Cantillon is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:
Daniel Cantillon (born 1945), American fencer Estelle Cantillon, economist Joe Cantillon (1861–1930), American baseball manager and umpire Marie André Cantillon (1781/82 - 1869), French army officer and failed assassin Paddy Cantillon (fl. 1901), Irish hurler Phil Cantillon (born 1976), British rugby league footballer Richard Cantillon ( – 1734), Irish-French economist Cantillon effect, economic concept proposed by Richard Cantillon
See also Cantillon Brewery, a Belgian brewery