Samuel Caldwell may refer to:
Samuel H. Caldwell (1904–1960), American electrical engineer Samuel R. Caldwell (1880–1941), first American citizen convicted under the 1937 Marijuana Tax Act Samuel Richard Caldwell (1813–1905), Canadian politician Sam Caldwell (1892–1953), American oilman and Louisiana politician
See also Samuel Caldwell House, located in Caldwell, Ohio