This list of crinoid genera is an attempt to create a comprehensive listing of all genera that have ever been considered to be crinoids, excluding purely vernacular terms. The list includes all commonly accepted genera, but also genera that are now considered invalid, doubtful (nomina dubia), or were not formally published (nomina nuda), as well as junior synonyms of more established names, and genera that are no longer considered crinoids.
Naming conventions and terminology Naming conventions and terminology follow the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature (ICZN). Technical terms used include: Junior synonym: A name which describes the same taxon as a previously published name. If two or more genera are formally designated and the type specimens are later assigned to the same genus, the first to be published (in chronological order) is the senior synonym, and all other instances are junior synonyms. Senior synonyms are generally used, except by special decision of the ICZN, but junior synonyms cannot be used again, even if deprecated. Junior synonymy is often subjective, unless the genera described were both based on the same type specimen. Nomen nudum (Latin for "naked name"): A name that has appeared in print but has not yet been formally published by the standards of the ICZN. Nomina nuda (the plural form) are invalid, and are therefore not italicized as a proper generic name would be. If the name is later formally published, that name is no longer a nomen nudum and will be italicized on this list. Often, the formally published name will differ from any nomina nuda that describe the same specimen. Nomen oblitum (Latin for "forgotten name"): A name that has not been used in the scientific community for more than fifty years after its original proposal. Preoccupied name: A name that is formally published, but which has already been used for another taxon. This second use is invalid (as are all subsequent uses) and the name must be replaced. As preoccupied names are not valid generic names, they will also go unitalicized on this list. Nomen dubium (Latin for "dubious name"): A name describing a fossil with no unique diagnostic features. As this can be an extremely subjective and controversial designation, this term is not used on this list.
Columnals Stukalina proposed a classification of columnals.Stukalina, G. A., 1966. On the principles of classification of Paleozoic crinoid stems. Paleontological Journal(3), pp 94-102Stukalina, G. A., 1988. Studies in Paleozoic crinoid-columnals and stems. Palaeontographica, v. 204, pp 1-66 Most families in this classification are based on a single genus. It may also be that separate families have been erected for different parts of the stem of a single crinoid genus. No families have been added for columnal genera in the initial input of data in the following table. These genera may be identified by the use of "[columnal]" in the family column of the table. It should also be noted that, where the same generic name has been used for columnals and cups/crowns, there is often considerable uncertainty that they actually belong in the same genus. As studies of columnals continue, it is hoped that things will improve and a classification will emerge that is based on the whole animal.
The list
Genus Authors Year Type species Family Status Age Location NotesAacocrinusBowsher1955A. nododorsatus Bowsher, 1955ActinocrinitidaeextinctMississippian (Toumaisian), Pennsylvanian (Bashkirian)United States, AlgeriaWebster, G.D. Bibliography and index of paleozoic crinoids, coronates and hemistreptocrinoids, 1758-2012. https://crinoids.azurewebsites.net/Aaglaocrinus (not to be confused with Aglaocrinus Strimple, 1961)Webster1981Ethelocrinus expansus Strimple, 1938CromyocrinidaeextinctPennsylvanianUnited StatesAatocrinusMoore & Plummer1940Zeacrinus? robustus Beede, 1900PirasocrinidaeextinctPermian (mid Wolfcampian)United StatesAbacocrinusAngelin1878Actinocrinites tesseracontadactylus Goldfuss, 1831AbacocrinidaeextinctSilurian (Llandoverian, Wenlockian)Sweden, Germany, CanadaAngelin, N. P., 1878. Iconographia Crinoideorum. in stratis Sueciae Siluricis fossilium. Samson and Wallin, Holmiae, 62ppAbactinocrinus (incorrectly spelled Abactinocrinites by Lane, Maples & Waters, 2001)Laudon & Severson1953A. rosseiActinocrinitidaeextinctDevonian (Famennian), Mississippian (Tournaisian)United States, ChinaAbathocrinusStrimple1963Mariacrinus? rotundus Springer, 1926uncertain (Monobathrid)extinctSilurian (Niagaran)United StatesAbatocrinusLane1963Actinocrinus turbinatus Hall, 1858BatocrinidaeextinctDevonian (Frasnian) & Mississippian (Tournaisian-Viséan)Germany, United StatesAbbreviatocrinites (jun. syn. of Halocrinites)Bohatý2005Cuppressocrinus abbreviatus Goldfuss, 1839AbludoglyptocrinusKolata1982Glyptocrinus charltoni Kolata, 1975GlyptocrinidaeextinctOrdovician (Sandian-Katian)United States, CanadaAbrachiocrinusWanner1920Sycocrinites clausus Austin & Austin, 1843CodiacrinidaeextinctMississippian (Tournaisian), PermianUnited Kingdom, TimorWanner, J., 1920. Über Armlose Krinoiden aus dem jüngeren Palaeozoikum. Verhandelingen Geologie Mijnbouw Genootoch, Geologic Series, v. 5, p. 21-35Abracrinus (jun. syn. of Carpocrinus)d'Orbigny1849AbrotocrinusMiller & Gurley1890A. cymosus Miller & Gurley, 1890StaphylocrinidaeextinctMississippian (Tournaisian, Viséan)United States, Ireland, AlgeriaAbyssocrinusStrimple1963Synbathocrinus antiquus Strimple, 1952RamacrinidaeextinctSilurian (Niagaran)United StatesAcacocrinusWachsmuth & Springer1897A. elrodi Wachsmuth & Springer, 1897PeriechocrinidaeextinctSilurian (Llandoverian & Niagaran), Devonian (Givetian)United StatesAcanthocrinusRoemer1850A. longispina Roemer, 1850RhodocrinitidaeextinctDevonian, MississippianEurope, North America, North AfricaAcanthodocrinusYeltsychewa1979A. rakverensis Yeltyschewa, 1979[columnal]extinctOrdovician (Katian)EstoniaYeltyschewa, R. S., 1979. Стебли Палеозойских лилий Прибалтики (Верхний Ордовик) [Stems of Paleozoic crinoids from the Pribaltic (Upper Ordovician)]. Вопросы палеонтологии, v. 8, pp 94-106 In RussianAcariaeocrinus Nomina dubia; nom. nov. pro Microcrinus Terquem & Piette, 1865 (not to be confused with Acaraiaiocrinus Wanner, 1924)Biese1935Microcrinus liasinus Terquem & Piette, 1865extinctJurassic (Sinemurian)FranceBiese, Walter. 1935–1937. Crinoidea jurassica. In W. Quenstedt, ed., Fossilium Catalogus, I. Animalia, pt. 70, 73, 76. W. Junk. s’Gravenhage. 739 p. Hess, H. & Messing, C. 2011. Treatise on Invertebrate Paleontology. Part T. Echinodermata 2 Revised. Crinoidea Volume 3. The University of Kansas Paleontological Institute Lawrence, Kansas. 291 + xxx pp. url=https://journals.ku.edu/InvertebratePaleo/issue/view/486AcariaiocrinusWanner1924A. clavulus Wanner, 1924StreblocrinidaeextinctPermianTimorWanner, J., 1924. Die permischen Krinoiden von Timor. Jaarbook van net Mijnwezen Nederlandes Oost-Indie, Verhandlungen (1921), Gedeelte, v. 3, pp 1-348Acbastaucrinus (incorrectly spelled Acbastaurcrinus by Sisova, 1979) (jun. syn. of Floricyclus)Sisova1979A. acbastauensis Sisova, 1979[columnal]Sisova, E. N., 1979. Флорициклиди позднего девона Восточного Казахстана и Средней Азии [Floricyclids of the Late Devonian of eastern Kazakhstan and central Asia]. Ежегодник Всесоюзного Палеонтологического Общества, v. 22, pp 166-172 In RussianAchradocrinus (incorrectly spelled Acradocrinus by Apringer in Zittel, 1913)Schultze1866A. ventrosus Schultze, 1866CyathocrinidaeextinctDevonian (Eifelian)GermanyAclistocrinusEckert & Brett2001A. capistratus Eckert & Brett, 2001EucalyptocrinitidaeextinctSilurian (Llandoverian)United StatesAcolocrinusKesling & Paul1971A. hydraulicus Kesling & Paul, 1971AcolocrinidaeextinctOrdovician (Darriwilian, Sandbian)United StatesAcrochordocrinus (incorrectly spelled as Acrochordorrinus on p113)Trautschold1859A. insignis Trautschold, 1859CyclocrinidaeextinctJurassic (Bajocian) to Cretaceous (Albian)France, Germany, Poland, Russia, Switzerland, EnglandTrautschold, Hermann. 1859. Recherches géologiques aux environs de Moscou. Bulletin de la Société Impériale des Naturalistes de Moscou 32(3):109–121, 2 pl. https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/107037#page/117/mode/1upAcrocrinusYandell1855A. shumardi Yandell, 1855AcrocrinidaeextinctMississippian (Viséan)United States, EuropeActinocrinites (incorrectly spelled Actinus by Phillips, 1836)Miller1821A. triacontadactylus Miller, 1821ActinocrinitidaeextinctDevonian, Mississippian & PermianEurope, North Africa, Australia, North America, Japan, TimorActinometra (jun. syn. of Comatula) [incorrect spellings include: Aetinometra Carpenter, 1881, 204; Actinomedra von Graff, 1883, 132; Actynometra Filhol, 1885, 213; Actrinometra Hartlaub, 1891, 97; Actinometer Springer, 1903, 220 & Actinomerta Clark, 1912, 91.]Müller1841AcylocrinusKirk1947A. tumidus Kirk, 1947DecadocrinidaeextinctMississippian (Tournaisian & Viséan)United StatesAdacrinusPabian & Strimple1985Oklahomacrinus loeblichi Moore, 1939AmpelocrinidaeextinctPennsylvanianUnited States, CanadaPabian, R. K., and Strimple, H. L., 1985. Classification, paleoecology and biostratigraphy of crinoids from the Stull Shale (Late Pennsylvanian) of Nebraska, Kansas, and Iowa. University of Nebraska State Museum Bulletin, v. 11, pp 1-81AdelatelecrinusMessing2013.AtelecrinidaeextantQuaternary (Holocene)IndonesiaAdelocrinusPhillips1841A. hystrix Phillips, 1841HexacrinidaeextinctDevonian (Famennian)United Kingdom, GermanyAdelometraClark1907Antedon angustiradia Carpenter, 1888AntedonidaeextantQuaternary (Holocene)IndonesiaAdelphicrinusGuensburg & Sprinkle2003A. fortuitus Guensburg & Sprinkle, 2003uncertain (Camerata)extinctOrdovician (Floian)United StatesAdiakritocrinusWebster1997A. oviatti Webster, 1997uncertain (Cladida)extinctMississippian (Tournasian)United StatesAdinocrinusKirk1938Zeacrinus nodosus Wachsmuth & Springer, 1885AdinocrinidaeextinctMississippian (Viséan)United StatesAenigmocrinusStrimple1973Poteriocrinus anomalus Wetherby, 1880uncertain (Cladida)extinctMississippian (Viséan-Serpukhovian)United StatesAesiocrinusMiller & Gurley1890A. magnificus Miller & Gurley, 1890AesiocrinidaeextinctMississippian (Serpukhovian) & PennsylvanianUnited States, RussiaAethocrinusUbaghs1969A. moorei Ubaghs, 1969AethocrinidaeextinctOrdovician (Tremadocian-Floian)FranceAetocrinusAusich & Copper2010A. gracilis Ausich and Copper, 2010DendrocrinidaeextinctSilurian (Llandoverian)CanadaAusich, W. I. and Copper, P., 2010. The Crinoidea of Anticosti Island, Québec (Late Ordovician to Early Silurian). Palaeontolgraphica Canadiana, No. 29, 157 ppAexitrophocrinusStrimple & Watkins1969Synerocrinus formosus Moore & Plummer, 1940DactylocrinidaeextinctMississippian (Viséan & Serpukhovian) & PennsylvanianUnited States, Russia, United KingdomAffinocrinusKnapp1969A. concavus Knapp, 1969PirasocrinidaeextinctPennsylvanian (Morrowan & Atokan)United StatesAgaricocrinus (incorrectly spelled Agaricocrinites by Troost, 1850)Hall1858A. tuberosus Hall, 1858CoelocrinidaeextinctMississippian (Tournaisian & Viséan)United StatesAgassizocrinus (incorrectly spelled Agassizocrinites by Troost, 1850)Owen & Shumard1852A. conicus Owen & Shumard, 1852AgassizocrinidaeextinctMississippian (Viséan & Serpukhovian)United StatesAgathocrinusSchewtschenko1967A. globosus Schewtschenko, 1967ParahexacrinidaeextinctDevonianChina, KyrgyzstanSchewtschenko, T. W., 1967. Раннедевонские морские лилии семейства Parahexacrinidae fam. nov. Servschanskogo hrebta. Палеонтологический журнал, no. 3, pp 76-88 in Russian