Nabokov (masculine, ) or Nabokova (feminine, ) is a Russian surname. Notable people with the surname include:
Vladimir Vladimirovich Nabokov (1899–1977), Russian–American author, entomologist, and chess problem composer Vladimir Dmitrievich Nabokov (1870–1922), Russian criminologist, journalist, and politician, and father of Vladimir Vladimirovich Nabokov Konstantin Dmitrievich Nabokov (1872–1927), Russian author and diplomat Nicolas Nabokov (1903–1978), Russian–American composer, cousin of Vladimir Vladimirovich Nabokov Dmitri Nabokov (1934–2012), singer and author, son of Vladimir Vladimirovich Nabokov Evgeni Nabokov (born 1975), Kazakh–Russian ice hockey player