Transport in Bihar

This article deals with the system of transport in Bihar, both public and private.

Road transport Bihar has national highways with total length of and state highways with total length of . Also. Bihar has of proposed Expressways.

The state is being equipped with more sustainable energy sources, CNG filling stations are being put up in different cities.

To manage overall road transport facilities in the state, Bihar State Road Transport Corporation (BSRTC) was set up in 1959 under the provisions of Road Transport Corporation Act, 1950.

BSRTC operates and maintains a fleet of more than 300 buses connecting all cities and towns within state of Bihar and neighboring states too. BSRTC not only connects every nook and corner of the state but also links this state with other surrounding regions including Uttar Pradesh, Jharkhand, Chhattisgarh, West Bengal and Odisha. However, contract for operation and maintenance of the buses has been given to two private companies viz. GIPL and Royal Cruiser. This contract is based upon public-private partnership (PPP)

Expressways

Expressways in Bihar are as follows:Gorakhpur-Siliguri Expressway: New 568-Km Route Approved; To Connect Bihar With Delhi, Northeast, Reduce Travel Time By 9 Hours, Jagran, 9 Mar 2025.

Within Patna city

These are intra-city short expressways.

Name States Total Length (km/mi) Length Bihar (km/mi) Cost (₹cr) Type Status Direction CommentOuter Ring Road, PatnaBihar Greenfield Under-construction E to W Loknayak Ganga Path, PatnaBihar 3,160 Greenfield Under-construction phase 2 E to W Riverfront project within Patna.

West-East

Within West-East direction listed from north to south:

Name States Total Length (km/mi) Length Bihar (km/mi) Cost (₹cr) Type Status Direction Comment Gorakhpur-Siliguri ExpresswayBihar’s Game-Changing Expressways! 10 Mega Projects Worth Rs 1.43 Lakh Crore On The Cards, News24, 4 Feb 2025.Uttar Pradesh, Bihar, West Bengal 32,000 Greenfield Under- Survey W to E Buxar-Bhagalpur Expressway (included Buxar-Patna Expressway and Munger-Mirzachowki Expressway)Bihar Mixed Under- Survey W to E From UP border to WB border through central Bihar along Ganga river.Bihar to get six new expressways, Prabhat Khabar, 11 July 2023. Buxar-Bhagalpur Expressway includes Buxar-Patna Expressway (Purvanchal Expressway's extension, target completion 2026) and Munger-Mirzachowki Expressway (125 km, under-construction, completion 2028, Rs 8000 crore.

Northwest-Southeast

Within Northwest-Southeast direction listed from north to south:

Name States Total Length (km/mi) Length Bihar (km/mi) Cost (₹cr) Type Status Direction CommentVaranasi–Ranchi–Kolkata ExpresswayUttar Pradesh, Bihar, Jharkhand, West Bengal 24,275 Greenfield Under-construction NW to SW Via South West Bihar to Kolkatta.Bettiah-Patna Expressway Bihar 6,500 Greenfield Under-construction NW to SW Target completion 2028. Dumaria Ghat-Bakarpur Expressway (Gorakhpur-Patna Expressway) Bihar 1,543 Greenfield Under-construction NW to Central SW Connects to Gorakhpur via NH-27 & NH-28, target completion 2028. Patna-Kolkata ExpresswayPatna-Kolkata Expressway details, themetrorailguy.com, accessed 18 July 2023.Bihar, Jharkhand, West Bengal Greenfield DPR NW to SW To be taken up in Bharatmala-II. Raxaul-Haldia ExpresswayBihar, Jharkhand, West Bengal 54,000 Greenfield DPR NW to SW Under-construction, target completion 2028, via Samastipur.

Northeast-Southwest

Name States Total Length (km/mi) Length Bihar (km/mi) Cost (₹cr) Type Status Direction Comment Darbhanga-Aurangabad Expressway (Amas-Darbhanga Expressway)Bihar 8,000 Greenfield Under-construction Central NE to SW Central Bihar to South West Bihar. Target completion 2028. Sasaram-Patna Expressway (part of Sasaram-Patna-Purnia Expressway) Bihar 4,000 Greenfield Under-construction NE to SW Target completion 2028, Sasaram in northeast to Ara and Patna in southwest.Patna-Purnia Expressway (part of Sasaram-Patna-Purnia Expressway)Bihar 8,000 Greenfield Under-construction NE to SW Target completion 2028: Patna in northeast to Purnia in southwest.

National Highways

State Highways

Rail transport There are more than 700 railway stations in the state of Bihar. The East Central Railway is the main railway zone under which most of the railway stations fall. In recent times, from 2022-23 to 2025-26, a lot of railway projects have been completed and commissioned and many more projects are ongoing in the state of Bihar.

Urban Rail

Patna Metro - Under construction Patna Monorail - Proposed Patna tram - defunct since 1903

Water transport

Bihar is connected by National Waterway No. 1 which was established in October 1986. This waterway has fixed terminals at Haldia, BISN (Kolkata), Pakur, Farrakka and Patna. It also has floating terminals facilities at Haldia, Kolkata, Diamond Harbour, Katwa, Tribeni, Baharampur, Jangipur, Bhagalpur, Semaria, Doriganj, Ballia, Ghazipur, Varanasi, Chunar and Allahabad.

Air transport

Patna airport is well connected to cities like Delhi, Mumbai, Kolkata, Bengaluru and many other cities in India. It is categorized as a restricted international airport, with customs facilities to receive international chartered flights. Gaya Airport, is Bihar's only international airport and offers seasonal flights that connect the city to Thailand, Bhutan, and Myanmar. Airlines like IndiGo, SpiceJet and Air India connect various airports in Bihar to cities across India. Darbhanga Airport is another domestic airport in Bihar which is connected with various cities across India. The Darbhanga Airport was built as civil enclave. City servedAirport nameICAOIATACategoryRoleBihtaBihta Air Force Station——DefenceAir baseBhagalpurBhagalpur Airport——DomesticDarbhangaDarbhanga AirportVE89DBRDomesticCivil enclaveGayaGaya AirportVEGYGAYCustomsCommercialJogbaniJogbani Airport——DomesticClosedMungerMunger Airport——DomesticNo scheduled flightsMuzaffarpurMuzaffarpur AirportVEMZMZUDomesticNo scheduled flightsPatnaJay Prakash Narayan AirportVEPTPATCustomsCommercialPurneaPurnea AirportVEPUPXNDomesticCivil enclaveRaxaulRaxaul AirportVERL—DomesticClosed

The airport usually serves domestic flights only, but the city being a pilgrimage city, the airport operates seasonal flights to international destinations. The airport is classified as a restricted international airport due to its short runway and serves only domestic flights.

Transport in Bihar

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