Fjords in Canada are long, narrow inlets characterized by steep sides, created in a valley carved by glacial activity. A fjord can have two or more basins separated by sills. The bowls can have a depth of and the dividing sills can raise up to a few metres below the water surface. Mountainous glaciated areas in Canada are along the British Columbia Coast - from the Alaskan border along the Portland Canal to Indian Arm. Kingcome Inlet is a typical west coast fjord.

In Newfoundland and Labrador, Saglek Fiord, Nachvak Fiord, and Hebron Fiord, are in Labrador. While Western Brook Pond, Trout River Big Pond, and Bonne Bay in Gros Morne National Park are located along the coastline of the island of Newfoundland.

Quebec's Saguenay River valley contains a fjord. The Saguenay Fjord is long and deep.

The Arctic Archipelago features fjords such as those around Ellesmere and Baffin Island, including Alexandra Fiord, Ellesmere Island, and Kangiqtualuk Uqquqti, Baffin Island.

When a portion of the high cliff wall falls off, it may cause a tsunami. This occurred in the early 20th century at Western Brook Pond of Gros Morne National Park when a tsunami was created after Broke Off Cliff fell.

Fjords listed here may consist of several complex waterways. These waterways may contribute to the length of the fjord. For more information on these please see the main fjord source or Wikipedia article. Some examples are Dean Channel and Douglas Channel. The locality of Hagensborg in the Bella Coola Valley in the Dean Channel fjord was settled by Norwegian immigrants in 1894 as it reminded them of home.Norwegian Settlement in the Bella Coola Valley, Bella Coola Museum website The total length of the fjord from the head of Dean Channel to the mouth of Fitz Hugh Sound is about rivalling Hardangerfjord in Norway for length. The Hardangerfjord, the Queen of fjords, at a length of is claimed to be fourth largest fjord in the world and second largest of Norway.

Anaktalak Bay, Saglek Fiord and Nachvak Fiord off the coast of Newfoundland and Labrador are being studied for environmental changes due to global warming. Increased tourism and marine traffic, contaminants from air, water or industrial pollution, changing weather patterns are affecting what once had been pristine water basins of the fjords protected by sills.

The use of the word canal to name fjords or inlets on the British Columbian and Southeast Alaskan coast is a legacy of the Spanish expeditions to the Pacific Northwest in the 18th century. For example, Haro Strait between Victoria and the San Juan Islands was originally Canal de Haro. The English cognate to the Spanish canal is "channel", which is found throughout the coast, cf. Dean Channel.

Some fjords on the British Columbian coast have rapids, termed skookumchucks which means strong waters in Chinook Jargon). Skookumchucks are caused by the shallows and narrows near the mouth of a fjord as the water inside the fjord's depths is drawn through, to or from, the more open waters beyond.

The phenomenon of mountain-gap wind or squamish or outflow affects the fjords of Canada and Norway. The outflow winds at the Salt and Bols fjords of Norway and the Howe Sound and Portland Inlet of Canada have been compared. European winds may be termed bora. The cold dry air of the continental interior seeks out the easier passage through the fjord valley creating hurricane-force winds.

According to the definition, fjord, Western Brook Pond and Trout River Big Pond in Newfoundland's Gros Morne National Park, are also often described as a fjords, but are actually freshwater lakes cut off from the sea, so are not fjords in the English sense of the term. Such lakes are sometimes called "fjord lakes". It is of interest to note that Pissing Mare Falls at high, is one of several waterfalls to drain into Western Brook Pond. Along the British Columbia Coast, a notable fjord-lake is Owikeno Lake, which is a freshwater extension of Rivers Inlet.

List of fjords

List of Canadian fjords: Image Fjords Province Co-ordinates Comments Aarrujaaqtuup Kangiqtua NU Inuktitut syllabics: ᐋᕐᕈᔮᖅᑑᑉ ᑲᖏᖅᑐᐊ, Aarrujaaqtuup Kangiqtua (formerly Pitchforth Fiord) Agate Fiord NU Akpait Fiord NU Aktijartukan Fiord NU Alan Reach BC Alberni Inlet BC Length Alexandra Fiord NU Alice Arm BC Alluviaq Fiord NU Alluviaq Fiord / Fjord Alluviaq (formerly Abloviak Bay / Abloviak Fiord / Fjord Abloviak) Archer Fiord NU Arthur Fiord NU Arviqtujuq Kangiqtua NU Arviqtujuq Kangiqtua (formerly Eglinton Fiord) Aurland Fiord NU Ayles Fiord NU Baad Fiord NU Baie Wakeham QC Wakeham Bay Bals Fiord NU Barrie Reach BC Baumann Fiord NU Bay Fiord NU Bears Gut NL Beitstad Fiord NU Belize Inlet BC A part of the fjord network Seymour-Belize Inlet Complex (SBIC), located on the north coast of British Columbia. Belize Inlet, which is in length has its own side inlets, narrow waterways named Wentworth Sound and Alison Sound. Bentham Fiord NU Bird Fiord NU Blind Fiord NU Blue Fiord NU Boas Fiord NU Bonne Bay NL There is both Inner Bonne Bay and outer Bonne Bay. Outer Bonne Bay opens up to the entrance of the fjord of Bonne Bay. Borup Fiord NU Briggs Inlet BC Bukken Fiord NU Bunde Fiord NU Burke Channel BC See also the major inlets of British Columbia coast, and Dean Channel. Burrard Inlet BC Burrard Inlet is a relatively shallow-sided coastal fjord in southwestern British Columbia. The City of Vancouver and surrounding cities are on the Burrard Inlet. Because of this, the shores of the fjord are heavily populated and the fjord is busy with shipping activity from the Port of Vancouver. Bute Inlet BC Cambridge Fiord NU Cañon Fiord NU Cascade Inlet BC Chandler Fiord NU Chief Mathews Bay BC See also the major inlets of British Columbia coast. Clark Fiord NU Clearwater Fiord NU Confederation Fiord NU Conybeare Fiord NU Coronation Fiord NU Cousins Inlet BC d'Iberville Fiord NU Dean Channel BC The total length of the fjord from the head of Dean Channel to the mouth of Fitz Hugh Sound is about rivalling Hardangerfjord in Norway for length. Denmark Fiord NU Desolation Sound BC See also the major inlets of British Columbia coast, Desolation Sound Marine Provincial Park and Recreation Park. Devastation Channel BC Dexterity Fiord NU Disraeli Fiord NU Disraeli Fiord (formerly Disraeli Bay) Douglas Channel BC Length East Fiord NU Eids Fiord NU Eidsbotn NU Ekalugad Fiord NU Ekortiarsuk Fiord NL Emma Fiord NU Ephemeral Cove NU Europa Reach BC See also list of rivers of British Columbia and British Columbia Coast Exaluin Fiord NU Expedition Fiord NU Fabricius Fiord NU Fisher Channel BC Fisher Channel leads into Dean Channel, and towards Ocean Falls. Fitz Hugh Sound BC See also Dean Channel. Fjord Alluviaq QC Alluviaq Fiord / Fjord Alluviaq (formerly Abloviak Bay / Abloviak Fiord / Fjord Abloviak) Fjord de Salluit QC Fjord du Saguenay QC Southernmost fjord in Canada. Fjord Qanartalik QC Fjord Qasigiarsiti QC Fjord Tursukattaq QC Foss Fiord NU Fram Fiord NU Frederick Sound BC The largest branch of Seymour Inlet. Gardner Canal BC Technically a side-inlet of the larger Douglas Channel. The Gardner is a principal inlet/fjord of a length . Gibbs Fiord NU Gibs Fiord NU Gifford Fiord NU Gilttoyees Inlet BC Glacier Fiord NU Goose Fiord NU Greely Fiord NU Grise Fiord NU There is a hamlet of the same name, Grise Fiord on this fiord. Grise Fiord means "pig fiord" and in Inuktitut is named Ausuittuq. Haakon Fiord NU Harbour Fiord NU Hare Fiord NU Hastings Arm BC Hayes Fiord NU Hebron Fiord NL See also Torngat Mountains Hotham Sound BC See also the major inlets of British Columbia coast, Nelson Island and St. Vincent Bay. Hevenor InletK’t’a’i BC See also Pitt Island Howe Sound BC Howe Sound is a roughly triangular-shaped complex of fjords. The scenic Sea-to-Sky Highway runs along the eastern shore of the sound. Humber Arm NL Ikkudliayuk Fiord NL Indian Arm BC Indian Arm Provincial Park protects the area of Indian Arm fjord. Ingnit Fiord NU Inugsuin Fiord NU Iqalualuit Fiord NU Iqalujjuaq Fiord NU Isortoq Fiord NU Iterungnek Fiord (formerly Jerusalem Bay) Iterungnek Fiord NL Itirbilung Fiord NU Jervis Inlet BC Jervis Inlet is in length. Between Toba Inlet and Jervis Inlet to its west, however, there is a freshwater fjord, Powell Lake. Jokel Fiord NU Jugeborg Fiord NU Kairolik Fiord NU Kangalaksiorvik Fiord NL Kangerk Fiord NU Kangilo Fiord NU Kangiqhuk NU Kangiqhuk (formerly West Arm) Kangiqtualuk Agguqti NU Kangiqtualuk Agguqti (formerly Walker Arm) Kangiqtualuk Uqquqti NU Kangiqtualuk Uqquqti (formerly Sam Ford Fiord) Kangiqtugaapik NU Kangiqtugaapik (formerly Clyde Inlet) Kangiqtugaapiruluk NU Inuktitut syllabics: ᑲᖏᖅᑐᒑᐱᕈᓗᒃ, Kangiqtugaapiruluk (formerly Kangert Fiord) Kangiqturuluk NU Inuktitut syllabics: ᑲᖏᖅᑐᕈᓗᒃ, Kangiqturuluk (formerly Kangok Fiord) Kangirlugag Fiord NU Kangirtukutaaruluq Fiord NU Khutzeymateen Inlet BC Kiltuish Inlet BC Kingcome Inlet BC A lesser principal fjord of the British Columbia Coast. Kingnait Fiord NU Kingnelling Fiord NU Kitimat Arm BC See also Douglas Channel and Kitimat River. Knight Inlet BC Knight Inlet is one of the longest great saltwater inlets/fjords on the BC Coast at c. in length; it is about in average width. Komaktorvik Fiord NL Kulutingwak Fiord NU Kumlien Fiord NU Kumlien Fiord (formerly Kumlein Fiord) Kwatna Inlet BC See also Dean Channel. Kyuquot Sound BC Labouchere Channel BC See also North Bentinck Arm, King Island, and Dean Channel. Li Fiord NU Livingstone Fiord NU Loughborough Inlet BC Loughborough Inlet is a lesser principal inlet/fjord with a length of and a width of . Louise Fiord NU Maktak Fiord NU Markham Fiord NU Maujatuuq Fiord NU McBeth Fiord NU McBeth Fiord (formerly Ijellirtung Fiord) Mermaid Fiord NU Middle Fiord NU Milne Fiord NU Mokka Fiord NU Mooneshine Fiord NU Muskox Fiord NU Nachvak Fiord NL Najjuttuuq Fiord NU Nallulik Fiord NU Nallussiaq Fiord NU Narpaing Fiord NU Narrows Inlet BC Narrows Inlet (formerly Narrows Arm) Nass Bay BC Nedlukseak Fiord NU Nenahlmai Lagoon BC Nettilling Fiord NU Newton Fiord NU Noodleook Fiord NL North Bentinck Arm BC See also South Bentinck Arm. North Bentinck Arm is a deep fjord which runs about in length and is about in width. The fjord has a depth of between . North Fiord NU North Pangnirtung Fiord NU Nudlung Fiord NU Nugent Sound BC Located between Belize Inlet and Seymour Inlet. Nyeboe Fiord NU Observatory Inlet BC Northward extension of Portland Inlet Otto Fiord NU Owikeno Lake BC Padle Fiord NU Pangnirtung Fiord NU Pearse Canal BC Pearse Canal forms the border between British Columbia and the southernmost point of the Alaska Panhandle. Portland Canal BC Portland Canal is in length. Portland Inlet BC Portland Inlet is long and as much as wide. Prince of Wales Reach BC The Prince of Wales Reach has a length of , a depth of and reaches the first arm of Jervis Inlet. Prince Rupert Harbour BC The immense, Prince Rupert Harbour, operated by the Prince Rupert Port Authority, is a complex of basins or channel waterways and sills. In alphabetical order the channels, and their respective sills are: Fern Passage (, surrounded by sills of and ) Kloiya Bay ( depth, Denise Inlet ) Morse Basin ( depth, silled off); Porpoise Channel ( depth across Flora Bank, outside sill) Porpoise Harbour () depth Prince Rupert Main Harbour ( depth, with three entrance sills -each ) Tuck Inlet, is "silled-off" fjord ( depth, with entrance sill of ) Upper Harbour ( depth, with entrance sill of ) Venn Passage around the north end of Digby Island ( depth contained by several wide sills of , , and )