The close-mid central unrounded vowel, or high-mid central unrounded vowel, is a type of vowel sound used in some spoken languages. The symbol in the International Phonetic Alphabet that represents this sound is . This is a mirrored letter e and should not be confused with the schwa , which is a turned e. It was added to the IPA in 1993; before that, this vowel was transcribed . Certain older sourcesFor example . transcribe this vowel .
The letter may be used with a lowering diacritic , to denote the mid central unrounded vowel.
Features
Occurrence Language Word IPA Meaning Notes Chuvash пӗррехинче [pɘrrɛχint͡ɕɛ] 'once' Cotabato Manobo May be transcribed in IPA with . Dinka Luanyjang ŋeŋ 'jawbone' Short allophone of . English Australian bird 'bird' Typically transcribed in IPA with . Optionally rounded. See Australian English phonology Cardiff foot 'foot' Less often rounded ; corresponds to in other dialects. See English phonology New Zealand bit 'bit' Merger of and found in other dialects. See New Zealand English phonology Southern American nut 'nut' Some dialects. Corresponds to in other dialects. See English phonology Estonian 'ear' Typically transcribed in IPA with ; can be close-mid back or close back instead, depending on the speaker. See Estonian phonology Irish Munster sáile 'salt water' Usually transcribed in IPA with . It is an allophone of next to non-palatal slender consonants. See Irish phonology Jebero ɨx[e/ï][k/c/q] 'bat' Kaingang me 'tail' Varies between central and back . Kalagan Kaagan 'lost' Allophone of in word-final stressed syllables before ; can be transcribed in IPA with . Katë Katë 'Katë' Can also be realized as . Kazakh тілі 'language' Kensiu 'to trim' Rhotacized; may be transcribed in IPA with . Kera 'fire' Allophone of ; typically transcribed in IPA with . Korean /eoreun 'adult' May be transcribed in IPA with . See Korean phonologyKurdishKurmanji/[dɘl]'heart'Allophone of . Sorani alphabet does not transcribe this vowel phoneme in text.Sorani Lizu 'eagle' Allophone of after velar stops. Mapudungun 'to give (something)' Mongolian 'jump' Mono 'be (equative)' May be transcribed in IPA with . Polish The source transcribes this sound with the symbol but one can see from the vowel chart at pag. 105 that the Polish sound is closer to than to . 'mouse' Somewhat fronted; typically transcribed in IPA with . See Polish phonology Romanian Moldavian dialect 'house' Corresponds to in standard Romanian. See Romanian phonologyScottish Gaelic Harris [ˈvuɘhpə] 'from her' Allophone of in the diphthong , which in other dialects is or . May be closer as .Uist Shiwiar Temne 'incite' Typically transcribed in IPA with . Vietnamese 'wife' Typically transcribed in IPA with . See Vietnamese phonology Xumi Upper 'upstairs' Nasalized; occurs only in this word. It is realized as mid in Lower Xumi. Zapotec Tilquiapan 'and' Most common realization of .
Notes
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