Malaxis monophyllos, the white adder's mouth, is a terrestrial species of orchid. It is widespread across much of Europe (Germany, Italy, Poland, Scandinavia, Ukraine, etc.),Altervista Flora Italiana, Microstile, Malaxis monophyllos includes photos and European distribution map Asia (China, Japan, Russia, Nepal, Philippines, etc.), and much of southern Canada. In the United States, it grows mostly in southern Alaska, New England and the Great Lakes region, with isolated populations reported from Colorado and California.
Taxonomy Malaxis monophyllos was given the scientific name Ophrys monophyllos by Carl Linnaeus in 1753. The botanist Olof Swartz moved it to the genus Malaxis in 1800 giving the species its accepted name. Along with it genus it is part of the Orchidaceae family. It has three accepted varieties according to Plants of the World Online.
Malaxis monophyllos and its varieties together have synonyms.
Table of Synonyms Name Year Rank Synonym of: Notes Achroanthes acuminata 1836 species subsp. brachypoda = het., nom. nud. Achroanthes cilifolia 1836 species subsp. monophyllos = het., nom. nud. Achroanthes monophyllos 1891 species M. monophyllos ≡ hom. Achroanthes monophyllos f. diphyllos 1916 form subsp. monophyllos = het. Dienia gmelinii 1830 species subsp. monophyllos = het. Epipactis monophylla 1795 species M. monophyllos ≡ hom. Leptorkis japonica 1891 species subsp. monophyllos = het. Liparis inconspicua 1892 species subsp. monophyllos = het., nom. nud. Liparis japonica 1886 species subsp. monophyllos = het. Malaxis arisanensis 1974 species subsp. monophyllos = het. Malaxis brachypoda 1926 species subsp. brachypoda ≡ hom. Malaxis brachypoda f. bifolia 1950 form subsp. brachypoda = het. Malaxis diphyllos 1828 species subsp. monophyllos = het. Malaxis monophyllos f. bifolia 1927 form subsp. brachypoda = het. Malaxis monophyllos subsp. brachypoda 1969 subspecies subsp. brachypoda ≡ hom. Malaxis monophyllos var. diphyllos 1975 variety subsp. monophyllos = het. Malaxis monophyllos f. diphyllos 1969 form subsp. monophyllos = het. Malaxis monophyllos f. triphyllos 1938 form subsp. monophyllos = het. Malaxis muscifera var. stelostachya 1951 variety subsp. monophyllos = het. Malaxis taiwaniana 1975 species subsp. monophyllos = het. Malaxis yunnanensis 1951 species subsp. monophyllos = het. Malaxis yunnanensis var. nematophylla 1951 variety subsp. monophyllos = het. Microstylis arisanensis 1916 species subsp. monophyllos = het. Microstylis brachypoda 1836 species subsp. brachypoda ≡ hom. Microstylis diphylla 1830 species subsp. monophyllos = het. Microstylis japonica 1866 species subsp. monophyllos = het. Microstylis monophyllos 1830 species M. monophyllos ≡ hom. Microstylis monophyllos var. bifolia 2007 variety subsp. brachypoda = het. Microstylis monophyllos subsp. brachypoda 2006 subspecies subsp. brachypoda ≡ hom. Microstylis monophyllos var. diphyllos 1952 variety subsp. monophyllos = het. Microstylis monophyllos var. obtusa 2007 variety subsp. obtusa ≡ hom. Microstylis muscifera var. nematophylla 2012 variety subsp. monophyllos = het. Microstylis muscifera subsp. stelostachya 2012 subspecies subsp. monophyllos = het. Microstylis muscifera var. stelostachya 2007 variety subsp. monophyllos = het. Microstylis yunnanensis 1912 species subsp. monophyllos = het. Microstylis yunnanensis var. nematophylla 2007 variety subsp. monophyllos = het. Ophrys monophyllos 1753 species M. monophyllos ≡ hom. Notes: ≡ homotypic synonym; = heterotypic synonym
References
External links IOSPE orchid photos Orchids of Wisconsin, Malaxis monophyllos (L.) Sw. var. brachypoda (Gray) Morris & Eames Calflora, California taxon report, University of California, Malaxis monophyllos (L.) Sw. var. brachypoda (A. Gray) F. Morris & Eames Minnesota State Department of Natural Resources
Go Orchids, North American Orchid Conservation Center AGEO Orchideen der Schweiz, Malaxis monophyllos, Einblatt, Malaxis à une feuille, Microstile Botany Czech, Malaxis monophyllos (L.) Swartz – měkčilka jednolistá / trčníček jednolistý Flickr photo, Malaxis monophyllos growing high in the Alps Manitoba Native Orchids Society, orchids compendium, White Adder's - mouth (Malaxis monophyllos var brachypoda (Gray) Fernald) Plantarium, Malaxis monophyllos (L.) Sw., Описание таксона, Русскоязычные названия Eesti Orchideekaitse Klubi, Estonian Orchid Protection Club, Malaxis monophyllos, ainulehine sookäpp