Howitzers are one of two primary types of field artillery. Historically, howitzers fired a heavy shell in a high-trajectory from a relatively short barrel and their range was limited but they were slightly more mobile than similar size field guns. Since the end of World War II, howitzers have gained longer barrels and hence increased range to become gun-howitzers.
Towed howitzers Caliber (mm) Weapon name Country of origin Period 87.6 Ordnance QF 25-pounder gun-howitzer World War II, modern 87.6 Ordnance QF 25-pounder Short Mark 1 gun-howitzer World War II 94 Ordnance QF 95 mm howitzer, infantry World War II 100 10 cm M. 14 Feldhaubitze World Wars I, II 100 Skoda houfnice vz 14/19 World Wars I, II 100 10 cm houfnice vz. 28 World War II 100 10 cm houfnice vz. 30 World War II 100 Škoda 10 cm vz. 38 howitzer World War II 104 10 cm Feldhaubitze M 99 World War I 104 Long Cecil Second Boer War 105 Canon de 105 court mle 1934 Schneider World War II 105 Canon de 105 court mle 1935 B World War II 105 GIAT LG1 Modern 105 KH178 howitzer Cold War 105 Pindad ME-105 Modern 105 Obice da 105/14 World War II 105 Type 91 10 cm howitzer 2nd Sino-Japanese War 105 10.5 cm Feldhaubitze M.12 / Romania World War I 105 10.5 cm MÁVAG 40.M World War II10510.5 cm MÁVAG 42.MWorld War II 105 10.5 cm Feldhaubitze 98/09 World War I 105 10.5 cm leFH 16 World War I 105 10.5 cm leFH 18 World War II 105 10.5 cm leFH 18M World War II 105 10.5 cm leFH 18/40 World War II 105 G7 howitzer Modern 105 OTO Melara Mod 56 Malaya, Aden, Vietnam, Falklands 105 L118 light gun Falklands, Yugoslavia, Iraq, Afghanistan 105 L119 light gun Modern 105 105 mm howitzer M2, M101 World War II, Vietnam 105 105 mm howitzer M3 World War II 105 M102 howitzer Vietnam, Grenada, Gulf War, Iraq 105 M618A2 Modern 105 10,5 cm haubits m/10 World War I 105 Bofors 10.5 cm howitzer Model 1924 World War II 105 10,5 cm haubits m/40 World War II 105 M-56 howitzer Cold War 105 Obusier de 105 modèle 1950 Cold War 114 QF 4.5 inch howitzer World Wars I, II 115 XM70E2 towed multiple launch rocket howitzer 1959-63 120 12 cm felthaubits/m32 World War II 120 120 mm howitzer Model 1901 Balkan Wars, World War I, Finnish Civil War, Hungarian–Romanian War 120 120 mm Krupp howitzer M1905 World War I 120 Type 38 12 cm howitzer World War I 120 Obusier de 120 mm modèle 1890 World War I 120 Obusier de 120 mm C mle 1897 Schneider-Canet Balkan Wars, World War I 120 Obusier de 120 mm mle 15TR World War I 122 122 mm howitzer M1909 World War I 122 122 mm howitzer M1910 World War I 122 122 mm howitzer M1910/30 World War II 122 122 mm howitzer M1909/37 World War II 122 122 mm howitzer M1938 (M-30) World War II 122 122 mm howitzer 2A18 (D-30) 122 D-74 122 mm field gun Cold War 122 Type 54 howitzer Cold War 122 Type 83 howitzer Modern 122 Type 60 howitzer Cold War, modern 122 HM-40 howitzer 127 BL 5 inch howitzer Second Boer War, World War I 130 130 mm towed field gun M1954 (M-46) Cold War 137.2 BL 5.4 inch howitzer World War I 149.1 15 cm fästningshaubits m/02 World War I 149.1 15 cm haubits M/19 World War I149.115 cm 31.MWorld War II 149.1 15 cm haubits m/38 World War II 149.1 15 cm haubits m/39 World War II 149.1 Obice da 149/12 World Wars I, II 149.1 Obice da 149/19 modello 37 World War II 149.1 15 cm Mörser M 80 World War I 149.1 15 cm schwere Feldhaubitze M 94 World War I 149.1 15 cm schwere Feldhaubitze M 14 World War I 149.1 15 cm schwere Feldhaubitze M. 15 World War I 149.1 15 cm hruba houfnice vz. 25 World War II 149.1 15 cm sIG 33 World War II 149.1 15 cm sFH 18 World War II 149.1 15 cm sFH 36 World War II 149.2 Type 38 15 cm howitzer 2nd Sino-Japanese War 149.2 Type 4 15 cm howitzer 2nd Sino-Japanese War 149.2 Type 96 15 cm howitzer 2nd Sino-Japanese War 149.7 15 cm sFH 93 World War I 149.7 15 cm sFH 02 World War I 149.7 15 cm sFH 13 World War I 150 Obusier de 15 cm TR Schneider-Canet-du-Bocage , World War I 152.4 BL 6-inch 30 cwt howitzer Second Boer War, World War I 152.4 M1908 6-inch howitzer World war I 152.4 152 mm howitzer M1909 World War I 152.4 152 mm howitzer M1910 World War I 152.4 BL 6-inch 26 cwt howitzer World Wars I, II 152.4 152 mm howitzer M1909/30 World War II 152.4 152 mm howitzer M1910/37 World War II 152.4 152 mm gun M1935 (Br-2) World War II 152.4 152 mm howitzer-gun M1937 (ML-20) World War II 152.4 152 mm howitzer M1938 (M-10) World War II 152.4 152 mm howitzer M1943 (D-1) World War II 152.4 152 mm howitzer 2A65 Msta-B, M1987 Cold War 152.4 152 mm towed gun-howitzer M1955 (D-20) Vietnam War, Six-day War, Iran-Iraq War, Syrian Civil War 152 152 mm towed gun-howitzer M1955 (D-20), M84 NORA field gun 152 Type 66 howitzer Cold War, modern 152 Type 83 howitzer Modern 152 152 H 88 Cold War 155 Obusier de 155 mm C modèle 1881 World War I 155 Obusier de 155 mm C modèle 1890 World War I 155 Rimailho Model 1904TR World War I 155 Canon de 155 C modèle 1915 St. Chamond World Wars I, II 155 Canon de 155 C mle 1917 Schneider World Wars I, II 155 M114 155 mm howitzer, M1 World War II, 1980s, modern 155 155 mm gun M1, M2, M59, Long Tom World War II, Cold War, modern 155 FH70 howitzer , , Cold War, modern 155 Obusier de 155 mm Modèle 50 Cold War 155 Fälthaubits 77 Cold War, modern 155 FH-88 howitzer Modern 155 FH-2000 howitzer Modern 155 SLWH Pegasus (Singapore light weight howitzer) Modern 155 G5 howitzer Cold War, modern 155 GC-45 howitzer Cold War, modern 155 GC-45 howitzer, GHN-45 variant , Iraq Cold War, modern 155 KH179 howitzer Cold War 155 M198 howitzer Cold War, modern 155 M389 howitzer 155 ATAGS Modern 155 Bharat 52 Modern 155 Dhanush (howitzer) Modern 155 HM-41 Modern 155 155 K 83 Modern 155 155 GH 52 APU Modern 155 M777 howitzer Modern 155 Royal Ordnance light towed howitzer 155 Santa Bárbara Sistemas 155/52 Modern 155 Soltam M-68 howitzer Cold War 155 Soltam M-71 howitzer Cold War 155 ATHOS 2052 Modern 155 TRF1 Modern 155 Trajan Nexter Modern 155 Norinco AH4 howitzer 155 mm Modern 155 CITER 155 mm L33 gun Cold War, modern 155 Cañón 155 mm L 45 CALA 30 Modern 155 Panter howitzer Modern 160 RML 6.3-inch howitzer Second Boer War 173 17 cm Kanone 18 World War II 180 18 cm kurze Kanone M 80 1881-1918 180-203 S-23 1955–1971 182.9 BL 7.2-inch howitzer Mk.I to Mk.6 World War II 203 BL 8-inch howitzer Mk I – V World War I 203 BL 8-inch howitzer Mk VI – VIII World Wars I, II 203 M115 howitzer, 8 inch M1 World War II, Cold War 203 203 mm howitzer M1931 (B-4) World War II 210 Obice da 210/22 World War II 210 21 cm Mörser M. 16/18 World Wars I, II 210 21 cm Kanone 39 World War II 210 210 mm gun M1939 (Br-17) / World War II 211 21 cm Mörser 99 World War I 211 21 cm Versuchmörser 06 World War I 211 21 cm Mörser 10 World War I 211 21 cm Mörser 16 World War I 211 21 cm Mrs 18 World War II 220 220 mm TR mle 1915/1916 World Wars I, II 233.7 BL 9.2-inch howitzer World Wars I, II 240 24 cm Mörser M 98 World War I 240 M1918 240 mm howitzer World War I 240 240 mm howitzer M1 World War II, Korean War 240 Type 45 240 mm howitzer World War II 240 Type 96 24 cm howitzer World War II 280 28 cm howitzer L/10 Russo-Japanese War, World Wars I, II 280 M65 atomic cannon, Atomic Annie Cold War 283 28 cm Haubitze L/12 World War I 283 28 cm Haubitze L/14 i.R. World War I 305 Skoda 305 mm Model 1911 World War I 305 Obice da 305/17 World War I 305 BL 12-inch howitzer World Wars I, II 305 305 mm howitzer M1939 (Br-18) , World War II 381 BL 15-inch howitzer World War I 420 42 cm Haubitze M-Gerät World War I 420 42 cm Haubitze M. 14/16/17 World Wars I, II
Self-propelled howitzers
Caliber (mm) Weapon name Country of originEntered service 75 M8 howitzer motor carriage 1942155AHS Krab2017 75 Semovente da 75/18 1942 75 Sav m/43 1944 83.8 Birch gun 1928 87.6 Bishop 1942 87.6 Sexton 1943 94 Ordnance QF 95 mm howitzer on Cromwell, Centaur and Churchill CS tanks 1944 105 Sav m/43 1944 105 Ikv 102/103 1953 105 FV433 Abbot SPG 1965 105 K105A1 2022 105 StuH 42 1943105Zrínyi II1943 105 M7 Priest 1942 105 Wespe 1943 105 Type 74 105 mm self-propelled howitzer 1975 105 M37 howitzer motor carriage 1950 105 M52 howitzer motor carriage 1955 105 M108 self-propelled howitzer 1962 105 Mk 61 105 mm self-propelled howitzer 1958 114 BT-42 /1943 122 2S1 Gvodzika / M1974 1972 122 Type 54 SPA 1954 122 Raad 1 1996 122 PLZ-07 2009122PCL-092010 122 Type 85 SPA 1985 122 PLZ-89 1999 122 PCL-171 2020 122 PCL-161 2020122SORA self-propelled howitzer2009 - Prototype 122 Mareșal 1944 - Prototype/Cancelled130M-46 Catapult 1981 150 Bison 1940 150 15cm sFH13/1 (Sf) auf Geschützwagen Lorraine Schlepper (f). 1940 150 Sturmpanzer II 1942 150 Grille 1943 150 Hummel 1943 150 Type 4 Ho-Ro 1944 152 Type 83 SPH 1983 152 Nora B-52 2006 152 2S43 Malva 2023 152 152 mm ShKH-77 Dana (SpGH Mk.1977) 1981 152 2S5 Giatsint 1978 152.4 2S3 Akatsiya / M1973 1971 152.4 2S19 MSTA-S 1988 152.4 or 155 2S35 Koalitsiya-SV 20231552S22 Bohdana 2022 155 155 mm ShKH Zuzana 2000 (SpGH Model 2000) 1998155Zuzana 2 2019155Type 19 2018 155 EVA 2015155HM-41 2017 155 ShKH EVA M2 2023 - Prototype 155 Artillery Gun Module 2022 155 Bandkanon 1 1965 155 Archer artillery system 2016 155 AS-90 1992 155 CAESAR 2008 155 KRAB howitzer 155 mm 2008 155 AMX-13 Mk F3 1962 155 Raad 2 1997 155 K9 Thunder 1999 155 M12 gun motor carriage 1942 155 M40 gun motor carriage 1945 155 M41 howitzer motor carriage 1944 155 M44 self-propelled howitzer 1954 155 M52 self-propelled howitzer / 1952 155 M53 self-propelled gun 1952 155 M109 series self-propelled howitzer 1963 155 XM2001 Crusader 2002 - Cancelled 155 Palmaria 1977 155 PzH 2000 1998 155 Rascal light SPH 1985 155 ATMOS 2000 2001 155 SSPH Primus 2002 155 G6 howitzer 1988 155 Type 75 155 mm self-propelled howitzer 1975 155 Type 99 155 mm self-propelled howitzer 1999 155 Type 88 / PLZ-45 1997 155 PLZ-05 2008 155 PCL-181 2019 155 AMX 30 AuF1 1977 155 T-155 Firtina / 2001 155 TAM VCA Palmaria / 1981 155 Slammer (Sholef) 1984 170 M-1978 Koksan 1978 175 M107 self-propelled gun 1962 203 2S7 Pion 1976 203 M43 howitzer motor carriage 1945 203 M55 self-propelled howitzer 1952 203 M110 self-propelled howitzer 1963 210 Al-Fao 1990 - Cancelled 240 T92 howitzer motor carriage 1945 280 Mortier 280 mm TR de Schneider sur affût-chenilles St Chamond 1919 406 2A3 Kondensator 2P 1956 420 2B1 Oka 1957 - Cancelled1202S40 Floks2023
Fixed howitzers Caliber (mm)Weapon nameCountry of originUsage535,3 cm L24 Kanone 188719th century757,5 cm L30 Kanone 1903 (Dailly-Aiguille, based on Krupp Model 03)early 20th century757,5 cm L30 Befestigungskanone 38.World War II757,5 cm L30 Befestigungskanone 39.World War II848,4 cm Kanone 1871/8819th century848,4 cm Krupp Kanone 1880 (Dailly, Airolo, Stuei)19th century10510,5 cm L42 Festungkanone 1935, K+W Thun.World War II10510,5 cm L52 Turmkanone 1939World War II149.115 cm fästningshaubits m/06World War I150Krupp 1877 (Dailly) 19th century15015 cm L42 Bunkerkanone 1942/46, K+W Thun,World War II15015 cm L42 Turmkanone 1958, K+W Thun.Cold war155Bison Fortress artillery 93 (15.5 cm L52)Modern30530,5 cm kusthaubits m/16 World War I40616-inch howitzer M1920World War II42042 cm Gamma-GerätWorld War I World War II
References