This is a list of governors of the Roman province of Syria. From 27 BC, the province was governed by an imperial legate of consular rank. The province was divided in AD 193 into Syria Coele and Syria Phoenicia. In c. 415 AD, Syria Coele was divided into Syria Prima and Syria Secunda. During the reign of Theodosius I (379 – 395), Syria Phoenicia was divided into Phoenicia Maritima and Phoenicia Libanensis.
Proconsular governors of Syria (65–27 BC)
65–62: Marcus Aemilius Scaurus 61–60: Lucius Marcius Philippus 59–58: Gnaeus Cornelius Lentulus Marcellinus 57–54: Aulus Gabinius 54–53: Marcus Licinius Crassus 53–51: Gaius Cassius Longinus 51–50: Marcus Calpurnius Bibulus 50/49: Fabricius Veiento 49–48: Metellus Scipio 47–46: Sextus Julius Caesar 46–44: Quintus Caecilius Bassus 45: Gaius Antistius Vetus 44: Lucius Staius Murcus 44–43: Quintus Marcius Crispus 44–42: Gaius Cassius Longinus 41–40: Lucius Decidius Saxa 40–39: Parthian occupation 39–38: Publius Ventidius Bassus 38–37: Gaius Sosius 35: Lucius Munatius Plancus 34/33–33/32: Lucius Calpurnius Bibulus 30: Quintus Didius 29: Marcus Valerius Messalla Corvinus 28–25: Cicero Minor
Propraetorial Imperial Legates of Roman Syria (27 BC to 193 AD) Date Governor25 – 23 BC Marcus Terentius Varro23 – 13 BC Marcus Vipsanius Agrippa13/12 – 10/9 BC Marcus Titius9 – 7/6 BC Gaius Sentius Saturninus7/6 – 4 BC Publius Quinctilius Varus4 BC – 1 AD Unknown, probably Lucius Calpurnius PisoThis is based on the discovery of the Lapis Tiburtinus inscription. Piso was Proconsul of Asia, and received honors for defeating the Bessi. A minority theory posits that it was Publius Sulpicius Quirinius, who was in the region at the time, received honors for defeating the Homana and was the rector to Gaius Caesar. However, there is no evidence that he was ever Proconsul of Asia.1 AD – 4 AD Gaius Julius Caesar Vipsanianus4 – 5 Lucius Volusius Saturninus6 – 12 Publius Sulpicius Quirinius12 – 17 Quintus Caecilius Metellus Creticus Silanus17 – 19 Gnaeus Calpurnius Piso19 – 21 Gnaeus Sentius Saturninus22 – 32 Lucius Aelius Lamia32 – 35 Lucius Pomponius Flaccus35 – 39 Lucius Vitellius39 – 41/42 Publius Petronius41/42 – 44/45 Gnaeus (Gaius?) Vibius Marsus45 – 49 Cassius Longinus50 – 60 Gaius Ummidius Durmius Quadratus60 – 63 Gnaeus Domitius Corbulo63 – 67 Cestius Gallus67 – 69 Gaius Licinius Mucianus70 – 72 Lucius Caesennius Paetus72 – 73 Aulus Marius Celsus73 – 78 Marcus Ulpius Traianus78 – 82 Lucius Ceionius Commodus82 – 84 Titus Atilius Rufus87 – 90 Publius Valerius Patruinus90 – 93 Aulus Bucius Lappius Maximus93 – 96 Gaius Octavius Tidius Tossianus Lucius Javolenus Priscus96 – 97 Marcus Cornelius Nigrinus Curiatius Maternus97 – 100 Aulus Larcius Priscus100 – 104 Gaius Antius Aulus Julius Quadratus104 – 108 Aulus Cornelius Palma Frontonianus108 – 112 Lucius Fabius Justus114 – 115 Gaius Julius Quadratus Bassus 117 Publius Aelius Hadrianus117 – ?120 Lucius Catilius Severus Julianus Claudius ReginusMigliorati G. A proposito di L. Catilio Severo, legatus Augusti di Siria. Epigraphica. 2002(64):85-92.125 – 128 Quintus Coredius Gallus Gargilius AntiquusGil Gambash and Assaf Yasur-Landau, "Governor Of Judea And Syria - A New Dedication From Dor To Gargilius Antiquus", Zeitschrift Für Papyrologie Und Epigraphik, 205 (2018), p. 160128 – ?136 Gaius Quinctius Certus Poblicius Marcellus?136 – 137 Gaius Bruttius Praesens Lucius Fulvius RusticusDąbrowa E. Hadrianic governors of Syria: a reappraisal. Zeitschrift für Papyrologie und Epigraphik. 2017:285-91.137 – 140 Sextus Julius Major140 Lucius Burbuleius Optatus Ligarianus144 Lucius Sergius PaullusEck W. "Sergius Paullus, der Liebhaber der Philosophie in Lucans Peregrinus Proteus", Rheinisches Museum für Philologie, 157 (2014), pp. 222f147 – 150 Sulpicius Julianus150 – 154 Marcus Pontius Laelianus Larcius Sabinus154 – 157 Marcus Cassius Apollinaris157 – 162 Lucius Attidius Cornelianus163 – 164 Marcus Annius Libo164 – 166 Gnaeus Julius Verus166 – 175 Gaius Avidius Cassius175 – 178 Publius Martius Verus179 – 182 Publius Helvius Pertinax183 – 185 Gaius Domitius Dexter186 – 187 Gaius Julius Saturninus187 – 190 Asellius Aemilianus190 – 193 Gaius Pescennius Niger
Propraetorial Imperial Legates of Syria Coele (193 AD to c. 295 AD) Date Governorc. 207 – 209 Marius Maximusc. 209 – 211 Minicius Martialisc. 216 Aurelius Mam(---)c. 221 Julius Antonius SeleucusBetween 225 and 235 Quintus Aradius Rufinus Optatus Aelianus(?) 235 (? Claudius Sollemnius) Pacatianusc. 241 Attius Rufinusc. 241 – 249 Flavius Antiochusc. 251 Atilius Cosminusc. 251 Pomponius LaetianusDuring the 260s Virius Lupusc. 275 MaximinusMartindale & Jones, pg. 1105c. 279 Julius SaturninusBetween 276 and 282 Claudius CleobulusBetween 289 and 297 L. Aelius Helvius Dionysius290 Charisius
Propraetorial Imperial Legates of Syria Phoenicia (193 AD to c. 295 AD) Date Governor193 – 194 Ti. Manilius FuscusHall, pg. 94198 Q. Venidius Rufus Marius Maximus L. Calvinianusc. 207 Domitius Leo Procillianus213 D. Pius CassiusBetween 268 and 270 Salvius TheodorusBetween 284 and 305 L. Artorius Pius Maximus292 – 293 Crispinus
Consularis Governors of Syria Coele (c. 295 AD to c. 415 AD) Date GovernorBetween 293 and 305 Latinius Primosus305 Verinus? 323 DyscoliusAfter 324 Arrius MaximusBetween 324 and 337 PlutarchusBetween 329 and 335 Fl. DionysiusHall, pg. 95338 NonnusHall, pg. 96388 EustathiusHall, pg. 103347 Theodorus348 Fl. Antonius Hierocles349 AnatoliusBefore 353 Honoratus354 Theophilus355 Dionysius355 – 356 Gymnasius358 Nicentius358 – 359 Sabinus360 Tryphonianus360 Italicianus361 Siderius363 Alexander363 – 364 Celsus364 MarcianusBetween 364 and 380 ProtasiusBetween 364 and 380 ProtasiusSuccessor to the previous Protasius – see Martindale & Jones, pg. 1106Between 365 and 368 FestusBetween 365 and 371 AetheriusBetween 370 and 374 Fl. Eutolmius Tatianusc. 379/80 CarteriusBefore 381 Domnicusc. 382 Marcellinusc. 382/3 PelagiusBetween 382 and 393 Timocratesc. 384/5 Eumolpius386 Tisamenus387 Celsus388 Lucianus388 Eustathius389 Eutropiusc. 389/90 Palladius390 InfantiusBefore 392 CapitolinusBefore 392 Iullus? 392/3 FlorentiusBefore 393/4 Severus
Consularis Governors of Syria Phoenicia (c. 295 AD to c. 395 AD) Date GovernorBetween 293 and 305 Aelius StatuusBetween 293 and 303 Sossianus HieroclesBefore 305 Julius Julianus? Between 309/313 Maximusc. 323 Achillius328 – 329 Fl. Dionysius335 Archelausc. 337 Nonnus342 Marcellinus353/4 ApollinarisBefore 358 Demetrius358 – 359 NicentiusMartindale, J. R. & A. H. M. Jones, "Nicentius 1", The Prosopography of the Later Roman Empire, Vol. I AD 260-395 (Cambridge: University Press, 1971), p. 628(?) 359/60 EuchrostiusBefore 360 Julianus360 – 361 AndronicusBefore 361 Aelius Claudius Dulcitius361 Anatoliusc. 361/2 Polycles362 Julianus362 – 363 Gaianus363 – 364 Marius364 Ulpianus364 – 365 Domninus372 Leontius380 Petrus382 – 383 ProculusBefore 388 Eustathius388 Antherius388 Epiphanius390 Domitius391 Severianus392 Leontius
See also Lists of ancient Roman governors
Footnotes
Bibliography Dąbrowa, Edward, The Governors of Roman Syria from Augustus to Septimius Severus (1998) Schürer Emil, Vermes Geza, Millar Fergus, The history of the Jewish people in the age of Jesus Christ (175 B.C.-A.D. 135), Volume I, Edinburgh 1973, p. 243-266 (Survey of the Roman Province of Syria from 63 B.C. to A.D. 70). Linda Jones Hall, Roman Berytus: Beirut in late antiquity (2004) Martindale, J. R.; Jones, A. H. M, The Prosopography of the Later Roman Empire, Vol. I AD 260–395, Cambridge University Press (1971)
ca:Síria (província romana)#Governadors romans de Síria pl:Syria (prowincja rzymska)