Alopecurus geniculatus is a species of grass known by the common name water foxtail or marsh foxtail. It is native to much of Eurasia and introduced into North America, South America, and Australia. It grows in moist areas.Moore, D. M. 1983. Flora de Tierra del Fuego 396 pp. A. Nelson; Missouri Botanical Garden, Oswestry; St. LouisSoreng, R. J. 2003. Alopecurus. 48: 97–106. In R. J. Soreng, P. M. Peterson, G. Davidse, E. J. Judziewicz, F. O. Zuloaga, T. S. Filgueiras & O. Morrone (eds.) Catalogue of New World Grasses (Poaceae): IV. Subfamily Pooideae, Contributions from the United States National Herbarium. Smithsonian Institution, Washington, D.C.Böcher, T. W., K. Holmen & K. Jacobsen. 1968. Flora of Greenland (ed. 2) 312 pp.Bor, N. L. 1960. Grass. Burma, Ceylon, India & Pakistan i–767. Pergamon Press, Oxford
Alopecurus geniculatus is a perennial grass forming bunches of erect stems up to about in height. The leaves are up in length. The pale green to purplish inflorescence is a dense panicle up to long which blooms in dusty yellow-orange anthers.Altervista Flora Italiana, Coda di topo ginocchiata, Vulpin genouillé, capim-cauda-de-raposa-dobrado, kärrkavle, Alopecurus geniculatus includes photos and European distribution mapBiota of North America Program 2014 county distribution map reproduces sexually by seeds and can reproduce vegetatively by rooting at stem nodes.
In Europe, it can be affected by a fungus, known as 'Foxtail Smut', Urocystis alopecuri.
Environmental conservation
Alopecurus geniculatus is a component of purple moor grass and rush pastures a type of Biodiversity Action Plan habitat in the UK. It occurs on poorly drained neutral and acidic soils of the lowlands and upland fringe.
Nonindigenous spread The grass has spread significantly in the United States since it was first introduced. +SpreadStateFirst ObservedAK1940AZ1941AR1905CA1900CO1886CT1900DC1900GA1929ID1912IL1860IN1918IA1894KS1890KY1900LA1897ME1893MD1900MA1874MI1900MN1900MS1892MT1884NE1900NV1978NH1900NJ1915NM1904NY1858ND1915OH1882OK1896OR1884PA1900RI1941SD1900TN1999TX1899UT1894VT1921WA1902WV1900WI1900WY1888
Hybrid Alopecurus geniculatus is known to hybridize with other members of the Alopecurus genus. Alopecurus x haussknechtianus is a hybrid between A. geniculatus and A. aequalis, Alopecurus x brachystylus is a hybrid between A. geniculatus and A. pratensis, Alopecurus x plettkei is s hybrid between A. geniculatus and A. bulbosus (Botanical Society of Britain and Ireland 2016).
References
External links Jepson Manual Treatment United States Department of Agriculture Plants Profile Grass Manual Treatment Calphotos Photo gallery, University of California