Australasia

Australasia is a geographical subregion of Oceania with ambiguous extents. The term is used in a number of different contexts, including geopolitically, physiogeographically, philologically, and ecologically, where the term covers several slightly different but related regions. Depending on the definition used, it may also include insular parts of Asia. Australasia always includes Australia and New Zealand, and often also includes New Guinea. In its broadest sense, it may include the entire Malay Archipelago (Nusantara).

Derivation and definitions

Charles de Brosses coined the term (as French Australasie) in Histoire des navigations aux terres australes (1756). He derived it from the Latin for "south of Asia" and differentiated the area from Polynesia (to the east) and the southeast Pacific (Magellanica).

In the late 19th century, the term Australasia was used in reference to the "Australasian colonies". In this sense it related specifically to the British colonies south of Asia: New South Wales, Queensland, South Australia, Tasmania, Western Australia, Victoria (i.e., the Australian colonies) and New Zealand.

Australasia found continued geopolitical attention in the early 20th century. Historian Hansong Li finds that against the backdrop of British colonialism, German geopoliticians considered "Australasia" as a counterweight to the former German South Sea Edge (), both of which form the "Indo-Pacific" region.

The New Zealand Oxford Dictionary gives two meanings of "Australasia". One, especially in Australian use, is "Australia, New Zealand, New Guinea, and the neighbouring islands of the Pacific". The other, especially in New Zealand use, is just Australia and New Zealand. Two Merriam-Webster dictionaries online (Collegiate and Unabridged) define Australasia as "Australia, New Zealand, and Melanesia". The American Heritage Dictionary online recognizes two senses in use: one more precise and the other broader, loosely covering all of Oceania.

New Guinea is also considered part of Melanesia as the indigenous population of the area is ethnically Melanesian, while New Zealand is considered part of Polynesia as the native Maori population is ethnically Polynesian.

Demographics Flag Name of region, followed by countries Area(km2) Population() Population density(per km2) Capital ISO 3166-1ISO 3166-2:ID Ashmore and Cartier Islands (Australia) 199 colspan=5 Australia 7,686,850 3.1 Canberra AUCentral Papua (Indonesia)61,073colspan=2 WanggarPT Christmas Island (Australia) 135 1,692 12.5 Flying Fish Cove CX Cocos (Keeling) Islands (Australia) 14 593 42.4 West Island CC Coral Sea Islands (Australia) 10 4 0.4 colspan=3 Highland Papua (Indonesia)51,213colspan=2 JayawijayaPE New Zealand 268,680 17.3 Wellington NZ Norfolk Island (Australia) 35 2,302 65.8 Kingston NFPapua (Indonesia)82,681colspan=2 JayapuraPA Papua New Guinea 462,840 22 Port Moresby PGSouth Papua (Indonesia)117,849colspan=2 SalorPSSouthwest Papua (Indonesia)39,123colspan=2 SorongPDWest Papua (Indonesia)60,275colspan=2 ManokwariPB Australasia (total) 8,418,763 42,836,966 5.1 colspan=3

Australasia

Bron en licentie