Megalancistrus barrae is a species of freshwater ray-finned fish belonging to the family Loricariidae, the suckermouth armoured catfishes, and the subfamily Hypostominae, the suckermouth catfishes. This catfish is endemic to Brazil where it is found in the São Francisco River basin in the states of Bahia and Sergipe. This species reaches a standard length of and a maximum weight of .
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