The people of Cyprus are broadly divided into two main ethnic communities, Greek Cypriots and Turkish Cypriots, who share many cultural traits but maintain distinct identities based on ethnicity, religion, language, and close ties with Greece and Turkey respectively. Before the dispute started in 1964 the peoples of Cyprus (then 77.1% Greek Cypriots, 18.2% Turkish Cypriots, <5% other communities, primarily Armenians, Maronites, and other Lebanese) were dispersed over the entire island.
The Turkish invasion of Cyprus in 1974 de facto partitioned the island into two political areas: 99.5% of Greek Cypriots now live in the south part of the Republic of Cyprus while 98.7% of Turkish Cypriots live in northern areas. (99.2% of other nationalities live in the Greek Cypriot areas in the center, west, east and south).Cyprus Facts on Worldpress.org. Retrieved 29 February 2009 Greek and Cypriot dialect are predominantly spoken in the east, west, south and centre, where the majority are Greek Cypriots, and Turkish Cypriot Dialect in the north, where the majority are Turkish Cypriots. English is widely used throughout the island, as a common language.
The total population of Cyprus as of the end of 2006 was slightly over 1 million, comprising 789,300 in the territory controlled by the government of the Republic of CyprusStatistical Service of the Republic of Cyprus, DEMOGRAPHIC REPORT 2007 (p. 12) and 294,406 in the northern areas of Cyprus. The population of the northern areas of Cyprus has increased following the immigration of 150,000–160,000 Turkish mainlanders, which the UN confirmed to have arrived illegally. On this basis, the Republic of Cyprus government does not include this group in the population statistics of the Republic of Cyprus Statistical Service.Cyprus Government web portal: Towns and Population . Retrieved on 28 February 2009
Population
923,381 in Republic of Cyprus controlled area (2021 census)https://cystatdb.cystat.gov.cy/pxweb/en/8.CYSTAT-DB/8.CYSTAT-DB__Population__Census%20of%20Population%20and%20Housing%202021__Population__PopCensus of Population and Housing 2021: Final Results - Gov.cyulation%20-%20Country%20of%20Citizenship,%20Country%20of%20Birth/1891221E.px/table/tableViewLayout1/ 476,214 in Turkish-occupied part of Cyprus (2023 population estimate).
Population by citizenship
Republic of Cyprus government controlled area: 1992 census: 95.8% Cypriot, 4.2% Non-CypriotStatistical Service of Cyprus: Population and Social Statistics , Main Results of the 2001 Census. Retrieved on 29 February 2009 2001 census: 90.6% Cypriot, 9.4% Non-Cypriot 2011 census: 78.6% Cypriot, 21.4% Non-Cypriot (preliminary) 2021 census: 77.9% Cypriot, 21.7% non-Cypriot northern areas of Cyprus: 2006 census (de facto population): 66.7% NC, 29.3% Turkey, 4.0% other
Vital statistics
Cyprus (1901–2015)
Historical data about main demographic indicators from 1901 to 1989, for the entire island:B.R. Mitchell. European historical statistics. 1750–1975.
YearTotal populationLive births1Deaths1Natural changeCrude birth rate (per 1000)Crude death rate (per 1000)Natural change (per 1000)Crude migration change (per 1000) 1901 238,000 7,300 4,300 3,000 30.6 18.1 12.5 1902 241,000 6,700 3,500 3,200 28.0 14.6 13.4 -0.8 1903 245,000 7,000 3,600 3,400 28.6 14.6 14.0 2.4 1904 249,000 7,600 3,700 3,900 30.4 14.8 15.6 0.4 1905 253,000 7,500 4,500 3,000 29.6 17.7 11.9 4 1906 257,000 7,900 4,100 3,800 30.7 15.8 14.9 0.8 1907 260,000 8,200 4,600 3,600 31.4 17.7 13.7 -2.3 1908 264,000 8,700 5,200 3,500 32.9 19.7 13.2 1.9 1909 268,000 8,000 4,500 3,500 29.8 16.9 12.9 1.9 1910 271,000 8,700 4,100 4,600 32.1 15.2 16.9 -5.9 1911 275,000 8,700 4,500 4,200 31.6 16.2 15.4 -0.7 1912 279,000 8,000 4,900 3,100 28.5 17.7 10.8 3.2 1913 283,000 8,700 5,300 3,400 30.7 18.8 11.9 2.1 1914 287,000 9,500 5,100 4,400 33.1 17.6 15.5 -1.4 1915 291,000 10,000 5,800 4,200 34.3 19.8 14.5 -0.7 1916 294,000 5,900 5,300 600 20.0 17.9 2.1 8.2 1917 297,000 8,800 5,400 3,400 29.5 18.2 11.3 -1.3 1918 301,000 9,900 6,900 3,000 32.9 22.9 10.0 3.3 1919 305,000 8,900 5,200 3,700 29.2 17.2 12.0 1 1920 309,000 9,100 7,400 1,700 29.5 23.9 5.6 7.4 1921 312,000 8,400 6,200 2,200 26.8 20.0 6.8 2.6 1922 315,000 9,000 6,200 2,800 28.6 19.6 9.0 0.6 1923 318,000 8,100 5,700 2,400 25.5 18.0 7.5 1.9 1924 322,000 8,800 5,600 3,200 27.3 17.4 9.9 2.5 1925 326,000 8,300 4,700 3,600 25.6 14.4 11.2 1.2 1926 330,000 8,500 5,600 2,900 25.9 17.1 8.8 3.3 1927 333,000 8,400 5,200 3,200 25.2 15.6 9.6 -0.6 1928 337,000 9,700 5,100 4,600 28.9 15.2 13.7 -1.8 1929 341,000 10,400 4,600 5,800 30.4 13.5 16.9 -5.3 1930 345,000 11,100 5,700 5,400 32.1 16.4 15.7 -4.1 1931 349,000 10,500 5,900 4,600 30.2 17.0 13.2 -1.7 1932 352,000 10,100 5,740 4,360 28.7 16.3 12.4 -3.9 1933 356,000 9,750 4,910 4,840 27.4 13.8 13.6 -2.4 1934 360,000 10,852 4,757 6,095 30.1 13.2 16.9 -5.8 1935 363,000 11,735 4,976 6,759 32.3 13.7 18.6 -10.4 1936 367,000 12,727 4,656 8,071 34.7 12.7 22.0 -11.1 1937 371,000 10,954 6,334 4,620 29.5 17.1 12.5 -1.7 1938 376,000 11,804 5,445 6,359 31.4 14.5 16.9 -3.6 1939 393,000 12,214 5,519 6,695 31.1 14.0 17.0 26.2 1940 401,000 13,254 4,678 8,576 33.1 11.7 21.4 -1.4 1941 409,000 11,402 5,058 6,344 27.9 12.4 15.5 4 1942 412,000 9,221 6,747 2,474 22.4 16.4 6.0 1.3 1943 416,000 12,405 5,155 7,250 29.8 12.4 17.4 -7.8 1944 425,000 14,330 4,263 10,067 33.7 10.0 23.7 -2.5 1945 435,000 13,269 4,111 9,158 30.5 9.5 21.1 1.9 1946 447,000 14,482 3,793 10,689 32.4 11.0 23.9 2.9 1947 458,000 15,158 3,875 11,283 33.1 11.0 24.6 -0.6 1948 477,000 15,078 5,250 9,828 31.6 11.0 20.6 19.2 1949 485,000 13,234 5,290 7,944 27.3 11.0 16.4 0.1 1950 494,000 14,517 5,340 9,187 29.4 11.0 18.6 -0.4 1951 502,000 14,403 5,370 9,043 28.7 10.5 18.0 -2.1 1952 508,000 13,358 5,380 7,968 26.3 10.5 15.7 -3.9 1953 515,000 13,446 5,410 8,036 26.1 10.5 15.6 -2 1954 523,000 13,893 5,490 8,403 26.6 10.5 16.1 -0.8 1955 530,000 13,747 5,570 8,177 25.9 10.5 15.4 -2.2 1956 536,000 13,875 5,630 8,215 25.9 10.5 15.3 -4.1 1957 546,000 14,100 5,730 8,350 25.8 10.5 15.3 3 1958 558,000 14,320 5,860 8,480 25.7 10.5 15.2 6.3 1959 567,000 14,411 5,950 8,491 25.4 10.5 15.0 0.9 1960 573,000 14,500 6,020 8,510 25.3 10.5 14.9 -4.4 1961 575,000 15,059 6,206 8,853 26.2 10.8 15.4 -11.9 1962 577,000 14,787 6,101 8,686 25.6 10.6 15.0 -11.6 1963 582,000 14,602 6,079 8,523 25.1 10.4 14.6 -6.1 1964 587,000 14,224 6,206 8,018 24.2 10.6 13.7 -5.1 1965 591,000 13,707 6,061 7,646 23.2 10.3 12.9 -6.2 1966 595,000 13,250 5,991 7,259 22.3 10.1 12.2 -5.5 1967 599,000 12,788 5,971 6,817 21.3 10.0 11.4 -4.7 1968 604,000 12,403 5,958 6,445 20.5 9.9 10.7 -2.4 1969 609,000 12,046 5,946 6,100 19.8 9.8 10.0 -1.8 1970 614,000 11,801 5,998 5,803 19.2 9.8 9.4 -1.3 1971 620,000 11,641 5,983 5,658 18.8 9.7 9.1 0.6 1972 627,000 11,620 6,043 5,577 18.5 9.6 8.9 2.3 1973 634,000 11,600 6,047 5,553 18.3 9.5 8.8 2.3 1974 630,000 10,578 6,900 3,678 16.8 11.0 5.8 -12.2 1975 610,000 9,768 4,823 4,945 16.0 7.9 8.1 -40.9 1976 599,000 11,194 5,148 6,046 18.7 8.6 10.1 -28.5 1977 599,000 10,951 5,445 5,506 18.3 9.1 9.2 -9.2 1978 601,000 11,299 5,048 6,251 18.8 8.4 10.4 -7.1 1979 605,000 11,920 5,083 6,837 19.7 8.4 11.3 -4.7 1980 611,000 12,464 5,682 6,782 20.4 9.3 11.1 -1.3 1981 618,000 12,111 5,190 6,921 19.6 8.4 11.2 0.1 1982 625,000 12,985 5,307 7,678 20.8 8.5 12.3 -1.1 1983 632,000 13,078 5,433 7,645 20.7 8.6 12.1 -1 1984 640,000 13,182 5,119 8,063 20.6 8.0 12.6 -0.1 1985 648,000 12,622 5,502 7,120 19.5 8.5 11.0 1.4 1986 654,000 12,753 5,494 7,259 19.5 8.4 11.1 -1.9 1987 660,000 12,331 5,869 6,462 18.7 8.9 9.8 -0.7 1988 665,000 12,753 5,845 6,908 19.2 8.8 10.4 -2.9 1989 671,000 12,141 5,702 6,439 18.1 8.5 9.6 -0.7 1 The numbers of births and deaths 1901–1932 are estimates calculated from the birth and death rates.
Area under the effective control of the Republic of Cyprus
Historical data about main demographic indicators from 1990 to 2022, for the southern part of the island:
Notable events in Cyprus demographics: 1974 – Turkish invasion of Cyprus 2012–2013 Cypriot financial crisis
Average populationLive birthsDeathsNatural changeCrude birth rate (per 1000)Crude death rate (per 1000)Natural change (per 1000)Crude migration change (per 1000)Total fertility rateInfant mortality rate 1990 579,400 10,622 4,844 5,778 18.3 8.4 10.02.4211.0 1991 594,900 10,442 5,075 5,367 17.6 8.5 9.0 172.3311.0 1992 610,600 11,372 5,220 6,152 18.6 8.5 10.1 15.62.4910.0 1993 625,800 10,514 4,789 5,725 16.8 7.7 9.1 15.12.248.6 1994 639,000 10,379 4,924 5,455 16.2 7.7 8.5 12.12.178.6 1995 650,700 9,869 4,935 4,934 15.2 7.6 7.6 10.42.038.5 1996 660,900 9,638 4,958 4,680 14.6 7.5 7.1 8.41.968.3 1997 670,400 9,275 5,173 4,102 13.8 7.7 6.1 8.11.878.0 1998 678,900 8,879 5,432 3,447 13.1 8.0 5.1 7.41.767.0 1999 686,400 8,505 5,070 3,435 12.4 7.4 5.0 5,91.676.0 2000 693,600 8,447 5,355 3,092 12.2 7.7 4.5 5.91.645.6 2001 701,300 8,167 4,827 3,340 11.6 6.9 4.8 6.21.574.9 2002 709,100 7,883 5,168 2,715 11.1 7.3 3.8 7.21.494.7 2003 717,800 8,088 5,200 2,888 11.3 7.2 4.0 8.11.514.1 2004 727,500 8,309 5,225 3,084 11.4 7.2 4.2 9.11.523.5 2005 738,100 8,243 5,425 2,818 11.2 7.3 3.8 10.51.484.6 2006 750,300 8,731 5,127 3,604 11.6 6.8 4.8 11.51.523.1 2007 766,400 8,575 5,380 3,195 11.2 7.0 4.2 16.81.443.1 2008 785,700 9,205 5,194 4,011 11.7 6.6 5.1 19.51.483.52009807,1009,608 5,182 4,42611.9 6.4 5.5 211.483.3 2010827,7009,801 5,103 4,69811.8 6.2 5.6 19.21.443.22011849,0009,622 5,504 4,11811.3 6.5 4.8 20.21.353.12012863,90010,161 5,507 4,65411.8 6.4 5.4 11.91.403.42013861,9009,341 5,150 4,19110.8 6.0 4.9 -7.21.311.62014853,2009,258 5,426 3,83210.8 6.3 4.5 -14.71.311.92015843,1009,170 5,882 3,28810.6 6.8 3.8 -15.91.312.62016849,8009,455 5,472 3,98310.9 6.3 4.6 3.21.362.72017860,2009,229 6,034 3,19510.6 6.9 3.7 8.41.341.42018870,8009,329 5,812 3,51710.6 6.6 4.0 8.11.362.62019880,6009,548 6,267 3,28110.7 7.0 3.7 7.41.402.82020896,0009,930 6,381 2.29710.9 7.2 3.7 14.61.452.12021904,70010,309 7,250 3,05911.2 7.9 3.3 6.21.462.92022920,70010,187 7,307 2,88010.9 7.8 3.1 14.31.443.32023933,50010,2416,742 3,49910.7 7.0 3.7 101.454.52024966,4009,7666,753 3,013 10.0 6.9 3.1 30.91.402025983,0009,2306,8042,4269.36.92.41.34 (e)2026996,600
Current vital statistics + Period Live births Deaths Natural increase January - June 2024 4,595 3,353 +1,242 January - June 2025 4,368 3,703 +665 Difference –227 (-4.94%) +350 (+10.44%) –577 Source:
Life expectancy
PeriodLife expectancy inYearsPeriodLife expectancy inYears1950–195566.71985–199076.11955–196070.41990–199576.91960–196571.91995–200077.71965–197073.12000–200578.31970–197574.32005–201079.01975–198075.32010–201579.91980–198576.12015–202081.23 Source: UN World Population Prospects
Structure of the population
Age GroupMaleFemaleTotal% Total 408 780 431 627 840 407 100 0–4 23 061 21 954 45 015 5.36 5–9 21 921 20 714 42 635 5.07 10–14 24 179 23 119 47 298 5.63 15–19 28 683 27 135 55 818 6.64 20–24 33 891 32 182 66 073 7.86 25–29 36 992 37 122 74 114 8.82 30–34 33 149 36 685 69 834 8.31 35–39 27 754 34 108 61 862 7.36 40–44 27 031 32 697 59 728 7.11 45–49 27 059 30 181 57 240 6.81 50–54 27 517 28 611 56 128 6.68 55–59 23 771 23 991 47 762 5.68 60–64 22 057 22 977 45 034 5.36 65–69 17 656 18 672 36 328 4.32 70–74 14 044 15 389 29 433 3.50 75–79 9 647 11 411 21 058 2.51 80+ 10 342 14 606 24 948 2.97 unknown 26 73 99 0.01Age groupMaleFemaleTotalPercent 0–14 69 161 65 787 134 948 16.06 15–64 287 904 305 689 593 593 70.63 65+ 51 689 60 078 111 767 13.30