Kalkbrenner (German: occupational name for a lime burner) is a German surname. Notable people with the surname include:
Christian Kalkbrenner (1755–1806), German bandmaster Friedrich Kalkbrenner (1785–1849), German pianist Fritz Kalkbrenner (born 1981), German musician Paul Kalkbrenner (born 1977), German musician Ryan Kalkbrenner (born 2002), American basketball player