). Retrieved 12 April 2012. which grew to 275 by 1943, consisting of 259 Chukchi, 1 Yupik and 15 visitors. During the Soviet period, the people of Enurmino, in collaboration with the people of Neshkan further down the northern Chukotka coast, formed the Sovkhoz 50th Anniversary of the Great October (). In addition to the Sovkhoz, there was also a polar station in the village called Netten, (). The staff at this polar station used to play chess games over the radio with scientists at polar stations in the Antarctic.
Demographics In 1926-27, Enurmino consisted of 19 households containing 103 Chukchi.Муниципальное образование сельское поселение Энурмино Municipal Formation of the Rural Settlement of Enurmino - Official Website of Chukotsky District This had risen to 275 people by 1943, including 259 Chukchi, 15 Yupik and one person classified as a "visitor" upon whose nationality the source does not elaborate, though these figures are combined totals for both Enurmino and the, now abandoned, nearby village of Pouten. The population had increased further to 290 by 1989, of whom 260 were Chukchi and the remaining 30 classified again as "visitors" and again, as of March 2003, to 297, of which 296 were indigenous peoples.Red Cross of Chukotka. Chukotsky District (Archived) The reported population as at the start of 2009 showed yet another increase to 311 people, but had fallen back to for last official census, of whom 139 were male and 162 female.
Culture In 2008, a documentary was made on the lives of the inhabitants of Enurmino by Anadyr-born director, Alexey Vakhrushev, entitled Welcome to Enurmino!, which shows the villagers trying to preserve their traditional ways of life while making the most of the limited modern amenities available to them.The Santa Fe Film Festival 2008. Welcome to Enurmino! (with stills).
Economy The main activities of the villagers are Marine mammal harvest, hunting and fishing and 7-8% of the population are actively involved in hunting.
The village has a food store, an elementary school, a daycare center and a post-office.
Transport Enurmino is not connected to any other part of the world by permanent road and is 200 miles away from the district centre Lavrentiya. The only ways to travel the village are by sea, helicopter or winter road. There is, however, a very small network of roads within the village including:Pochtovik Mail Delivery Service Chukotsky District
Улица Советская (Ulitsa Sovetskaya, lit. Soviet Street) Улица Южная (Ulitsa Yuzhnaya, lit. South Street)
Climate Enurmino has a Tundra climate (ET)McKnightand Hess, pp.235-7 because the warmest month has an average temperature between and .
See also List of inhabited localities in Chukotsky District
References
Notes
Sources
Strogoff, M, Brochet, P-C and Auzias, D. Petit Futé: Chukotka, "Avant-Garde" Publishing House, 2006.