Rowrah is a village in Cumbria, England, and spans the civil parishes of Arlecdon and Frizington and Lamplugh. The majority of Rowrah is within Arlecdon and Frizington. The parish boundaries are formed from the Windergill Beck and Colliergate Beck: as such nine properties, Rowrah Hall Farm, Rowrah Hall, Ainsdale House, Rowrah Head, four properties on Pheasants Rise and Rowrah Station technically fall within Lamplugh.
Until 1974 Rowrah was part of the county of Cumberland. Like many of the towns and villages in Cumberland, Rowrah is not mentioned in the Domesday Book as in 1092, the date of the book, the majority of Cumberland was within the kingdom of Scotland. Cumberland, and therefore Rowrah, did not permanently become part of England until 1273 with the signing of the Treaty of York.
General Rowrah consists of two main residential roads, Rowrah Road (A5086) and Pasture Road. Pheasants Rise was built in 2000 by Swift Homes in between Edgars Garage and Rowrah Head, this was the first major build in Rowrah for over 100 years. The majority of houses in Rowrah are terraced and a few still have the original frontage that reflects the architecture of the time. There is a small row of houses on the approach to the old Railway Station. Rowrah Hall, Rowrah Head and Rowrah Hall Farm, until the construction of Ainsdale House in 1992, were the only buildings to the south of Rowrah Road. The A5086 Rowrah Road becomes Arlecdon Parks Road as it turns towards Arlecdon, approximately 20 yards of Arlecdon Parks Road falls within the village boundary of Rowrah.
Geography Rowrah is situated in a minor valley with an east–west direction and is part of the watershed between the River Ehen and the River Derwent, Cumbria. To the west flows the Windergill Beck contributing to the River Ehen, the source of Windergill Beck is located within the grounds of Rowrah Hall. To the east flows the Colliergate Beck contributing to the River Marron which in turn contributes into the River Derwent, Cumbria.
Rowrah is 169m above sea level.
Railways
Connections
Before the formation of London, Midland and Scottish Railway on 1 January 1923, Rowrah was connected by three separate railway companies, two of which terminated in Rowrah thus giving four separate lines into and out of Rowrah for the conveyance of passengers and goods.
The Rowrah – Marron junction line connecting with Workington and Cockermouth line, part of Whitehaven, Cleator and Egremont Railway under the ownership of Furness Railway The Rowrah – Workington Branch Via Arlecdon and Distington, part of the Cleator and Workington Junction Railway, sometimes referred to as Track of the Ironmasters. The Rowrah – Whitehaven line, part of Whitehaven, Cleator and Egremont Railway under the ownership of Furness Railway Rowrah and Kelton Fell Railway, sometimes referred to as "Baird's Line"
Whitehaven, Cleator and Egremont Railway
On 1 February 1864 Rowrah was connected by the Whitehaven, Cleator and Egremont Railway. Rowrah station, located on Pasture Road, can be seen using this view from Google Street View. At the top of Pasture Road Rowrah had two hotels, The Railway Hotel and The Stork Hotel.
The line was further extended to Wrights Green ("The Lamplugh Extension") and on 2 April 1866 the line was connected with the Workington and Cockermouth line at using a Wye (rail) (triangular track) arrangement at Marron Junction thus creating the Whitehaven and Marron Junction branch line.Cumbria Industrial History Society Bulletin, April 2008 At the opening of the "Lamplugh Extension" it was also announced that an Electrical telegraph had been installed on the line at the demand of the Iron ore companies at a grand cost of £56.
By 1875 Rowrah had become a sufficiently complex junction that it was deemed to require its own signal box, this resulted in the opening of Rowrah No1. Signal Box.http://www.signalbox.org/gallery/lm/rowrah.htm The Signal Box website
Cleator and Workington Junction Railway
The Cleator and Workington Junction Railway was founded in 1876 and was given the nickname of "Track of the Ironmasters" due to the fact that its primary purpose was to transport trucks of iron ore down from mines located at Knockmurton and Kelton (via Rowrah) to the Iron works at Workington, Cleator Moor and Distington.
On 1 May 1888 a joint application was made for a "tramway on the Rowrah Estate", this was between Thomas Dixon (the owner of Rowrah Head QuarryBulmer's History & Directory of Cumberland, 1901) and Anthony Joseph Steele Dixon of Rheda and the Cleator and Workington Junction Railway.Cumbria County Council Archives, ref. YBSC/8/1/2/7 A further application was made on 1 October 1906 in respect to extension of lines to be constructed on the Rowrah Hall Estate between 1) the Cleator and Workington Junction Railway Company and 2) Thomas Dixon, Rheda and Anthony Joseph Steele Dixon, Lorton Hall.Cumbria County Council Archives, ref. YBSC/8/1/2/8
Initially the Whitehaven, Cleator and Egremont Railway only carried goods, specifically iron ore and coal but it was later extended to carry passengers. Rowrah continued to have a passenger service until 1931 at which point both the Whitehaven, Cleator and Egremont Railway and Cleator and Workington Junction Railway withdrew their service in the face of increasing competition from the bus service. Many of the local older residents have memories of reasonably frequent school services, charter trains, Railtours and various specials from Rowrah into the 1950s and 1960s.
Rowrah and Kelton Fell Railway
Rowrah was also the terminus of the 3 Mile Rowrah and Kelton Fell Railway that was constructed to reduce the cost of the conveyance of Iron ore and Limestone from the Knockmurton and Kelton mines. Prior to the construction of the railway the cost of transport via road to Rowrah / Wrights Green was three and six a ton (17.5p). A single locomotive of the Rowrah and Kelton Fell Railway was preserved by the Scottish Railway Preservation Society and can be seen at their Falkirk Museum located at the Bo'ness and Kinneil Railway. The Rowrah and Kelton Fell Railway was opened in January 1877 and the track eventually lifted in 1934, the route was only ever used for the carriage of goods, specifically Iron ore.
Railtours and special services Visiting Railtours that came to Rowrah after 1931 include:-
West Cumberland Railtour, 5 September 1954 Organiser: Stephenson Locomotive Society and Manchester Locomotive Society Traction: Furness Railway Class D5 0-6-0 No. 52494 Traction: Furness Railway Class D5 0-6-0 No. 52501 Formation: 5 carriage . Route: Sellafield, Egremont, Moor Row, Cleator Moor Goods, Birks Bridge Jn, Eskett Jn, Rowrah, Ullock Jn, Marron Jn, Workington Bridge Jn, Derwent Jn, Workington, Derwent Jn, Siddick Junction, Dock Jn, Calva Jn, Seaton, Buckhill, Seaton, Calva Jn, Cloffocks Jn, Workington Central, Harrington, Cumbria Jn, Distington, Moresby Parks, Cleator Moor Jn, Moor Row, Mirehouse Jn, Corkickle, Whitehaven (Bransty)
The Solway Ranger Railtour, 13 June 1964 Organiser: R.C.T.S. (West Riding Branch) Traction: LNER Class D40 Great North of Scotland Railway No. 49 'Gordon Highlander' Traction: Caledonian Railway Single 123 Traction: SR Merchant Navy class No. 35012 'United States Lines' Traction: LMS Stanier Class 5 4-6-0 No. 45394 Traction: LMS Ivatt Class 2 2-6-0 No. 46426 Traction: LMS Ivatt Class 2 2-6-0 No. 46458 Traction: Unknown Diesel multiple unit Route: Leeds City South, Shipley Leeds Jn, Keighley, Snaygill, Skipton, Hellifield, Settle Jn, Clapham, Wennington Jn, Carnforth East Jn, Carnforth F & M Jn, Carnforth No.2 Jn, Carnforth Jn, Oxenholme, Tebay, Shap Summit, Penrith No.1, Penrith, Blencow, Penruddock, Threlkeld, Keswick, Braithwaite, Bassenthwaite Lake, Cockermouth, Cockermouth Jn, Derwent Jn, Workington Main ( Diesel multiple unit replaces steam), Moss Bay Iron Works, Whitehaven Bransty, Corkickle, Moor Row, Rowrah (14.23a ~ 14.38d), Moor Row, Egremont, Cumbria, Beckermet Mines Jn, Sellafield railway station, Nethertown, St Bees, Corkickle, Whitehaven Bransty, Moss Bay Iron Works, Workington Main, Aspatria, Wigton, Carlisle No.8, Carlisle (Steam replaces Diesel multiple unit), Carlisle No.3, Canal Jn, Drumburgh, Silloth, Drumburgh, Canal Jn, Carlisle No.3, Carlisle, Petteril Bridge Jn, Lazonby & Kirkoswald, Appleby West, Ais Gill, Blea Moor, Settle Jn, Hellifield, Skipton, Snaygill, Keighley, Shipley Leeds Jn, Leeds City South
Solway Railtour of West Cumberland by brake van, 7 May 1966 Organiser: The Railway Enthusiasts Club of Farnborough, Hants Traction: LMS Ivatt Class 4, 43006 Route: Workington railway station (main), Siddick junction, Calva junction, Buckhill RNAD (the Dump), Siddick, Parton railway station, No 4 pit siding (Lowca), Parton railway station, Whitehaven (Corcickle), Moor Row, Rowrah, Moor Row, Sellafield railway station, Millom, Workington railway station
Steam Hauled Railtour of Ravenglass and Rowrah, 15 March 1969 Organiser: Stephenson Locomotive Society and Manchester Locomotive Society Traction: Unknown Formation: Unknown Route: City of Lancaster, Carnforth, Grange-over-Sands, Plumpton Jn, Conishead Priory Branch, Plumpton Jn, Ulverston, Dalton-in-Furness, Askam and Ireleth (Askham), Foxfield railway station, Millom, Sellafield railway station, Egremont, Cumbria, Moor Row, Rowrah Jn, Arlecdon, Rowrah (14.02a ~ 14.12d), Moor Row, Corkickle, Whitehaven Preston Street Jn, Whitehaven Preston Street Goods, Whitehaven Preston Street Jn, Corkickle, St Bees, Ravenglass, Dalegarth for Boot railway station, Ravenglass, Carnforth, City of Lancaster
Rowrah Station and staff Such was the ad hoc passenger traffic and special services that Rowrah railway station continued to be staffed until 1967, 36 years after passenger services officially ceased. Identified railway staff from Rowrah include:
George Stoddart was the last station master at Rowrah serving from 1947 to May 1967, leaving into retirement. Samuel Hastings, railway clerk, married Miss Mary Ann Yates both of Rowrah – 18 March 1882
Closure The line to the north of Rowrah (Wrights Green – Marron Junction) was lifted in 1964.
The route of the old Cleator and Workington Junction Railway ceased coal and coke traffic, for the general public on 14 August 1967, and regular goods, from 15 August 1966.
The signal box remained operational until 1967 at which point traffic had become so low that the whole of the line between Rowrah and Whitehaven was deemed as a single block (see British absolute block signalling) with point switching being carried out by the train driver / guard. The Rowrah No. 1 Signal box was the last surviving box of the Whitehaven, Cleator and Egremont Railway.
A stretch of the Cleator and Workington Junction Railway remained until October 1980 as the backshunt into Rowrah Hall quarry for the remaining goods traffic on the old route of the Whitehaven, Cleator and Egremont Railway. The backshunt ran from Rowrah almost as far as Arlecdon Station.
The line to the south of Rowrah continued to serve the Rowrah Hall / Eskett Quarry as the primary way to move Limestone until 23 March 1978 when the last Rowrah Limestone was sent to the Blast furnaces at Workington Ironworks. All private siding movements were suspended on 1 April 1978. The line was officially closed to traffic on 2 February 1980 and remained in place until October of the same year. The quarry remained open for two years after the departure of the railway with all Limestone being transported by road.The Whitehaven News, 30 October 1980 During the rail removal process the track was lifted and loaded on to a train, the track being lifted behind it as it travelled back to Whitehaven. The train formation consisted of a British Rail Class 25 locomotive (25202 and 25036), two rail wagons and BR/LMS guards van. 25036 was the last locomotive to ever visit Rowrah.
Mines, quarries, and natural resources