Giulvăz (; ; Banat Swabian: Djulwess; ) is a commune in Timiș County, Romania. It is composed of four villages: Crai Nou, Giulvăz (commune seat), Ivanda and Rudna.
Geography Giulvăz is located in the southwestern part of the Timiș County. It borders Peciu Nou to the north; Ciacova to the east and southeast, the limit on a great length being the Timiș River; Foeni and Uivar to the west and southwest. The territory of the commune lies in the middle of a low plain area, Ciacova Plain, with altitudes between .
The climate is characterized by average annual temperatures of , average temperatures of in January and in July. The average annual rainfall is . The dominant winds are those from the north, northeast, east and southeast.
The dominant vegetation is the grassy one. The areas with trees and shrubs are few, located especially in the Timiș meadow. The characteristic fauna is that of the steppe represented by rodents such as: suslik, hamster, vole, mole, etc. The birds found here are: sparrow, quail, starling, rook, northern goshawk, magpie, etc. The hunting fauna is represented by hares, pheasants, wild geese and ducks, deer and wild boars.
History The first recorded mention of Giulvăz dates from 1355. It was inhabited uninterruptedly, during the Middle Ages and the Turkish occupation of Banat. In Marsigli's writings of 1690–1700, it is mentioned and said to have 27 houses. On Count Mercy's map of 1723 it appears with the name Julves, rounded to the district of Ciacova, and on the military map of 1761 it is listed as a rather important locality. In 1779 it joined the Torontál County to which it belonged until the end of World War I. In 1781 it was bought by the Macedo-Romanians Naum and Constantin Dadan, and later, it remained in the property of the latter. Dadan Hungarianizes and becomes Dadányi. From him, the property is inherited by Count Kinsky, who parcels it in 1909.
Demographics
Giulvăz had a population of 3,072 inhabitants at the 2021 census, down 0.1% from the 2011 census. Most inhabitants are Romanians (75.71%), larger minorities being represented by Roma (8.36%) and Serbs (3.22%). For 11.23% of the population, ethnicity is unknown. By religion, most inhabitants are Orthodox (73.95%), but there are also minorities of Pentecostals (7.48%), Serbian Orthodox (3.02%) and Roman Catholics (2.24%). For 11.88% of the population, religious affiliation is unknown. Census Ethnic composition Year Population Romanians Hungarians Germans Roma Serbs 1880 3,759 1,067 321 528 – 1,830 1890 4,245 1,273 312 693 – 1,958 1900 4,568 1,272 340 968 – 1,974 1910 4,672 1,212 480 888 – 2,051 1920 4,345 1,019 400 835 – – 1930 5,048 1,870 214 874 128 1,936 1941 5,128 2,089 242 740 – – 1956 4,264 2,100 146 338 165 1,508 1966 3,962 2,302 121 267 50 1,210 1977 3,667 2,369 121 211 36 923 1992 2,813 2,144 51 94 87 424 2002 3,022 2,396 72 38 175 327 2011 3,075 2,459 50 32 169 198 2021 3,072 2,326 22 14 257 99 Politics and administration The commune of Giulvăz is administered by a mayor and a local council composed of 12 councilors. The mayor, Florentin Gheorghe Cristeți, from the Social Democratic Party, has been in office since 2008. As from the 2024 local elections, the local council has the following composition by political parties: Party Seats Composition Social Democratic Party 7 Save Romania Union–People's Movement Party–Force of the Right 2 Alliance for the Union of Romanians 2 S.O.S. Romania 1
Economy The basic economic activities of Giulvăz are agriculture and animal husbandry, activities favored by the commune's position in the middle of a plain area. Out of the total surface of the commune, 92.75% is agricultural territory in use, with 74.1% arable lands and 22.4% pastures. The agricultural area per inhabitant is 3.5 ha/inhab.
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