The demographics of Uttar Pradesh is a complex topic, which is undergoing dynamic change. Uttar Pradesh is India's most populous state, and the largest subdivision in the world. It has a population of about 199,812,341 as per the 2011 census. If it were a separate country, Uttar Pradesh would be the world's fifth most populous nation, next only to China, the rest of India, the United States of America and Indonesia. Uttar Pradesh has a population more than that of Pakistan. There is an average population density of 828 persons per km2 i.e. 2,146 per sq mi. The capital of Uttar Pradesh is Lucknow, and Prayagraj serves as the state’s judicial capital. Hindus and Muslims both consider the state as a holy place.

The peripheral regions of Uttar Pradesh, are home to a number of tribal communities such as Agaria, Baiga, Bhar, Bhoksa, Bind, Chero, Gond, Kol and Korwa. Five of these tribal communities have been recognised by the Government of India as disadvantaged scheduled tribes, viz. Tharus, Boksas, Bhotias, Jaunswaris and Rajis.People of India Uttar Pradesh Volume XLII edited by A Hasan & J C Das, Manohar Publications The literacy rate of the state according to the 2011 Census is 70.69%. With the literacy rate for Males at 79.20%, while it is 59.30% for the Females. While this is still below the national average of 74.04% (82.14% for men, 65.16% for women) the rate of growth has been much higher in Uttar Pradesh as compared to the rest of India.

District As of the 2011 census, Prayagraj is the most populous district of Uttar Pradesh while Mahoba being the least populated. Only 3 districts of Jaunpur, Azamgarh and Deoria have a sex ratio greater than 1000 while Gautam Buddha Nagar stands lowest in the tally with a very low ratio of 851. On the contrary, Gautam Buddha Nagar scores highest in literacy rate at 80.12% and Kanpur Nagar 2nd at 79.54%, while both being the poorest districts in terms of sex-ratio, depicting a negative-correlation among literacy and sex-ratio in this case. The districts of Srawasti, Bahraich and Balrampur have yet to cross the 50% literacy mark.

The following table enumerates population, sex-ratio and literacy rates for each district of Uttar Pradesh:

+District-wise demographics of Uttar Pradesh (2011 Census)District Population Sex ratioLiteracy Total Male Female Total Male Female Gautam Buddha Nagar 1648115 890214 757901 851 0.8012 0.8806 0.7082 Kanpur Nagar 4581268 2459806 2121462 862 0.7965 0.8362 0.7505 Auraiya 1379545 740040 639505 864 0.7895 0.8611 0.7061 Etawah 1581810 845856 735954 870 0.7841 0.8606 0.6961 Ghaziabad 4681645 2488834 2192811 881 0.7807 0.8542 0.6979 Lucknow 4589838 2394476 2195362 917 0.7729 0.8256 0.7154 Mainpuri 1868529 993377 875152 881 0.7599 0.8453 0.663 Kanpur Dehat 1796184 963255 832929 865 0.7578 0.8345 0.6686 Varanasi 3676841 1921857 1754984 913 0.756 0.8378 0.6669 Jhansi 1998603 1057436 941167 890 0.7505 0.8538 0.6349 Jaunpur 4494204 2220465 2273739 1024 0.74 0.838 0.5981 Jalaun 1689974 906092 783882 865 0.7375 0.8348 0.6246 Mau 2205968 1114709 1091259 979 0.7309 0.8245 0.6363 Meerut 3443689 1825743 1617946 886 0.7284 0.8074 0.6398 Kannauj 1656616 881776 774840 879 0.727 0.8091 0.6333 Prayagraj 5954391 3131807 2822584 901 0.7232 0.8255 0.6099 Ambedkar Nagar 2397888 1212410 1185478 978 0.7223 0.8166 0.6266 Baghpat 1303048 700070 602978 861 0.7201 0.8245 0.5995 Firozabad 2498156 1332046 1166110 875 0.7192 0.8082 0.6175 Ghazipur 3620268 1855075 1765193 952 0.7178 0.828 0.6029 Mahamaya Nagar (Hathras) 1564708 836127 728581 871 0.7159 0.8238 0.5923 Agra 4418797 2364953 2053844 868 0.7158 0.8062 0.6118 Chandauli 1952756 1017905 934851 918 0.7148 0.8172 0.6035 Deoria 3100946 1537436 1563510 1017 0.7113 0.8327 0.5938 Ballia 3239774 1672902 1566872 937 0.7094 0.8149 0.5975 Azamgarh 4613913 2285004 2328909 1019 0.7093 0.8134 0.6091 Gorakhpur 4440895 2277777 2163118 950 0.7083 0.818 0.5936 Etah 1774480 947339 827141 873 0.7081 0.8128 0.588 Saharanpur 3466382 1834106 1632276 890 0.7049 0.7828 0.6174 Mathura 2547184 1367125 1180059 863 0.7036 0.8197 0.5689 Pratapgarh 3209141 1606085 1603056 998 0.7009 0.8188 0.5845 Sultanpur 3797117 1914586 1882531 983 0.6927 0.8019 0.5828 Muzaffarnagar 4143512 2193434 1950078 889 0.6912 0.7844 0.5869 Farrukhabad 1885204 1006240 878964 874 0.6904 0.774 0.5944 Sant Ravidas Nagar (Bhadohi) 1578213 807099 771114 955 0.6897 0.8147 0.5603 Bulandshahr 3499171 1845260 1653911 896 0.6888 0.8093 0.5557 Hamirpur 1104285 593537 510748 861 0.6877 0.7976 0.5595 Faizabad 2470996 1259628 1211368 962 0.6873 0.7812 0.5903 Mirzapur 2496970 1312302 1184668 903 0.6848 0.7897 0.5686 Bijnor 3682713 1921215 1761498 917 0.6848 0.7656 0.5972 Aligarh 3673889 1951996 1721893 882 0.6751 0.7797 0.5568 Fatehpur 2632733 1384722 1248011 901 0.6743 0.7719 0.5658 Rae Bareli 3405559 1752542 1653017 943 0.6725 0.7763 0.5629 Basti 2464464 1255272 1209192 963 0.6722 0.7788 0.5623 Sant Kabir Nagar 1715183 869656 845527 972 0.6672 0.7839 0.548 Banda 1799410 965876 833534 863 0.6667 0.7778 0.5367 Unnao 3108367 1630087 1478280 907 0.6637 0.7505 0.5676 Mahoba 875958 466358 409600 878 0.6527 0.7583 0.5322 Kushinagar 3564544 1818055 1746489 961 0.6525 0.7771 0.5236 Chitrakoot 991730 527721 464009 879 0.6505 0.758 0.5274 Hardoi 4092845 2191442 1901403 868 0.6457 0.7439 0.5319 Sonbhadra 1862559 971344 891215 918 0.6403 0.7492 0.5214 Jyotiba Phule Nagar (Amroha) 1840221 963449 876772 910 0.6384 0.7454 0.521 Lalitpur 1221592 641011 580581 906 0.6352 0.7498 0.5084 Mahrajganj 2684703 1381754 1302949 943 0.6276 0.7585 0.4892 Bara Banki 3260699 1707073 1553626 910 0.6175 0.7027 0.5234 Pilibhit 2031007 1072002 959005 895 0.6147 0.717 0.5 Kaushambi 1599596 838485 761111 908 0.6128 0.7278 0.4856 Sitapur 4483992 2375264 2108728 888 0.6112 0.7031 0.5067 Kanshiram Nagar (Kasganj) 1436719 764165 672554 880 0.6102 0.7156 0.49 Kheri 4021243 2123187 1898056 894 0.6056 0.6957 0.5042 Shahjahanpur 3006538 1606403 1400135 872 0.5954 0.6818 0.4957 Siddharthnagar 2559297 1295095 1264202 976 0.5925 0.7092 0.4741 Gonda 3433919 1787146 1646773 921 0.5871 0.6941 0.4709 Bareilly 4448359 2357665 2090694 887 0.5849 0.675 0.483 Moradabad 4772006 2503186 2268820 906 0.5677 0.6483 0.4786 Rampur 2335819 1223889 1111930 909 0.5334 0.614 0.4444 Budaun 3681896 1967759 1714137 871 0.5129 0.6098 0.4009 Balrampur 2148665 1114721 1033944 928 0.4951 0.5973 0.3843 Bahraich 3487731 1843884 1643847 892 0.4936 0.5834 0.3918 Shrawasti 1117361 593897 523464 881 0.4674 0.5716 0.3478 Uttar Pradesh 199812341 104480510 95331831 912 0.6768 0.7728 0.5718

Rank of districts

Following rankings are as per Population Census 2011.

By area Lakhimpur Kheri - 8,780 Sonbhadra - 6,999 Hardoi - 5,986 Bahraich - 5,745 Sitapur - 5,743

By population Allahabad - 5,954,391 Moradabad - 4,772,006 Ghaziabad - 4,681,645 Azamgarh - 4,613,913 Lucknow - 4,589,838 Kanpur Nagar - 4,581,268 Jaunpur - 4,494,204 Sitapur - 4,483,992 Bareilly - 4,448,359 Gorakhpur - 4,440,895

By population density Ghaziabad - 1995 Varanasi - 1954 Lucknow - 1456 Sant Ravidas Nagar (Bhadohi) - 1409 Kanpur Nagar - 1369

By literacy Gautam Budha Nagar(Noida) - 80.12% Kanpur Nagar - 79.65% Auraiya - 78.95% Etawah - 78.41% Ghaziabad - 78.07%

By sex ratio Jaunpur - 1024 Azamgarh - 1018 Deoria - 1003 Mau - 984 Pratapgarh - 982 Ambedkar Nagar - 978 Faizabad - 972 Sultanpur - 965 Basti - 963 Sant Kabir Nagar - 960

Religion In Uttar Pradesh the religion-wise percentage of population is Hindus 79.7, Muslims 19.3, Sikhs 0.3, Christians 0.2, Jains 0.1, Buddhists 0.1 while 0.3 of people have other religion or didn't state one.C1 - Population by religious community, Uttar Pradesh. Census India 2017. Retrieved 14 February 2018.

+ Religion in Uttar PradeshReligion 2001 2011 Hinduism 133,979,263 159,312,654 Islam 30,740,158 38,483,967 Sikhism 678,059 643,500 Christianity 212,578 356,448 Jainism 207,111 213,267 Buddhism 302,031 206,285 Other 9,281 13,598 Not stated n/a 582,622 Total 166,197,921 199,812,341

+ Religion in Uttar Pradesh (%)Religion 2001 2011 Hinduism 80.61 79.73 Islam 18.42 19.26 Sikhism 0.41 0.32 Christianity 0.13 0.18 Jainism 0.12 0.11 Buddhism 0.18 0.10 Other >0.01 >0.01 Not stated n/a 0.29

Religion-wise demographics of UP (2011 Census)Religion Population Sex ratio Literacy rate MaleFemaleTotalMaleFemaleTotalHindu83,555,72475,756,930159,312,65490779.73%58.61%69.68%Muslim19,867,31418,616,65338,483,96793766.42%50.59%58.76%Christian182,838173,610356,44895079.44%67.54%73.63%Sikh341,451302,049643,50088584.91%73.15%79.35%Buddhist107,42498,861206,28592079.19%57.07%68.59%Jain110,994102,273213,26792195.81%92.16%94.05%Other religions and persuasions7,0706,52813,59892380.18%61.30%71.11%Religion not stated307,695274,927582,62289478.37%60.84%70.01%Uttar Pradesh104,480,51095,331,831199,812,34191277.28%57.18%67.68%

District-wise religious population Population count for each district (with percentages) as per 2011 Census. +