Kostrzewski (feminine Kostrzewska) is a Polish surname. Notable people with the surname include:
Barbara Kostrzewska (1915–1986), Polish singer and theatre director Franciszek Kostrzewski (1826–1911), Polish painter Józef Kostrzewski (1885–1969), Polish archeologist Mateusz Kostrzewski (born 1989), Polish professional basketball player Roman Kostrzewski (1960–2022), Polish heavy metal musician Stefan Kostrzewski (1902–1999), Polish sprinter