Zamenhof is a Polish-Jewish surname. Notable people with the surname include:
L. L. Zamenhof (1859–1917), Polish ophthalmologist, philologist, and the inventor of Esperanto Mark Zamenhof (1837–1907), L.L.'s father Klara Zamenhof (1863–1924), L.L.'s wife Adam Zamenhof (1888–1940), Polish ophthalmologist, the son of L. L. Zamenhof Lidia Zamenhof (1904–1942), Polish Esperantist, daughter of L. L. Zamenhof Zofia Zamenhof (1889–1942), Polish pediatrician, daughter of L.L. Zamenhof Louis-Christophe Zaleski-Zamenhof (1925–2019), son of Adam Zamenhof