Zelotes is a genus of ground spiders that was first described by J. Gistel in 1848.
Description
Zelotes are small to medium-sized spiders (5-10 mm) that are usually darkish in colour, ranging from dark reddish brown to almost black. The carapace is ovate and narrower in front, with a median fovea.
The anterior median eyes are circular and dark, while posterior median eyes are irregular and light. The abdomen is ovate, and legs are of medium length with leg formula IV, I, II, III. A distinctive pale patch is frequently present on the inside of femora I, and a preening comb is present on metatarsi III and/or IV.
Species , this genus includes 408 species.
These species have articles on Wikipedia:
Zelotes aestus (Tucker, 1923) – Namibia, South Africa Zelotes albanicus (Hewitt, 1915) – South Africa Zelotes anthereus Chamberlin, 1936 – United States Zelotes aridus (Purcell, 1907) – Tanzania, Namibia, South Africa Zelotes bastardi (Simon, 1896) – DR Congo, Zimbabwe, South Africa, Madagascar Zelotes broomi (Purcell, 1907) – South Africa Zelotes caldarius (Purcell, 1907) – Botswana, South Africa Zelotes capensis FitzPatrick, 2007 – South Africa Zelotes capsula Tucker, 1923 – South Africa Zelotes captator (Thorell, 1887) – Myanmar Zelotes chinguli FitzPatrick, 2007 – Botswana, Zimbabwe, South Africa Zelotes corrugatus (Purcell, 1907) – Zambia, Namibia, Botswana, Zimbabwe, South Africa Zelotes doddieburni FitzPatrick, 2007 – Zimbabwe, South Africa Zelotes duplex Chamberlin, 1922 – Canada, United States Zelotes flavitarsis (Purcell, 1908) – South Africa Zelotes florisbad FitzPatrick, 2007 – South Africa Zelotes fratris Chamberlin, 1920 – Russia (Middle Siberia to Far East), Alaska, Canada, United States, Mexico Zelotes frenchi Tucker, 1923 – Botswana, Zimbabwe, South Africa Zelotes fuligineus (Purcell, 1907) – Ethiopia, DR Congo, Kenya, Tanzania, Namibia, South Africa, Lesotho Zelotes funestus (Keyserling, 1887) – United States Zelotes gooldi (Purcell, 1907) – Namibia, Botswana, South Africa Zelotes haplodrassoides (Denis, 1955) – Niger, Ethiopia, South Africa Zelotes hentzi Barrows, 1945 – Canada, United States Zelotes humilis (Purcell, 1907) – Zimbabwe, South Africa Zelotes invidus (Purcell, 1907) – Namibia, South Africa Zelotes kuncinyanus FitzPatrick, 2007 – South Africa Zelotes lasalanus Chamberlin, 1928 – Canada, United States, Mexico Zelotes lavus Tucker, 1923 – Namibia, Zimbabwe, South Africa Zelotes lightfooti (Purcell, 1907) – South Africa Zelotes lotzi FitzPatrick, 2007 – South Africa Zelotes mashonus FitzPatrick, 2007 – DR Congo, Botswana, Zimbabwe, South Africa Zelotes muizenbergensis FitzPatrick, 2007 – South Africa Zelotes namaquus FitzPatrick, 2007 – South Africa Zelotes namibensis FitzPatrick, 2007 – Namibia, South Africa Zelotes natalensis Tucker, 1923 – Mozambique, South Africa Zelotes ngomensis FitzPatrick, 2007 – South Africa Zelotes otavi FitzPatrick, 2007 – Namibia, Botswana, South Africa Zelotes ovambensis Lawrence, 1927 – Namibia, South Africa Zelotes pallidipes Tucker, 1923 – Namibia, South Africa Zelotes pseustes Chamberlin, 1922 – United States, Mexico Zelotes pulchripes (Purcell, 1908) – South Africa Zelotes puritanus Chamberlin, 1922 – Alaska, Canada, United States, Mexico, Europe, Turkey, Russia (Europe to Far East), Kazakhstan, Iran Zelotes qwabergensis FitzPatrick, 2007 – South Africa Zelotes radiatus Lawrence, 1928 – Namibia, Botswana, Zimbabwe, South Africa Zelotes reduncus (Purcell, 1907) – South Africa, Lesotho Zelotes resolution FitzPatrick, 2007 – South Africa Zelotes sclateri Tucker, 1923 – South Africa, Lesotho Zelotes scrutatus (O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1872) – Canary Islands, Italy (Sicily), Greece, Cyprus, Turkey, Africa to Central Asia Zelotes songus FitzPatrick, 2007 – South Africa Zelotes subterraneus (C. L. Koch, 1833) – Europe, Cyprus, Turkey, Caucasus, Russia (Europe to Far East), Kazakhstan, Central Asia, China (type species) Zelotes tenuis (L. Koch, 1866) – Mediterranean and Central Europe to Russia (Caucasus). Introduced to Galapagos Islands, United States Zelotes tuckeri Roewer, 1951 – Ethiopia, East Africa, Kenya, Namibia, Botswana, Zimbabwe, Mozambique, South Africa Zelotes uquathus FitzPatrick, 2007 – South Africa Zelotes zonognathus (Purcell, 1907) – Mali, Ivory Coast, DR Congo, Namibia, Zimbabwe, South Africa
Z. abdurakhmanovi Ponomarev, 2018 – Kazakhstan Z. acapulcoanus Gertsch & Davis, 1940 – Mexico Z. acarnanicus Lissner & Chatzaki, 2018 – Greece Z. adderet Levy, 2009 – Israel Z. aeneus (Simon, 1878) – Madeira, Europe, Turkey, Azerbaijan Z. aerosus Charitonov, 1946 – Greece (Crete), Uzbekistan, Turkmenistan Z. aestus (Tucker, 1923) – Namibia, South Africa Z. aiken Platnick & Shadab, 1983 – United States Z. albanicus (Hewitt, 1915) – South Africa Z. albomaculatus (O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1901) – South Africa Z. alpujarraensis Senglet, 2011 – Spain, Iran Z. altissimus Hu, 1989 – China Z. anatolyi Fomichev & Marusik, 2021 – Kazakhstan, Tajikistan Z. anchoralis Denis, 1958 – Afghanistan Z. andreinii Reimoser, 1937 – Ethiopia, Uganda Z. anglo Gertsch & Riechert, 1976 – United States, Mexico Z. angolensis FitzPatrick, 2007 – Angola Z. annamarieae Lissner, 2017 – Canary Islands Z. anthereus Chamberlin, 1936 – United States Z. apricorum (L. Koch, 1876) – Europe, Turkey, Kazakhstan, Iran Z. argoliensis (C. L. Koch, 1839) – Albania, Greece Z. aridus (Purcell, 1907) – Tanzania, Namibia, South Africa Z. arnoldii Charitonov, 1946 – Uzbekistan, Turkmenistan Z. ashae Tikader & Gajbe, 1976 – India Z. asiaticus (Bösenberg & Strand, 1906) – Russia (Far East), China, Korea, Japan Z. atlanticus (Simon, 1909) – Morocco Z. atrocaeruleus (Simon, 1878) – Europe, Turkey, Caucasus, Russia, (Europe), China Z. aurantiacus Miller, 1967 – Central, eastern Europe, Turkey, Caucasus (Russia) Z. azsheganovae Esyunin & Efimik, 1992 – Ukraine, Russia (Europe to South Siberia, Kamchatka), Kazakhstan Z. babunaensis (Drensky, 1929) – North Macedonia, Greece, Turkey, Iran Z. baeticoides Wunderlich, 2023 – Portugal Z. baeticus Senglet, 2011 – Spain Z. bajo Platnick & Shadab, 1983 – Mexico Z. balcanicus Deltshev, 2006 – Italy, North Macedonia, Bulgaria, Romania, Greece, Turkey, Israel Z. baltistanus Caporiacco, 1934 – Pakistan, Russia (South and north-eastern Siberia), Mongolia Z. baltoroi Caporiacco, 1934 – Pakistan, India Z. bambari FitzPatrick, 2007 – Central African Republic Z. banana FitzPatrick, 2007 – Congo Z. barbarella Wunderlich, 2022 – Portugal Z. barbarus (Simon, 1885) – Algeria, Tunisia Z. barkol Platnick & Song, 1986 – Russia (South Siberia), China Z. bashaneus Levy, 1998 – Israel Z. bassari FitzPatrick, 2007 – Togo Z. bastardi (Simon, 1896) – DR Congo, Zimbabwe, South Africa, Madagascar Z. beijianensis Hu & Wu, 1989 – China Z. berytensis (Simon, 1884) – Syria Z. bharatae Gajbe, 2005 – India Z. bicolor Hu & Wu, 1989 – China Z. bifukaensis Kamura, 2000 – Japan Z. bifurcutis Zhang, Zhu & Tso, 2009 – Taiwan Z. birmanicus (Simon, 1884) – Myanmar Z. bokerensis Levy, 1998 – Israel Z. boluensis Wunderlich, 2011 – Bulgaria, Turkey Z. bozbalus Roewer, 1961 – Afghanistan Z. brennanorum FitzPatrick, 2007 – Malawi, Zimbabwe Z. broomi (Purcell, 1907) – South Africa Z. butarensis FitzPatrick, 2007 – West Africa, Central Africa Z. butembo FitzPatrick, 2007 – Congo Z. calactinus Di Franco, 1989 – Italy (Sicily) Z. calcuttaensis (Biswas, 1984) – India Z. caldarius (Purcell, 1907) – Botswana, South Africa Z. callidus (Simon, 1878) – Portugal, Spain, France, Italy, Malta, Morocco, Algeria Z. cantonensis Platnick & Song, 1986 – China Z. capensis FitzPatrick, 2007 – South Africa Z. capiliae Barrion & Litsinger, 1995 – Philippines Z. caprearum (Pavesi, 1875) – Italy Z. caprivi FitzPatrick, 2007 – Namibia Z. capsula Tucker, 1923 – South Africa Z. captator (Thorell, 1887) – Myanmar Z. caracasanus (Simon, 1893) – Venezuela Z. caspius Ponomarev & Tsvetkov, 2006 – Kazakhstan Z. cassinensis FitzPatrick, 2007 – Guinea-Bissau Z. catholicus Chamberlin, 1924 – Mexico Z. cayucos Platnick & Shadab, 1983 – United States Z. chandosiensis Tikader & Gajbe, 1976 – India Z. chaniaensis Senglet, 2011 – Greece (Crete), Iran? Z. chinguli FitzPatrick, 2007 – Botswana, Zimbabwe, South Africa Z. chotorus Roewer, 1961 – Afghanistan Z. choubeyi Tikader & Gajbe, 1979 – India Z. cingarus (O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1874) – Albania, North Macedonia, Bulgaria, Greece, Turkey, Tajikistan Z. clivicola (L. Koch, 1870) – Europe, Turkey, Russia (Europe to South Siberia), Kazakhstan Z. coeruleus (Holmberg, 1876) – Argentina Z. comparilis (Simon, 1886) – Senegal, Burkina Faso Z. cordiger (L. Koch, 1875) – Ethiopia Z. cordubensis Senglet, 2011 – Spain Z. cornipalpus Melic, Silva & Barrientos, 2016 – Portugal, Spain Z. corrugatus (Purcell, 1907) – Zambia, Namibia, Botswana, Zimbabwe, South Africa Z. creticus (Kulczyński, 1903) – Greece (Crete) Z. criniger Denis, 1937 – Portugal, Spain, Italy, Algeria Z. cruz Platnick & Shadab, 1983 – United States Z. cyanescens Simon, 1914 – Spain, France Z. dagestanus Ponomarev, 2019 – Caucasus (Russia, Azerbaijan) Z. davidi (Simon, 1884) – Libya, Syria Z. davidi Schenkel, 1963 – China, Korea, Japan Z. desioi Caporiacco, 1934 – India Z. devotus Grimm, 1982 – Alps (Switzerland, Austria, Italy) Z. dingnan Liu, 2022 – China Z. discens Chamberlin, 1922 – United States Z. distinctissimus Caporiacco, 1929 – Greece Z. doddieburni FitzPatrick, 2007 – Zimbabwe, South Africa Z. donan Kamura, 1999 – Japan (Ryukyu Islands) Z. donnanae FitzPatrick, 2007 – Congo Z. duplex Chamberlin, 1922 – Canada, United States Z. egregioides Senglet, 2011 – Portugal, Spain, France, Italy (Sicily) Z. egregius Simon, 1914 – Spain, Andorra, France, Italy, Caucasus (Russia, Azerbaijan) Z. electus (C. L. Koch, 1839) – Europe, Turkey, Caucasus, Russia (Europe to South Siberia), Kazakhstan, Iran, Turkmenistan Z. erebeus (Thorell, 1871) – Europe, Turkey Z. eremus Levy, 1998 – Israel Z. ernsti (Simon, 1893) – Venezuela Z. erythrocephalus (Lucas, 1846) – Spain, Morocco, Algeria Z. eskovi Zhang & Song, 2001 – China, Korea Z. eugenei Kovblyuk, 2009 – Bulgaria, Greece, Ukraine, Russia (Europe, Caucasus) Z. exiguoides Platnick & Shadab, 1983 – Canada, United States Z. exiguus (Müller & Schenkel, 1895) – Europe, Russia (Europe to Far East), China, Korea, Japan, Turkey? Z. fagei Denis, 1955 – Niger, Egypt, Iraq Z. faisalabadensis Butt & Beg, 2004 – Pakistan Z. femellus (L. Koch, 1866) – Southern Europe Z. flabellis Zhang, Zhu & Tso, 2009 – Taiwan Z. flagellans (L. Koch, 1882) – Portugal, Spain Z. flavens (L. Koch, 1873) – Australia (Western Australia) Z. flavimanus (C. L. Koch, 1839) – Greece Z. flavitarsis (Purcell, 1908) – South Africa Z. florisbad FitzPatrick, 2007 – South Africa Z. florodes Platnick & Shadab, 1983 – United States Z. foresta Platnick & Shadab, 1983 – United States Z. fratris Chamberlin, 1920 – Russia (Middle Siberia to Far East), Alaska, Canada, United States, Mexico Z. frenchi Tucker, 1923 – Botswana, Zimbabwe, South Africa Z. fuligineus (Purcell, 1907) – Ethiopia, DR Congo, Kenya, Tanzania, Namibia, South Africa, Lesotho Z. fulvaster (Simon, 1878) – France (Corsica), Italy, North Macedonia, Bulgaria, Greece, Turkey, Cyprus, Russia (Europe), Iran Z. fulvopilosus (Simon, 1878) – Portugal, Spain, France Z. funereus (Dalmas, 1921) – St. Helena Z. funestus (Keyserling, 1887) – United States Z. fuscimanus (Kroneberg, 1875) – Uzbekistan Z. fuscorufus (Simon, 1878) – Spain, France (Corsica), Italy, Algeria, Libya Z. fuscus (Thorell, 1875) – Ukraine, Russia (Europe, Caucasus), Kazakhstan Z. fuzeta Wunderlich, 2011 – Portugal Z. gabriel Platnick & Shadab, 1983 – United States Z. gallicus Simon, 1914 – Europe, Caucasus (Russia), Kazakhstan Z. galunae Levy, 1998 – Israel Z. gattefossei Denis, 1952 – Morocco