Parhedylidae are a taxonomic family of sea slugs, marine gastropod mollusks in the superfamily Parhedyloidea.MolluscaBase eds. (2021). MolluscaBase. Parhedylidae Thiele, 1931. Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at: http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=411947 on 2021-06-17
2005 taxonomy Microhedylidae has been listed as a synonym of Parhedylidae in the taxonomy of Bouchet & Rocroi (2005). Ganitidae Rankin, 1979 has been listed as a sole family within Hedylopsoidea. The type genus of Livorniellidae was Livorniella Rankin, 1979.
2010 taxonomy Sensu Schrödl & Neusser (2010)Schrödl M. & Neusser T. P. (2010). "Towards a phylogeny and evolution of Acochlidia (Mollusca: Gastropoda: Opisthobranchia)". Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 158: 124–154. . is Microhedylidae within the clade Microhedylacea. Parhedylidae is a synonym of Microhedylidae. Microhedylidae s.l. may informally include Ganitidae, but inclusion of Ganitidae within Microhedylidae requires further research and higher statistical support.
Genera Genera within the Parhedylidae include: Ganitus Marcus, 1953 - with the only species Ganitus evelinae Marcus, 1953 - it belongs to Microhedylidae s.l. / Ganitidae Microhedyle Hertling, 1930 Microhedyle glandulifera (Kowalevsky, 1901) Microhedyle nahantensis (Doe, 1974) Microhedyle odhneri (Ev. Marcus & Er. Marcus, 1955) Microhedyle remanei (Er. Marcus, 1953) Paraganitus Challis, 1968 - with the only species Paraganitus ellynnae Challis, 1968 - it belongs to Microhedylidae s.l. / Ganitidae Paraganitus Challis, 1968 Parhedyle Thiele, 1931 Parhedyle cryptophthalma (Westheide & Wawra, 1974) Parhedyle tyrtowii (Kowalevsky, 1900) Parhedyle gerlachi (Ev. Marcus & Er. Marcus, 1959) Pontohedyle Golikov & Starobogatov, 1972 Genera brought into synonymy Gastrohedyle Rankin, 1979: synonym of Pontohedyle Golikov & Starobogatov, 1972 Livorniella Rankin, 1979: synonym of Microhedyle Hertling, 1930 Mancohedyle Rankin, 1979: synonym of Pontohedyle Golikov & Starobogatov, 1972 (junior objective synontm of Pontohedyle) Maraunibina Rankin, 1979: synonym of Pontohedyle Golikov & Starobogatov, 1972 Parahedyle [sic]: synonym of Parhedyle Thiele, 1931 (misspelling) Sabulincola Rankin, 1979: synonym of Parhedyle Thiele, 1931 Stellaspina Rankin, 1979: synonym of Microhedyle Hertling, 1930 Unela Er. Marcus, 1953: synonym of Microhedyle Hertling, 1930
Cladogram A cladogram based on sequences of mitochondrial 28S ribosomal RNA, 16S ribosomal RNA and cytochrome-c oxidase I (COI) genes showing phylogenic relations within the family Microhedylidae:Jörger K. M., Norenburg J. L., Wilson N. G. & Schrödl M. (2012). "Barcoding against a paradox? Combined molecular species delineations reveal multiple cryptic lineages in elusive meiofaunal sea slugs". BMC Evolutionary Biology 12: 245. .
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