Law enforcement in New York City is carried out by numerous federal, state, city and private agencies. New York City has the highest concentration of law enforcement in the United States.
Powers Members of New York City law enforcement agencies receive their powers and authority from New York State Criminal Procedure Law as listed: Police Officers who are listed under Article 2, §1.20 section 34 (A through V). Peace Officers who are listed under Article 2, §2.10 (1 through 85). The authority of peace officers are very limited by sections and/or subdivisions of the criminal procedure law, New York State penal law and employer restrictions.
Authority Police Officer Police officers as listed and define under NYS Criminal Procedure Law 1.20 The authority of a police officers in New York State are the most broad.
Peace Officer Peace officers are listed and defined under criminal procedure law 2.20. The authority of peace officers are limited by sections and/or subdivisions of the criminal procedure law, New York State penal law and employer restrictions. Peace officers are more restrictive and have limited roles as set forth by New York State laws and their employer.
NYC Special Patrolmen Special patrolmen is unique in New York City, it is granted by the Police Commissioner of New York City Police Department NYPD to New York City agencies, as well as privately owned and operated companies & corporations who are responsible for maintaining safety and security at facilities and properties in connection with their special employment. Such designation confers very limited NYS Peace Officer authority upon the employee pursuant to New York State Criminal Procedure Law § 2.10 sub(27). The exercise of this authority is very limited to the employee's geographical area of employment. Special Patrolman are required to keep their status for the duration of employment and adhere with all rules promulgated by the Police Commissioner of the City of New York.
NYC Special Officer Special officer are responsible for maintaining safety and security at facilities operate within specific locations such as city hospitals, shelters and some specific municipal buildings. Special officers have very limited New York State peace officers authority pursuant to New York State Criminal Procedure law 2.10, and employer restrictions, such designation is also limited to the employee's geographical area of employment.
List of city agencies
+ Patch Agency Parent agency Responsibility Title Personnel (approx.) New York City Police Department - Primary Policing agency within New York City Police OfficersNew York State Criminal Procedure Law, Article 1, §1.20, ss 34(d) 36,230 New York City Department of Environmental Protection Police New York City Department of Environmental Protection (DEP) Protecting NYC's water supply system Police OfficersNew York State Criminal Procedure Law, Article 1, §1.20, ss 34(o) 200 New York City Fire Department Fire Marshals New York City Fire Department (FDNY) Investigation of serious fires and arson within NYC Police OfficersNew York State Criminal Procedure Law, Article 1, §1.20, ss 34(i) 150 New York City Sheriff's Office New York City Department of Finance (DOF) Enforcing of civil court orders and investigate tax and deed fraud in NYC Peace OfficersNew York State Criminal Procedure Law, Article 2, §2.10, ss 2 and ss 5 150 New York City Department of Correction - Care and custody of inmates in NYC correctional facilities Peace OfficersNew York State Criminal Procedure Law, Article 2, §2.10, ss 25 5,619 New York City Department of Probation - Supervision of people placed on probation by the NYC court system. Peace OfficersNew York State Criminal Procedure Law, Article 2, §2.10, ss 24 60 New York City Administration for Children's Services Police New York City Administration for Children's Services (ACS) Safety and security at New York City Administration for Children's Services facilities including juvenile justice detention centers Special Officer 210 New York City Business Integrity Commission - Regulating private catering industry, public wholesale markets businesses, and the shipboard gambling industry Special PatrolmenNew York State Criminal Procedure Law, Article 2, §2.10, ss 82 60 New York City Department of Citywide Administrative Services Police New York City Department of Citywide Administrative Services (DCAS) Safety and security at NYC Department of Citywide Administrative Services facilities. Special OfficerNew York State Criminal Procedure Law, Article 2, §2.10, ss 27 15 New York City Health + Hospitals Police New York City Health and Hospitals Corporation (HHC) Safety and security of NYC Health and Hospital Corporation facilities Special OfficerNew York State Criminal Procedure Law, Article 2, §2.10, ss 40 805 New York City Department of Health and Mental Hygiene Police New York City Department of Health and Mental Hygiene (DOHMH) Safety and security at NYC Department of Health and Mental Hygiene facilities. Special OfficerNew York State Criminal Procedure Law, Article 2, §2.10, ss 82 10 New York City Department of Homeless Services Police New York City Department of Homeless Services (DHS) Safety and security at NYC Department of Homeless Facilities Special OfficerNew York State Criminal Procedure Law, Article 2, §2.10, ss 27 380 New York City Human Resources Administration Police New York City Human Resources Administration (HRA) Safety and security at NYC Department of Human Resources Administration Facilities Special OfficerNew York State Criminal Procedure Law, Article 2, §2.10, ss 27 130 New York City Department of Investigation - Investigating NYC governmental corruption & fraud Special PatrolmenNew York State Criminal Procedure Law, Article 2, §2.10, ss 38 35 New York City Parks Enforcement Patrol New York City Department of Parks and Recreation Safety and security at NYC Parks and properties Special PatrolmenNew York State Criminal Procedure Law, Article 2, §2.10, ss 27 85 New York City Police Department School Safety Division New York City Police Department (NYPD) Safety and security at NYC public schools Special PatrolmenNew York State Criminal Procedure Law, Article 2, §2.10, ss 27 5000 New York City Department of Sanitation Police New York City Department of Sanitation (DSNY) Enforcement of NYC Sanitation laws and health code regulations Special PatrolmenNew York State Criminal Procedure Law, Article 2, §2.10, ss 59 80 New York City Taxi and Limousine Commission Police New York City Taxi and Limousine Commission (TLC) Enforcement of NYC taxi licensing regulations concerning livery vehicles Special PatrolmenNew York State Criminal Procedure Law, Article 2, §2.10, ss 27 205
Since 1942, correction and probation services have been handled by separate agencies, not the sheriff's office.McKinley, Jesse. "F.Y.I." , The New York Times, November 27, 1994. Accessed January 21, 2008. "Established in 1626, the Sheriff's office in Manhattan and its equivalents in the other boroughs served as a major part of the patchwork of law-enforcement agencies that existed before the city's consolidation in 1898. After that, the new New York City Police Department took over the responsibility for criminal investigations and arrests. As recently as 1942, the Sheriff was also responsible for manning and administering the city's jails, a duty now carried by the Department of Correction. Today, the sheriff's primary duties are enforcing court-ordered judgments and fines, including unpaid parking tickets and littering fines, and collecting judgments from reluctant losers in private lawsuits, said John George, the Sheriff's executive assistant. "
The New York City Marshals, who are independent public officers enforcing civil debt, are not peace officers. New York City Marshals are regulated by the New York City Department of Investigation.
State agencies The Government of New York State operates one of the highest numbers of law enforcement agencies in the United States. While their jurisdiction stretches throughout New York City, many functions are duplicated by municipal agencies.
New York State Office of the Attorney General Criminal Justice Division - Investigations New York State Police New York State Department of Corrections and Community Supervision Correction Officers and Parole Officers New York State Court Officers New York State Department of Environmental Conservation New York State Department of Environmental Conservation Police New York State Forest Rangers New York State Park Police New York State Division of Military and Naval Affairs New York State Department of Motor Vehicles Division of Field Investigation New York State Office of Cannabis Management New York State Cannabis Enforcement Division New York State Office of Children and Family Services Bureau of Juvenile Detention Services New York State Office of Mental Health Police New York State Office for People With Developmental Disabilities Police New York State Office of Tax Enforcement New York Waterfront Commission Police
Interstate agencies These agencies have jurisdiction in both New York and neighboring states.
List of Agencies + Patch Agency Parent Agency Function TitleStates Number of Personnel Port Authority of New York and New Jersey Police Department Port Authority of New York and New Jersey General law enforcement concerning PANYNJ Police OfficerNew York and New Jersey 2200+Metropolitan Transportation Authority Police DepartmentMetropolitan Transportation Authority General law enforcement concerning LIRR, MNR, and SIRR properties Police officerNew York and Connecticut 1,200
Other public agencies MTA Bridge and Tunnel Officers Roosevelt Island Public Safety Department
Federal agencies
Administrative Office of the United States Courts Probation and Pretrial Services System Amtrak Police Department United States Department of Agriculture Forest Service Law Enforcement & Investigations United States Department of Defense Army Civilian Police Army Criminal Investigation Command Army Military Police Corps Air Force Office of Special Investigations Air Force Police Naval Criminal Investigative Service Navy Police United States Department of Homeland Security Coast Guard Customs and Border Protection (Border Patrol and Office of Field Ops) Federal Air Marshal Service Federal Protective Service Immigration and Customs Enforcement Enforcement and Removal Operations (ERO) Homeland Security Investigations (HSI) Secret Service Transportation Security Administration United States Department of the Interior Fish and Wildlife Office of Law Enforcement National Park Service Law Enforcement Rangers United States Park Police United States Department of Justice Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms and Explosives Drug Enforcement Administration Federal Bureau of Investigation FBI Police Federal Bureau of Prisons United States Marshals Service United States Department of State Diplomatic Security Service United States Department of the Treasury Federal Reserve Police IRS Criminal Investigation Division United States Mint Police United States Department of Veterans Affairs Police United States Environmental Protection Agency Criminal Investigation Division United States Postal Inspection Service Smithsonian Police (for the George Gustav Heye Center and the Cooper Hewitt, Smithsonian Design Museum)
Campus safety