This is a list of rulers of Tikal, a major Maya city-state during the Classic period. Located in the Maya Lowlands, Tikal is known to have had at least 33 rulers from the 1st through 9th centuries AD. Twenty-seven of these have been identified, as of 2008.

Background The monarchy of Tikal is the oldest yet known in the Maya Lowlands, having been founded at the turn of the 1st century AD. The dynasty is last attested in the late 9th century, after a span of some 800 years and 33 rulers. Thorough excavations, first begun by the University of Pennsylvania, and later by the Guatemalan Institute of Archaeology, have uncovered troves of epigraphic data which Mayanists have employed to reconstruct Tikal's dynastic lineage. As of 2008, 27 rulers have been identified, including at least one woman.

List

The following is an annotated, chronological list of lords of Tikal. A tabular list is provided in the following section.

Late Preclassic Yax Ehb Xook – r. c. AD 16 or c. AD 60; dynastic founder. "Foliated Jaguar"/Huun? B'alam ("Decorated Jaguar") – r. 90.

Early Classic Chak Tok Ichʼaak I – r. January 25, 212–292. Kʼinich Ehbʼ – r. c. 300. Siyaj Chan Kʼawiil I - r. c. 307. Ix Uneʼn Bahlam ("Queen Jaguar") – r. 317. Way Ko? Chanal Chak Wak ("Leyden Plate Ruler") – r. 320. Kʼinich Muwaan Jol I – r. c. 359. Chak Tok Ichʼaak II ("Jaguar Paw I") – r. c. 360–378; died on the same day that Siyaj Kʼakʼ arrived in Tikal. Yax Nuun Ahiin I – r. 379–404; son of a foreign noble. Sihyaj Chan Kʼawiil II ("Stormy Sky II") – r. 411–456; son of Yax Nuun Ayiin I. Kʼan Chitam ("Kan Boar") – r. 458–486. Maʼkin-na Chan – r. c. late 5th century. Chak Tok Ichʼaak III ("Jaguar Paw Skull") – r. 486–508; married "Lady Hand." Ix Kaloʼmteʼ Ix Ch'ajan Mut Ix Yo Kʼin ("Lady of Tikal") – r. 511–527; co-ruled with Kaloomteʼ Bʼalam, possibly as consort. Kaloomteʼ Bʼalam ("Curl-Head," "19th Lord") – r. 511–527; co-ruled with Ix Kaloʼmteʼ Ix Yo Kʼin as regent. "Bird Claw" ("Animal Skull I," "Ete I") – r. c. 527–537. Wak Chan Kʼawiil ("Double-Bird") – r. 537–562; captured and possibly sacrificed in Caracol. "Lizard Head II" – r. unknown; lost a battle to Caracol in 562. K'inich Waaw 508? c. 593–628

Late Classic Jasaw Chan Kʼawiil I ("Ruler A," "Ah Cacao") – r. 682–734; entombed in Temple I; married Lady Lahan Unen Moʼ; won a battle against Calakmul in 711. Yikʼin Chan Kʼawiil ("Ruler B") – r. 734–766; tomb unknown. "Temple VI Ruler" – r. 766–768. Yax Nuun Ayiin II – r. 768–790. Nuno'm Ch'e'en ("Dark Sun") – r. c. 810; buried in Temple III. "Jewel Kʼawil" – r. 849. Jasaw Chan Kʼawiil II – r. 869–889

Table

+ List of sovereigns of Tikal. Name a.k.a. No. From To Note Yax Ehb Xook 1st ...? B'alam ? ? ? Chak Tok Ich'aak I 9th? 212 c. 280? Accession 25 Jan. 212. Kinich Ehb' ...? 10th Sihyaj Chan K'awiil I 11th Unen Bahlam 12th? K'inich Muwaan Jol 13th 359 Chak Tok Ich'aak II 14th 360 378 Yax Nuun Ahiin I ? 379 Sihyaj Chan K'awiil II 16th 411 456 K'an Chitam ? 458 Chak Tok Ich'aak II ? 508 Ch'ajan Mut, 'Ix Yok'in ? 511 ? Kalo'mte' Bahlam 19th [K'inich?] Waaw I 20th ? ? Wak Chan K'awiil 21st 537 562 K'inich Waaw II 22nd ? 23rd ? ? ? 24th ? ? Nuun Ujol Chaak ? Jasaw Chan K'awiil I ? 682 734 Yik'in Chan K'awiil 27th 734 ? 28th 768 Yax Nuun Ahiin II 29th 768 Nuun Ujol K'inich ? Nunoo'm Ch'e'en ? Jewel K'awiil ? Jasaw Chan K'awiil II ?

See also Maya monarchs, listing known rulers of various Classic and Post-Classic Maya states Lists of ancient monarchs, listing lists of known rulers of various ancient Old and New World states

Notes and references Explanatory footnotes

Short citations

Full citations

External links