This is a list of wars involving Afghanistan.
Conflict Afghanistanand allies Opponents Results Details Hotak dynasty (1709–1738) Campaigns of Nader Shah(1720s–1747)Empires of Persia: Safavid Iran(prior to 1736) Afsharid Iran (post 1736) Numerous clients & vassal statesPersian victoryPersian victory The Persian Empire expands to its greatest extent since antiquity and subsequently collapses Ephemeral Persian dominance over Central Eurasia Eventual collapse of the Afsharid Empire Battle of Gulnabad(1722) Hotak Dynasty Safavid EmpireHotaki victorySiege of Isfahan(1722) Hotaks Safavid IranHotaki victoryOttoman–Hotaki War (1726–1727) Ottoman EmpireTreaty of HamedanTreaty of Hamedan See outcomeBattle of Damghan (1729) Hotak dynasty Safavid Iran Safavid victorySafavid victory The Hotaki dynasty lost territory in Persia and ended the Hotaki dynasty power in PersiaBattle of Khwar Pass(1729) Hotak dynasty Safavid Iran Safavid victorySafavid victory Ashraf's ambush failedBattle of Murche-Khort(1729) Hotak dynastySupported by: Ottoman Empire Safavid IranSafavid victorySafavid victory Liberation of IsfahanBattle of Zarghan(1730) Hotak dynastylocal Arab tribes Safavid IranSafavid victoryHerat campaign of 1730–1732(1731-1732)Sadozai Sultanate of Herat Hotak dynasty Safavid IranAfghan loyalistsSafavid victorySafavid victory Fall of the Sadozai Sultanate of Herat Herat brought under Persian suzerainty once againSiege of Kandahar(1737-1738) Hotak dynasty Afsharid Persia Afsharid victoryAfsharid victory Fall of the Hotak dynasty. Kandahar and environs are incorporated into Afsharid Persia Part of the city was destroyed by Nader Shah Sadozai Sultanate of Herat (1716–1732)Battle of Sangan(1727)Abdali AfghansSangani Rebels Safavid loyalistsSafavid victorySafavid victory Nader Shah secures the Khaf and Qa'in regions for the SafavidsHerat Campaign of 1729 Abdali Pashtuns (Afghans) Safavid loyalists Safavid victorySafavid victory Herat becomes a vassal of the SafavidsBattle of Kafer Qal'eh(1729) Abdali Afghans Safavid loyalists Safavid victory Durrani Empire (1747–1823)Indian campaign of Ahmad Shah Durrani(1748—1769) Afghan EmpireAllied states: Rohilkhand Amb Sind Kalat Oudh Bahawalpur Malerkotla Las Bela Kharan Pothohar Dera Ghazi Khan Makran Jammu Farrukhabad Chitral Dir Bhimber Kangra Kahlur Chamba Kumaon MankeraAllied tribes and groups: Durrani Yusufzai Marwat Bangash QizilbashAfridiKhattakGandapurKakarJadoonOther states: Bharatpur Jaipur Bhopal Udaipur Garhwal Kashmir Amarkot Junagadh Kurwai Kutch Jhang Durrani victoryBattle of Lahore (1748) Durrani Empire Mughal Empire Durrani victoryBattle of Manupur(1748) Durrani Empire Mughal Empire Kingdom of JaipurMalerkotla State Mughal victoryAfghan–Sikh Wars(1748–1837) Durrani Empire (1747–1823) Emirate of Kabul (1823–1837)Supported by: Khanate of Kalat Kingdom of MankeraPrincipality of QandaharPeshawar Sardars Dal Khalsa (1748–1765) Sikh Confederacy (1765–1799) Sikh Empire (1799–1837)InconclusiveInconclusive Sikhs seize Multan, Kashmir, Peshawar and the Khyber Pass.Battle of Lahore (1752) Durrani Empire Mughal EmpireAfghan victorySack of Delhi (1757) Durrani Empire Mughal Empire Bengal Durrani victoryDurrani victory Kashmir, Lahore, Multan, Sirhind, and all territories west of the Indus river are annexed by the Durrani Empire.Battle of Narela(1757) Durrani EmpireDurrani victoryBattle of Narela(1758-1761)Afghan EmpireMughal Empire Afghan victory:Afghan victory: Afghan Empire retains control over much of contended territories including Peshawar and the Punjab until the Sutlej Mughal emperor exiled and Delhi occupied by Afghan vassal RohilkhandBattle of Taraori (1759) Durrani Empire Mughal Empire Durrani victoryBattle of Barari Ghat(1760) Durrani Empire Kingdom of Rohilkhand Durrani-Rohilla victoryBattle of Sikandarabad(1760) Durrani Empire Kingdom of Rohilkhand Malharro Holkar Durrani victoryThird Battle of Panipat(1761) Durrani EmpireSupported by: Kingdom of Rohilkhand Khanate of Kalat Kingdom of Awadh Amb State Kingdom of Kumaon Sind StateMughal nobles Peshwa Holkar State of Indore Scindia State of Gwalior Gaekwad State of BarodaDurrani victoryKaushik Roy, India's Historic Battles: From Alexander the Great to Kargil, (Orient Longman, 2004), 90.Durrani victory Mughal emperor exiled to AwadhBattle of Nimla (1809) Durrani EmpireCoalition of Shah MahmudMahmud Coalition victoryMahmud Coalition victory Mahmud Shah restored as ruler of the Durrani Empire Durrani Empire usurped by Shah MahmudBattle of Kafir Qala(1818) Durrani Empire Qajar IranInconclusive Emirate of Herat (1793–1863)First Herat War(1837–1838) Emirate of Herat
Supported by: Afghans Aimaq tribesmen Maimana Khanate Andkhui Khanate Sheberghan Khanate Sar-i Pul Khanate Bukhara Emirate Khiva Khanate Qajar Iran
Supported by:Principality of QandahārIranian withdrawalHerat campaign (1862-1863) Principality of Herat Emirate of AfghanistanJamshidi tribeSupported by:Afghan victoryAfghan victory Herat incorporated into the Emirate of Afghanistan Emirate of Kabul (1823-1855) Emirate of Afghanistan (1855-1926)Dost Mohammad's Campaign to Jalalabad (1834) Emirate of Kabul Amirs of JalalabadKunarMohmand TribeBarakzai Afghan victoryBarakzai Afghan victory Subjugation of Jalalabad, Bala Bagh, Laghman, and KunarExpedition of Shuja ul-Mulk(1833-1834)BarakzaiPrincipality of KandaharDurranis Shah Shujah's forcesSupported byBarakzai Afghan victoryBarakzai Afghan victory Shah Shujah forced to retreatFirst Anglo-Afghan War(1838–1842)BarakzaisPrincipality of KandaharKhulm (August 1840, November 1841 onwards.)MarriBugtiAfghan TribesBarakzai LoyalistsDurranis Maimana KhanateKhulm (August 1840 for mere days, September 1840–November 1841)Sadozai loyalistsSupported By: Barakzai Afghan victoryKhost rebellion (1856–1857) AfghanistanRebel tribes
Khostwal WaziriGovernment victoryRebellion suppressedSecond Anglo-Afghan War(1878–1880) British Empire
AfzalidsTreaty of Gandamak Treaty Abdur Rahman Khan installed as Emir Kandahar re-ceded to Afghanistan. Districts of Quetta, Pishin, Sibi, Harnai & Thal Chotiali ceded to British IndiaRussian conquest of Central Asia(1885) Russian victory Russian victory Establishment of Russian Turkestan in Central Asia Bukhara, Khiva, and Kokand made protectorates of the Russian EmpirePanjdeh incident(1885) Defeat Afghan Boundary Commission delineates Afghan–Russian border from 1884 to 1888 Russia cedes Zu'l Faqar but retains Panjdeh See 1888–1893 Hazara uprisings Emirate of AfghanistanHazara people Afghan victoryKilling and displacement of 60% of the Hazara people's population including 35,000 families that fled to northern Afghanistan, Mashhad (Qajar Iran) and QuettaKhost rebellion (1912)Rebel tribes
Mangal Jadran GhilzaiGovernment victoryBasmachi movement (1916–1930) (1917)
Turkestan ASSR Kirghiz ASSR
(from December 30, 1922)
In cooperation with: Amanullah loyalists (1929) (1930) Basmachi movement (1918–20) White Army Alash Autonomy (1919–20)In union with him and Bey Madamin counter-revolutionary robber bands from July 10, 1919, to January 1920. (1920)
Supported by: (until mid-1922)
Saqqawists (1929)Saqqawists had fought only in northern Afghanistan. Soviet-Afghan victorySoviet-Afghan victory Turkestan incorporated into the Soviet UnionKhost rebellion (1912)Rebel tribes
Mangal Jadran GhilzaiGovernment victoryThird Anglo-Afghan War(1919) Inconclusive See Alizai rebellion of 1923Emirate of AfghanistanAlizai rebelsGovernment victoryKhost rebellion(1924– early 1925)Allied tribes: Khogyani ShinwariRebel tribes Mangal Alikhel Sulaimankhel Jaji Jadran AhmadzaiAfghan government victoryAfghan government victory Execution of rebel leaders Various reforms delayedSaqqawist low-level insurgency (1924–1928) Afghanistan SaqqawistsEscalated into civil warUrtatagai conflict (1925–1926) Afghan victoryAfghan victory The Soviet Union recognizes Urtatagai as Afghan territory Afghanistan forced to restrain Basmachi border raids Kingdom of Afghanistan (1926–1973)Afghan Civil War (1928–1929) Kingdom of AfghanistanHazara volunteersVarious anti-Saqqawist Pashtun tribes Wardak Maydan Jalriz Sanglakh (See 1929 Red Army intervention in Afghanistan) Saqqawists Emirate of Afghanistan
Supported by: Basmachi movement(1929)Shinwari tribesmenAnti-Saqqawist victoryAnti-Saqqawist victory Fall of Amanullah Khan's government in January 1929, leading to the establishment of a Saqqawist government. Saqqawist collapse in October 1929, leading to Mohammed Nādir Khān becoming King of Afghanistan.Red Army intervention in Afghanistan (1929) Kingdom of Afghanistan Emirate of Afghanistan BasmachiInconclusiveInconclusive The Red Army established control over Balkh Province, but withdrew to the USSR after the flight of King Amanullah Khan abroad.Shinwari rebellion(1930) Kingdom of AfghanistanShinwari tribesmenGovernment victoryRebellion suppressedKuhistan rebellion(1930)Kingdom of AfghanistanSaqqawist rebelsGovernment victoryBattle of Herat (1931) Kingdom of AfghanistanSaqqawistsGovernment victorySaqqawists wiped outAfghan tribal revolts of 1944–1947Allied Nuristani and Shinwari tribesmenRebel tribes: Zadran Safi Mangal Afghan government victory1945 Hazara Rebellion(1945–1946) Kingdom of AfghanistanHazara rebelsRebellion failedRebellion failed Hazara Rebels withdrawal from District
Taxes revokedAfghanistan–Pakistan border skirmishes(1949–present) Afghanistan
Tehrik-i-Taliban Pakistan (since 2012) Jamaat-ul-Ahrar (2015–2020)OngoingOngoing Occasional clashes Republic of Afghanistan (1973–1978)Panjshir Valley uprising(1975) Jamiat-e Islami Pakistan ISIOwen L. Sirrs, Pakistan's Inter-Services Intelligence Directorate: Covert action and internal operations, Routledge (2016), pp. 112-113 Supported by: Iran SAVAKAfghan government victoryAfghan government victory Uprising suppressed successfully Jamiat-e Islami commanders flee to Pakistan End of the 1975 uprisings in Afghanistan Democratic Republic of Afghanistan (1978–1987)Saur Revolution(1978) People's Democratic Party of AfghanistanPDPA victoryPDPA victory Overthrow and execution of Mohammad Daoud Khan and his family Purging of Daoud's supporters from the government Establishment of the Democratic Republic of Afghanistan Eventual Soviet military interventionSoviet–Afghan War(1979–1989) Afghan mujahideenDefeatAfghan mujahideen victory Geneva Accords Withdrawal of Soviet forces from Afghanistan Afghan Civil War continuesRepublic of Afghanistan (1987–1992)First Afghan Civil War (1989–1992) Republic of AfghanistanSupported by:
Commonwealth of Independent States (from 1991) Tajikistan Turkmenistan Uzbekistan (until January 1992) Afghan Interim Government Jamiat-e Islami Hezb-e Islami Gulbuddin (until July 1989) National Islamic Front of Afghanistan Ittehad-e Islami Hezb-i Islami Khalis Harakat-i Inqilab-i Islami
Independent Factions: Khalq (1990) Hezb-e Islami Gulbuddin (from July 1989) Junbish-i Milli (from 1992)
Foreign Mujahideen: Al Qaeda Maktab al-Khidamat Various factions also fought among each other Supported by: Pakistan United Kingdom China Germany IranAfghan Interim Government victoryDissolution of the Homeland Party Government The Peshawar Accord leads to the creation of the Islamic State of Afghanistan on 28 April 1992 Continued civil war among Mujahideen forces Islamic State of Afghanistan (1992–2001)Second Afghan Civil War (1992–1996) Northern Alliance Jamiat-e Islami Shura-e Nazar Hezb-e Islami Khalis (until mid-1992) Ittehad-e Islami Harakat-i-Inqilab Jebh-e Nejat-e Melli Mahaz-e Milli Harakat-i Islami Hezb-i Wahdat (until Dec. 1992) Junbish-i Milli (until Jan. 1994; from Aug. 1994) Hezb-e Islami Gulbuddin (from late 1994) Supported by: (until Jan. 1994; from Aug. 1994) (until Dec. 1992) Hezb-e Islami Gulbuddin (until late 1994) Khalq (pro Gulbuddin factions, until late 1994)Supported by:
Hezb-i Wahdat (after Dec. 1992)