Mountains and hills can be characterized in several ways. Some mountains are volcanoes and can be characterized by the type of lava and eruptive history. Other mountains are shaped by glacial processes and can be characterized by their shape. Finally, many mountains can be characterized by the type of rock that make up their composition.
Types of mountains according to geology Glacially sculpted mountains and hills Arête Drumlin Esker Flyggberg Nunatak Pyramidal peak Whaleback mountain
Volcanic mountains Cinder cone Complex volcano Guyot Lava cone Lava dome Mud volcano Pancake dome Pyroclastic cone Pyroclastic shield Shield volcano Stratovolcano Subglacial mound Submarine volcano Somma volcano Tuya Volcanic field Volcanic plug
Mountains with structure-controlled form Bornhardt Cuesta Dome Fault-block mountain Fold mountain Hogback Homoclinal ridge Table and mesa Tepui (Guiana Highlands) Traprock mountain
Other types of mountain or hill Belki Bergsknalle Conical hill Golets (geography) Inselberg Kuppe Line parent Mound Mount Mittelgebirge Residual hill Tower karst Tumulus Barrow (British Isles) Kurgan (Eurasian Steppe) Ultra
Mountains defined by their vegetation Fell Grass mountain Kalottberg
Types of rock that make up mountains Igneous Extrusive (see types of volcanoes, above) Intrusive Metamorphic Sedimentary
Groups of mountains Cordillera Inselberg field Hügelland Monogenetic volcanic field Mountain range Polygenetic volcanic field Undulating hilly land
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