List of terrorist incidents

The following is a list of terrorist incidents that were not carried out by a state or its forces (see state terrorism and state-sponsored terrorism). Assassinations are presented in List of assassinations and unsuccessful attempts at List of people who survived assassination attempts and List of heads of state and government who survived assassination attempts.

Definitions of terrorism vary, so incidents listed here are restricted to those that are notable and described as "terrorism" by a consensus of reliable sources.

Scholars dispute what might be called terrorism in earlier periods. The modern sense of terrorism emerged in the mid-19th century.

1800–1899

DateType Dead InjuredLocationDetailsPerpetratorPart of–1877MurdersApprox. 3,000Several Southern United StatesApproximately 3,000 Freedmen and their Republican Party allies are killed in well-organized campaigns of violence by the Ku Klux Klan and other white supremacists in a campaign of terrorist violence that weakened the reconstructionist governments in the Southern United States and helped re-establish legitimized segregation.Jonathan M. Bryant: Ku Klux Klan in the Reconstruction Era , The New Georgia Encyclopedia, 3 October 2002Ku Klux KlanReconstruction Era1878–1885Bombings, arson, shootings05 (4 heavy) Montceau-les-Mines region, FranceMontceau-les-Mines troubles. After the repression of a miner's strike, groups of numerous anarchist and inspired by anarchism miners organized themselves into the Black Band(s) and carried out dozens of acts of propaganda of the deed in the following years, the majority between 1882 and 1885.Black Band(s) – Black International (?)propaganda of the deedBombing00 Saint-Germain-en-Laye, FranceAn anarchist 'French Revolutionary Committee' placed bombs in small boxes around the statue of Adolphe Thiers – a significant political figure and responsible for the massacres of the Paris Commune ten years prior. The bombs encountered technical issues. First clear propaganda of the deed attack in France.French anarchists – Black International (?)–18850 (+3)98 United KingdomFenian dynamite campaign.Irish Republican Brotherhood110+ Lyon, FranceAssommoir bombing. First deadly anarchist attack in France.Fanny Madignier and 2 other anarchists – Black International (?)propaganda of the deed01 Paris, FranceParis Stock Exchange bombing. A French anarchist entered the Paris Stock Exchange, threw a bomb that didn't explode, and began firing at traders.Charles Gallo7 (+4)160+ Chicago, United StatesHaymarket Affair. A peaceful rally in Haymarket, Chicago, Illinois, was disrupted when a bomb was detonated as police were dispersing the public demonstration.FOTLUpropaganda of the deed or state terrorism-6 July 188700 Paris, FranceBerthe bombing. The store of a landlord in conflict with anarchists explodes in the middle of the night.Paolo Chiericotti (?) – Vittorio Pini (?) – Intransigents of London and Paris (?)propaganda of the deed–18891Anarchist bombing campaign of 1888–1889 targeting employment agencies at night (in order to avoid civilian casualties)Placide Schouppe (?) – Intransigents of London and Paris (?)0An anarchist in France bombs an elite residence in the Rue Saint Dominique. Anarchist in FranceÈre des attentats1Saint-Germain bombing. Start of the Ère des attentats.Ravachol, Cookie, Mariette, Béala0Lobau bombing.Théodule Meunier7French anarchist Ravachol bombs the house of prosecutor Bulot, after the trial of the accused of the Clichy Affair.Ravachol, Cookie, Mariette, Béala21French anarchists Meunier, François and Bricout bomb the café Le Very, targeting the owner, who denounced Ravachol to the police. He is killed in the explosion.Pieds plats50French anarchists Émile Henry and Adrienne Chailliey bomb a police station.Émile Henry, Adrienne Chailliey20–3027–35 Barcelona, SpainCatalan anarchist Santiago Salvador bombs the Liceu theater. Considered the first instance of 'indiscriminate terrorism'. Founding event for modern terrorism.Santiago Salvador propaganda of the deedStabbing01 Paris, FranceFrench anarchist Léon Léauthier stabs one Rista Georgevitch simply because he 'looked bourgeois'. Considered one of the first instances of 'indiscriminate terrorism'. Founding event for modern terrorism.Léon LéauthierÈre des attentatsBombing20National Assembly bombing. 0 deaths and dozens of lightly injured people.Auguste Vaillant117French anarchist Émile Henry bombs Café Terminus. Considered one of the first instances of 'indiscriminate terrorism'.Émile HenryBombings1Belgian anarchist Pauwels attacks the authorities in the 20 February bombings.Désiré PauwelsBombing0Belgian anarchist Pauwels attacks the Madeleine church in the Madeleine bombing. He dies during the attempt.Désiré Pauwels04+Either the French or the Russian states commit a provocation by bombing a restaurant in Paris, trying to capitalize on the troubles of the Ère des attentats.French state or OkhranaStabbing1 Marseille, France1894 Marseille stabbing by French anarchist Célestin Nat to avenge Henry.Célestin NatHijacking10+0 Constantinople, Ottoman EmpireOccupation of the Ottoman Bank by Armenian Revolutionary Federation members in protest of the Hamidian massacres. A resulting anti-Armenian pogrom killed around 6,000 individuals.Bloxham, Donald. The Great Game of Genocide: Imperialism, Nationalism, and the Destruction of The Ottoman Armenians. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2005, p. 53. Armenian Revolutionary Federation

1900–1929

DateType Dead InjuredLocationDetailsPerpetratorPart of28 April – 1 May 1903Bombings0 (+4) Thessaloniki, Ottoman EmpireMembers of the Boatmen of Thessaloniki, a Bulgarian anarchist group, carried out a series of bombings in Thessaloniki.Boatmen of ThessalonikiKidnapping02 kidnapped Tangier, MoroccoPerdicaris affair: Ion Perdicaris and Cromwell Varley were kidnapped and held for ransom by bandit Mulai Ahmed er Raisuli in Morocco.Mulai Ahmed er Raisuli1 February 1905Bombing2 Paris, FranceA bomb is sent towards the Republican Guard during an anti-Tsarist leftist protest. Jean-Pierre François, who was near the explosion, was arrested, but was freed for failure to provide proofs.Jean-Pierre François (?) (Freed and not convicted)21Rohan bombing. 24 people injured when a Catalan anarchist (?) bombed Alfonso XIII of Spain.Aviño/Alexandre Farras (?)21 July 190521 58 Constantinople, Ottoman EmpireAbdul Hamid II assassination attempt in Yıldız. A group composed of Armenian revolutionaries (Sophie Areshian, Martiros Margarian) and anarchists (Edward Joris, Anna Nellens) tries to bomb sultan Abdul Hamid II.Armenian Revolutionary Federation (ARF) / Anarchists24Several Madrid, SpainMorral affair. 24 people were killed when terrorist bombed the Royal Couple, Alfonso XIII of Spain and Victoria Eugenie, on their wedding day.Mateo del Morral28Several Aptekarsky Island, Russia28 people were killed when three terrorists bombed a reception in an attempt to assassinate Pyotr Stolypin.Union of Socialists-Revolutionaries-Maximalists11–12 July 1908123 Malmö, SwedenNight between 11 and 12 July: Bombing of the boat Amalthea where British strikebreakers lived by Anton Nilsson One was killed and 23 wounded.Anton Nilsson21105+ Los Angeles, United StatesLos Angeles Times bombing killed 21 people and wounded over 100 others.John J. McNamara and James B. McNamaraVarious216–22 Sarajevo, Austria-HungaryThe Assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand, heir presumptive to the Austrian throne, and his wife, Sophie, Duchess of Hohenberg. As the Archduke's car approached the third assassin after the others failed to act, the bomb bounced off the Archduke's car and exploded the car behind him, injuring 16–20 people. Later, as the Archduke's car turned a wrong corner, assassin Gavrilo Princip shot dead the Archduke and his wife in their car. This resulted in the July Crisis, and World War I.Gavrilo Princip (with the Black Hand)Prelude to World War IBombing1040 San Francisco, United StatesPreparedness Day Bombing was a bombing in San Francisco, California, on 22 July 1916, when the city held a parade in anticipation of the United States' entry into World War I. During the parade, a suitcase bomb was detonated, killing ten and wounding forty.Galleanist Anarchists (suspected)7Hundreds Jersey City, United StatesBlack Tom explosion was a planned detonation of a munitions factory at Black Tom Island in the neutral United States by Imperial German Agents that killed four and injured hundreds, as well as causing millions of dollars in damages.Imperial German AgentsWorld War I40143+ New York City, United StatesWall Street bombing killed 40 people and wounded over 143 others.Galleanist Anarchists (suspected)Red ScareBombings110 Trieste, ItalyIn Trieste, nationalists threw six bombs at the editorial office of a socialist newspaper, resulting in one death and ten injuries.Italian Nationalists02 Milan, Italy In Milan, anarchists were responsible for throwing two bombs at a hotel holding a British delegation attending the Milan International Conference; there were two injuries.AnarchistsBombing33 Bucharest, RomaniaA bomb placed by a left-wing terrorist group blows up in the Romanian Senate, killing the Minister of Justice and two other senators. The President of the Senate and two Orthodox bishops were severely injured.Max Goldstein, Leon Lichtblau and Saul OziasRiot39–300800+ Tulsa, United StatesThe Tulsa race massacre killed at least 39 people and injured over 800.Ku Klux KlanBombing100 Bolgrad, RomaniaThe Bolgrad palace bombing occurred when a bomb thrown by Bessarabian separatists at the Bolgrad palace, killed 100 soldiers and police officers.Bessarabian separatistsUnion of Bessarabia with RomaniaBombing150~500 Sofia, BulgariaSt Nedelya Church assault – The Bulgarian Communist Party (BCP) blew up the church's roof during the funeral service of General Konstantin Georgiev, who had been killed in a previous Communist assault on 14 April. 150 people, mainly from the country's political and military elite, were killed in the attack and around 500 were injured.Bulgarian Communist Party

1930–1949