HLA-B*15:01 (alpha)-β2MG with bound peptide major histocompatibility complex (human), class I, B15 Alleles B*15:01, 15:02 . . Structure (See HLA-B) Shared data Locus chr.6 6p21.31
HLA-B15 (B15) is an HLA-B serotype. The serotype identifies the B*15 gene-allele protein products of HLA-B.
B15 is a broad antigen and can be subdivided into several split antigens that are often used in characterization. These are B62, B63, B70, B71, B72, B75, B76, B77. B*15 is the largest allele grouping for any known human autosomal locus, identified as of August 2008 there are more than 150 alleles and ~140 amino acid sequence variants from those gene products. Some of these alleles are discussed below. Other alleles, such as B*46 evolved from B*15. One reason for the diversity of this group is that B15 is among a group of alleles enriched in the original humans that left Africa and dispersed across East Asia and Australia. As people traveled east the frequency of many alleles dropped or disappeared from migrants. However B*15 persisted, expanded and diversified. The wide range and complex environment selected for new alleles and promoted their expansion. B*46 for example is not found in Africa, and appears to have evolved and spread in East Asia, to several 100 million bearers worldwide.
HLA-B15 allele *15:02 is associated with the severe skin conditions Stevens–Johnson syndrome (SJS) and toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN) caused by carbamazepine drug sensitivity in East Asians.
Carriers of the HLA-B15 allele *15:01 (B62) are much more likely to be asymptomatic when infected with SARS-CoV-2 (the virus that causes COVID-19).
Serotype + Serotypes B15, B62, B63, B70, B71, B72, B75, B76, B77 recognition of the HLA B*15 gene productsderived from IMGT/HLA B*15 B15 B62 B63 B70 B71 B72 B75 B76 B77 Sample Desig- allele % % % % % % % % % size (N) nation 15:01 2 96 1906 B62 15:02 7 22 62 1035 B75 15:03 1 61 10 2569 B70 15:04 10 69 29 B62 15:05 18 64 22 B62 15:06 40 20 11 10 B62 15:07 79 101 B62 15:08 20 18 45 B62 15:09 53 65 B70 15:10 1 49 2 2 1 1204 B70 15:11 15 27 21 68 B62 15:12 17 18 8 12 B62 15:13 15 8 19 12 21 116 B77 15:15 13 49 28 138 B62 15:16 3 80 816 B63 15:17 2 88 797 B63 15:18 51 3 552 B70 15:20 100 5 B62 15:21 7 12 55 132 B75 15:24 44 54 B62 15:25 7 74 8 116 B62 15:27 7 76 76 B62 15:28 14 57 14 7 B62 15:29 19 21 B70 15:30 17 64 98 B62 15:31 50 12 B62 15:35 79 34 B62 15:37 30 34 B70 Allele B15 B62 B63 B70 B71 B72 B75 B76 B77 N Alleles link-out to IPD-IMGT/HLA Database at EBI
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