MacSwiney is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:
Máire MacSwiney Brugha, Irish author Mary MacSwiney (1872–1942), Irish politician and educationalist Muriel MacSwiney, Irish nationalist Patrick MacSwiney (1885–1940), Irish Catholic priest and historian Patrick MacSwiney, 1st Marquis MacSwiney of Mashanaglass (1871–1945), Franco-Irish officer of the papal household Seán MacSwiney, Irish Sinn Féin politician Terence MacSwiney (1879–1920), Sinn Féin Lord Mayor of Cork during the Irish War of Independence, died on hunger strike in British jail