In certain areas of England, conservators are statutory bodies which manage areas of countryside for the use of the public.
Establishment, role and powers
Conservators are bodies corporate generally established, and granted their powers, by a scheme made under the Commons Act 1876Information about the Commons Acts 1876 and 1899, and Table of Commons Regulated under the Commons Act 1876, Department for the Environment, Food and Rural Affairs (39 & 40 Vict. c. 56) or by a local act of Parliament.See individual Conservators' websites below, but for example the River Cam Conservancy Act 1922, the Ashdown Forest Act 1974 or the County of Kent Act 1981.
The exact role and powers of each group of conservators are defined by their establishing act and vary, but in general terms their role is to: regulate and manage their area for public recreation, protect the rights of commoners (if applicable) and conserve the natural beauty of their area.
Conservators often have the power to manage the land, and the trees, plants and animals on it, to provide recreation facilities, to control activity within their area, regulate navigation on waterways and to make byelaws.
Membership
Membership of boards of conservators varies according to the terms of the individual legislation that established them. Examples of types of member include those: elected by commoners or local residents appointed by local councils appointed by universities appointed by a lord of the manor
Future
The Commons Act 2006 provided for the establishment of commons councils to manage common land. Those provisions of the act are not yet in force, but the Department of the Environment, Food and Rural Affairs (DEFRA) plans to bring them into force in the spring of 2009. The commons councils established under the act will have a similar role to that of existing conservators. According to DEFRA's website, commons councils will only be established where there is a local wish and will not be imposed. Where a commons council is established, the act provides powers for DEFRA to alter or remove existing management arrangements (which could include Conservators) where they might conflict with the functions granted to a new commons council.How is Common Land managed?, Department for the Environment, Food and Rural Affairs
Examples of conservators Conservators of Ashdown ForestConservators of Ashdown Forest Malvern Hills Conservators Conservators of the River CamConservators of the River Cam Banstead Commons ConservatorsBanstead Commons Conservators Wimbledon and Putney Commons ConservatorsWimbledon and Putney Commons Conservators Tumbridge Wells Commons ConservatorsTunbridge Wells Commons Conservators Mitcham Common ConservatorsMitcham Common Conservators Shenfield Common ConservatorsShenfield Common Conservators Epsom and Walton Downs Conservators Mousehold Heath ConservatorsMousehold Heath Conservators Conservators of Therfield Heath and Greens Oxshott Heath ConservatorsOxshott Heath Conservators Chislehurst and St Paul's Cray Commons Conservators The Common Council of the City of London is the Conservator of Epping ForestCity of London open spaces Cleeve Common Board of ConservatorsCleeve Common Board of Conservators
Similar bodies Dartmoor Commoners' CouncilDartmoor Commoners' Council Greenham and Crookham Commons Commissioners
Notes