The hooked squid, family Onychoteuthidae, currently comprise about 20–25 species (several known from only single life stages and thus unconfirmed), in six or seven genera. They range in mature mantle length from to a suggested length of for the largest member, Onykia robusta. The family is characterised by the presence of hooks only on the tentacular clubs, a simple, straight, funnel–mantle locking apparatus, and a 'step' inside the jaw angle of the lower beak. With the exception of the Arctic Ocean, the family is found worldwide.
Species
Genus Onychoteuthis Lichtenstein, 1818 Onychoteuthis banksii (Leach, 1817) – common clubhook squid Onychoteuthis bergii* Lichtenstein, 1818 Onychoteuthis mollis* Appelloef, 1891 Onychoteuthis compacta Berry, 1913 Onychoteuthis borealijaponica Okada, 1927 – boreal clubhook squid Onychoteuthis meridiopacifica Rancurel & Okutani, 1990 Onychoteuthis lacrima Bolstad & Seki in Bolstad, 2008 Onychoteuthis prolata Bolstad, Vecchione & Young in Bolstad, 2008 Onychoteuthis horstkottei Bolstad, 2010 Genus Onykia Lesueur, 1821 (includes most species previously placed in Moroteuthis) Subgenus Onykia Onykia carriboea Lesueur, 1821 – tropical clubhook squid Onykia robusta (Verrill, 1876) – robust clubhook squid Onykia loennbergii (Ishikawa & Wakiya, 1914) – Japanese hooked squid Onykia aequatorialis* Thiele, 1920 Onykia robsoni (Adam, 1962) – rugose hooked squid Onykia indica* Okutani, 1981 incertae sedis ?Onykia appelloefi* Pfeffer, 1900 Genus Ancistroteuthis Gray, 1849 Ancistroteuthis lichtensteinii (Ferussac, 1835) – angel clubhook squid or angel squid Genus Moroteuthopsis Pfeffer, 1908 Moroteuthopsis ingens (Smith, 1881) – greater hooked squid Moroteuthopsis longimana Filippova, 1972 Genus Notonykia Nesis, Roeleveld & Nikitina, 1998 Notonykia africanae Nesis, Roeleveld & Nikitina, 1998 Notonykia nesisi Bolstad, 2007 Genus Filippovia Bolstad, 2010 Filippovia knipovitchi (Filippova, 1972) – smooth hooked squid Genus Walvisteuthis Nesis & Nikitina, 1986 Walvisteuthis jeremiahi Vecchione, Sosnowski & Young, 2015 Walvisteuthis rancureli (Okutani, 1981) Walvisteuthis virilis Nesis & Nikitina, 1986 Walvisteuthis youngorum (Bolstad, 2010)
(*) indicates taxa requiring further taxonomic investigation
References
Bolstad, K.S.R. 2008. Systematics of the Onychoteuthidae Gray, 1847 (Cephalopoda: Oegopsida) . Doctoral thesis. Bolstad, K.S.R. 2010. Systematics of the Onychoteuthidae Gray, 1847 (Cephalopoda: Oegopsida). Zootaxa 2696: 1–186. Preview
External links Tree of Life: Onychoteuthidae
Onychoteuthidae discussion forum at TONMO.com Laptikhovsky, V.; Arkhipkin, A.; Bolstad, K.S. 2008.